Aḥmad ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d (Arabic: أحمد بن سعيد بن سعد; d. c. 15 April 1781) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1770 to 1773.[1]
| Ahmad ibn Sa'id أحمد بن سعيد | |
|---|---|
| Sharif and Emir of Mecca | |
| Reign | May 1770 – 13 July 1770 |
| Predecessor | Abd Allah ibn Musa'id |
| Successor | Abd Allah ibn Husayn |
| Reign | October 1770 – 6 February 1773 |
| Predecessor | Abd Allah ibn Husayn |
| Successor | Surur ibn Musa'id |
| Died | c. 15 April 1781 Jeddah, Ottoman Empire |
| House |
|
| Father | Sa'id ibn Sa'd |
After the death of his brother Musa'id in late Muharram 1184 AH (May 1770) his brother Abd Allah succeeded to the Emirate, having been nominated by Musa'id before his death. Ahmad, desiring the Emirate for himself, deposed his brother and appointed himself as Emir. He sent word to Istanbul of the change in office, but before the customary proclamation and khil'ah (robe of honor) arrived from the capital he was deposed by the ruler of Egypt, Ali Bey al-Kabir, who replaced him with Abd Allah ibn Husayn of the rival Barakat clan. Abd Allah entered Mecca with a forged firman on Friday, 18 Rabi al-Awwal 1184 AH (13 July 1770) supported by Egyptian troops led by Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab, and was installed as Emir on the same day. In early October Ahmad resumed the Emirate after defeating Abd Allah's forces with the support of Bedouin allies.[2][3][4]
On 6 February 1773 Ahmad was unseated by his nephew Surur ibn Musa'id, who proclaimed himself Emir of Mecca.[5][6] In the following years there occurred 15 clashes between the two factions, culminating in a final engagement in Jumada al-Thani 1193 AH (June/July 1779) when Ahmad was captured. Surur imprisoned his uncle first at Yanbu and then at Jeddah, where he died on 20 Rabi al-Thani 1195 AH (c. 15 April 1781).[2][7][8]
Notes
edit- ^ de Zambaur 1927, p. 23.
- ^ a b Uzunçarşılı 2003, pp. 186–188.
- ^ al-Ghāzī 2009, pp. 646–652.
- ^ Daḥlan 2007, pp. 274–279.
- ^ al-Ghāzī 2009, p. 657.
- ^ Daḥlan 2007, pp. 280–281.
- ^ al-Ghāzī 2009, pp. 667–668.
- ^ Daḥlan 2007, pp. 286–287.
References
edit- de Zambaur, E. (1927). Manuel de généalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de l'Islam. Hanovre: Heinz Lafaire.
- Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı (2003). Ashrāf Makkat al-Mukarramah wa-umarāʼihā fī al-ʻahd al-ʻUthmānī أشراف مكة المكرمة وأمرائها في العهد العثماني (in Arabic). Translated by Murād, Khalīl ʻAlī (1st ed.). Beirut: al-Dār al-‘Arabīyah lil-Mawsū‘āt.
- al-Ghāzī, ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad (2009). ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Duhaysh (ed.). Ifādat al-anām إفادة الأنام (in Arabic). Vol. 3 (1st ed.). Makkah: Maktabat al-Asadī.
- Daḥlan, Aḥmad Zaynī (2007) [1887/1888]. Khulāṣat al-kalām fī bayān umarā' al-Balad al-Ḥarām خلاصة الكلام في بيان أمراء البلد الحرام (in Arabic). Dār Arḍ al-Ḥaramayn.