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Abraham, Martin and John

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"Abraham, Martin and John" is a 1968 song written by Dick Holler. It was first recorded by Dion, in a version that was a substantial North American chart hit in 1968–1969. Near-simultaneous cover versions by Smokey Robinson and the Miracles and Moms Mabley also charted in the U.S. in 1969, and a version that same year by Marvin Gaye became the hit version in the UK. It was also a hit as part of a medley (with "What the World Needs Now Is Love") for Tom Clay in 1971, and has subsequently been recorded by many other artists. Holler was particularly impressed that Bob Dylan covered the song.[1]

"Abraham, Martin and John"
Side A of US single
Single by Dion
from the album Dion
B-side"Daddy Rollin' (In Your Arms)"
ReleasedAugust 1968
RecordedAllegro Sound Studios; Engineer Bruce Staple
GenreFolk rock
Length3:15
LabelLaurie
Songwriter(s)Dick Holler
Producer(s)Phil Gernhard
Dion singles chronology
"Two Ton Feather"
(1966) 		"Abraham, Martin and John"
(1968) 		"Purple Haze"
(1968)
"Abraham, Martin and John"
Single by Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
from the album Time Out for Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
B-side"Much Better Off"
ReleasedMay 9, 1969
Recorded1969
StudioMotown
GenreR&B
Length2:51
LabelTamla
Songwriter(s)Dick Holler
Producer(s)Smokey Robinson
Smokey Robinson & the Miracles singles chronology
"Doggone Right"
(1969) 		"Abraham, Martin and John"
(1969) 		"Point It Out"
(1969)
"Abraham, Martin and John"
Single by Moms Mabley
from the album Abraham, Martin & John
B-side"Sunny"
ReleasedJune 1969
Recorded1969
GenreEasy listening
Length3:48
LabelMercury
Songwriter(s)Dick Holler
Producer(s)Barry Oslander

The song itself is a tribute to the memory of four assassinated Americans, all icons of social change: Abraham Lincoln, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy. It was written in response to the assassination of King and that of Robert Kennedy in April and June 1968, respectively.[2]

Lyrics

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Each of the first three verses features one of the men named in the song's title, for example:

Anybody here seen my old friend Abraham?
Can you tell me where he's gone?
He freed a lot of people, but it seems the good, they die young;
I just looked around and he was gone.

After a bridge, the fourth and final verse mentions "Bobby" (referencing Robert F. Kennedy), and ends with a description of him "walking over the hill" with the other three men.

Dion recording

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The original version, recorded by Dion, featured a gentle folk rock production from Phil Gernhard and arrangement from John Abbott. The song features a flugelhorn, an electric organ, bass, and drums.

Dion was a recovering heroin addict living in South Florida when Holler and Gernhard brought him the song, and had turned his career toward acoustic folk singing. Holler had written the song in St. Petersburg, Florida, shortly after hearing about Robert Kennedy's death.[3] Dion performed the song on The Smothers Brother Comedy Hour in October 1968.[4] Although it was quite unlike the rock sound that Dion had become famous for in the early 1960s, and even more unlike Holler and Gernhard's previous collaboration in the 1966 novelty smash "Snoopy Vs. The Red Baron", "Abraham, Martin and John" nonetheless was a major American hit single in late 1968. It reached number 2 in Cash Box, number 4 on the Hot 100,[3] and number 1 on Chicago station WLS[5] and was awarded an RIAA gold record for selling a million copies. In Canada, it topped the charts, reaching number 1 in the RPM 100 on November 25, 1968.[6] In 2001, this recording would be ranked number 248 on the RIAA's Songs of the Century list.[7] The record was also popular with adult listeners, reaching number 8 on the Billboard Easy Listening survey. The personnel on the original recording included Vinnie Bell and Ralph Casale on guitar, Nick DeCaro on organ, David Robinson on drums, Gloria Agostini on harp, and George Marge on oboe and English horn.

Chart performance

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Certifications

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Certifications for "Abraham, Martin and John"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
United States (RIAA)[13] Gold 1,000,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Later recordings and performances

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  • Smokey Robinson & the Miracles recorded a version that became an American Top 40 single in 1969, reaching number 33[14] while reaching number 16 on the US R&B charts[15]
  • Marvin Gaye, with an orchestral arrangement by Norman Whitfield, also recorded a version in 1969 that became a top-ten hit (reaching number 9) in the United Kingdom in 1970 (Gaye's version was never released in the U.S. as a single but was featured on his 1970 album, That's the Way Love Is, and was one of his first experiments with social messages in his music which would culminate in his 1971 album, What's Going On.)
  • Comedian Moms Mabley performed a completely serious version that hit the U.S. Top 40. It reached number 35 in July 1969 and number 18 on the R&B charts, making Mabley (at 75) the oldest living person to have a U.S. Top 40 hit.[16][17]
  • Ray Charles recorded his version of the song on his 1972 album A Message from the People.
  • Marillion released two versions in 1999. A live recording was on their Unplugged at the Walls album, and a studio version on their fan club Christmas CD the same year.
  • Whitney Houston performed the song in her live concert in 1997 that aired on VH1 and HBO as Whitney Houston: Live Washington DC.
  • Wilson Pickett recorded a variation of the song, "Cole, Cooke & Redding" (US number 91 / Canada number 58), as the B-side of his 1970 version of The Archies' hit "Sugar, Sugar". His version altered the lyrics to eulogize the titular three deceased icons of black music.
  • Harry Belafonte recorded the song in his 1970 album Belafonte By Request, released by RCA Records.

As part of medleys

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The song is also featured on Tom Clay's 1971 "What the World Needs Now Is Love/Abraham, Martin, and John", a medley combining Dion's recording with Jackie DeShannon's recording of Burt Bacharach's "What the World Needs Now Is Love", along with vocals by The Blackberries. Clay's recording features narration (an adult asking a child to define several words associated with social unrest), sound bites from speeches given by President John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy, and Martin Luther King Jr., along with sound bites from the live press coverage of Robert Kennedy's assassination, and his eulogy by his brother Edward M. Kennedy. It reached number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart[18] on August 14, 1971 and number 32 on the R&B charts.[19] It reached number 3 in Australia.[20]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Paulson, Dave (September 11, 2020). "Story Behind the Song: 'Abraham, Martin and John'". The Tennessean. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  2. ^ "How Robert Kennedy Inspired 'Abraham, Martin and John'". The New York Times Company. June 5, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  3. ^ a b DeYoung, Bill (October 19, 2020). "Vintage St. Pete: 'Abraham, Martin and John,' the local connection". St Pete Catalyst. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  4. ^ Margolick, David (June 5, 2018). "How Robert Kennedy Inspired 'Abraham, Martin and John'". New York Times.
  5. ^ "89 Hit Parade". WLS. December 2, 1968. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
  6. ^ a b "Item Display - RPM - Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
  7. ^ "RIAA Announces "Songs of the Century", Music History Calendar". calendar.songfacts.com.
  8. ^ "Flavour of New Zealand, 17 January 1969 - search listener". Flavourofnz.co.nz. Archived from the original on October 4, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
  9. ^ Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955-2002
  10. ^ "Cash Box Top 100 12/21/68". Tropicalglen.com. December 21, 1968. Archived from the original on October 4, 2016. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
  11. ^ "Item Display - RPM - Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
  12. ^ Whitburn, Joel (1999). Pop Annual. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. ISBN 0-89820-142-X.
  13. ^ "American single certifications – Dion – Abraham". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
  14. ^ Whitburn, Joel The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, Billboard Books, New York, 1992, p. 317
  15. ^ Whitburn, Joel, The Billboard Book of TOP 40 R&B and Hip Hop Hits, Billboard Books, New York 2006, p. 400
  16. ^ Whitburn, Joel, The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, Billboard Books, New York, 1992 p. 287
  17. ^ Whitburn, Joel, The Billboard Book of Top 40 R&B and Hip Hop Hits, Billboard Books, New York, 2006, p. 363
  18. ^ Whitburn, Joel The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, Billboard Books, New York, 1992, p. 102
  19. ^ Whitburn, Joel, The Billboard Book of TOP 40 R&B and Hip Hop Hits, Billboard Books, New York 2006, p.109
  20. ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 66. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.

Further reading

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  • Collins, Ace. Songs Sung, Red, White, and Blue: The Stories Behind America's Best-Loved Patriotic Songs. HarperResource, 2003. ISBN 0060513047
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