The City Council of Helsinki (Finnish: Helsingin kaupunginvaltuusto, Swedish: Helsingfors stadsfullmäktige) is the main decision-making organ in the local politics of Helsinki, Finland.[1] The City Council deals with issues such as city planning, schools, health care, and public transport.
City Council of Helsinki Helsingin kaupunginvaltuusto Helsingfors stadsfullmäktige | |
|---|---|
 | |
| History | |
| Founded | 1873 |
| Leadership | |
Chairperson | Fatim Diarra, Green League |
First Deputy Chairperson | Wille Rydman, Finns Party |
Second Deputy Chairperson | Pilvi Torsti, Social Democratic Party |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 85 |
 | |
Political groups | |
Length of term | 4 years |
| Elections | |
Last election | June 13, 2021 |
| Meeting place | |
| Helsinki City Hall | |
| Website | |
| www | |
The 85-seat Council's members are elected every four years in municipal elections. The seat of the Council is the Helsinki City Hall, which overlooks Market Square in central Helsinki.
Historically, the center-right National Coalition Party has been the largest player in Helsinki's local politics, with the center-left Social Democratic Party being the second largest. However, since the 2000 elections, the position of the Social Democrats has been challenged by the Green League, for which Helsinki is the strongest area of support nationally, with the former party becoming the second-largest in only the 2008 elections. As of 2021, the second-largest and third-largest parties in the Council are the Green League and the Social Democrats respectively.
The Left Alliance is the Council's fourth-largest party while the Finns are the fifth-largest. The Swedish People's Party is sixth, with the party's support on a steady decline over the years; this can be attributed to the diminishing proportion of Swedish speakers in Helsinki. The agrarian Centre Party, despite being one of the major parties in national politics, has limited support in Helsinki. This is because there are very few farmers in Helsinki.
Seat distribution in the Council
edit1919–1936
edit| Elections | Seats | |||||||||||||
| SDP | RKP | NCP | NPP | SWPF SM |
Other | Total | ||||||||
| 1918 | 26 | 22 | 8 | 4 | 60 | |||||||||
| 1919 | 24 | 22 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1920 | 20 | 22 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1921 | 15 | 21 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1922 | 12 | 22 | 9 | 3 | 14 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1923 | 11 | 23 | 10 | 3 | 13 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1924 | 11 | 24 | 11 | 3 | 11 | 60 | ||||||||
| 1925 | 12 | 20 | 11 | 4 | 9 | 3 | 59 | |||||||
| 1928 | 13 | 18 | 9 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 59 | |||||||
| 1930 | 22 | 16 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 59 | ||||||||
| 1933 | 23 | 15 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 59 | ||||||||
| 1936 | 24 | 15 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 59 | ||||||||
| Source: Helsinki City Statistics[2] | ||||||||||||||
1945–
edit| Elections | Seat | Voter turnout % | ||||||||||||||
| NCP | SDP | FPDL Left |
RKP | NPP | CDP KD |
Centre | SMP Finns |
CRP CPP |
Greens | H2000 | Independents | Communist | Other | Total | ||
| 1945 | 14 | 11 | 15 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 59 | |||||||||
| 1947 | 15 | 15 | 11 | 12 | 5 | 1a | 59 | |||||||||
| 1950 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 13 | 8 | 71 | ||||||||||
| 1953 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 71 | ||||||||||
| 1956 | 18 | 19 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 77 | ||||||||||
| 1960 | 21 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 77 | |||||||||
| 1964 | 21 | 21 | 14 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 77 | |||||||||
| 1968 | 21 | 21 | 11 | 10 | 8 | -- | 1 | 4 | 1b | 77 | ||||||
| 1972 | 21 | 25 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 77 | |||||||
| 1976 | 22 | 22 | 15 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 3 | -- | 4 | -- | 85 | |||||
| 1980 | 28 | 23 | 14 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1c | 85 | |||||
| 1984 | 26 | 19 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 2d | 85 | ||||
| 1988 | 27 | 21 | 7 | 8 | -- | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 4e | 85 | |||
| 1992 | 21 | 21 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | -- | 1f | 15 | 4 | 2 | -- | 85 | ||
| 1996 | 24 | 21 | 6 | 8 | -- | 2 | 3 | -- | 16 | 1 | 4g | 85 | ||||
| 2000 | 25 | 18 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 21 | 1 | -- | -- | 85 | |||||
| 2004 | 25 | 21 | 8 | 6 | -- | 2 | 4 | 1 | 17 | 1 | -- | 85 | 57.1 % | |||
| 2008 | 26 | 16 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 21 | 1 | -- | 85 | 58.9 % | ||||
| 2012 | 23 | 15 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 19 | 1 | -- | 85 | 57.4 % | ||||
| 2017 | 25 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 21 | 2h | 85 | 61.8 % | |||||
| 2021 | 23 | 13 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 18 | 3i | 85 | 61.7% | |||||
| a Radical People's Party b Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders c Helsinki Movement (Ville Komsi)[3] d Democratic Helsinki Movement e Democratic Alternative (2 councilors), Citizens Movement (2 councilors) f Constitutional Right g Young Finns h Feminist Party (1 councilor), Pirate Party (1 councilor)[4] i Movement Now | ||||||||||||||||
| Source: Statistics Bureau of Finland,[5][6] Ministry of Justice,[7] & Helsinki City Statistics[2] | ||||||||||||||||
Chairmen of the City Council
edit- Leo Mechelin (1875–1878)[[[Leo Mechelin#{{{section}}}|contradictory]]]
- A. W. Liljenstrand (1877)
- J. A. Estlander (1879–1880)
- Lorenz Leonard Lindelöf (1881–1882)[8]
- M. W. af Schultén (1883–1887)[9]
- J. W. Runeberg (1888–1891)
- Leo Mechelin (1892–1899) (2nd time)
- P. K. S. Antell (1900–1903)
- Alfred Norrmén (1904–1918)
- Alexander Frey (1919–1920)
- Arthur Söderholm (1922)
- Leo Ehrnrooth (1923–1925)
- Antti Tulenheimo (1926–1928)
- Ivar Lindfors (1929–1934)
- Yrjö Harvia (1934–1936)
- Eero Rydman (1937–1944)
- Eino Tulenheimo (1945–1950)
- Konsti Järnefelt (1951)
- Lauri Aho (1952–1956)
- Teuvo Aura (1957–1968)
- Jussi Saukkonen (1969–1972)
- Pentti Poukka (1973–1979)
- Gustaf Laurent (1980)
- Harri Holkeri (1981–1987)
- Kari Rahkamo (1987–1991)
- Erkki Heikkonen (1991–1992)
- Arja Alho (1993–1994)
- Suvi Rihtniemi (1995–2000)
- Pekka Sauri (2001–2003)
- Minerva Krohn (2003–2004)
- Rakel Hiltunen (2005–2008)
- Otto Lehtipuu (2009–2011)
- Minerva Krohn (2011–2012)
- Mari Puoskari (2013–)[10]
Deputy Chairman
edit- Väinö Tanner (1929-1930)
- Johan Helo
- Pekka Railo
- Tyyne Leivo-Larsson (1948-1956)
- B. R. Nybergh (1951-1954)
- Gunnar Modeen (1954-1964)
- Yrjö Rantala (1957-1972)
- Leo Backman (1965-1967)
- Carl-Gustaf Londen (1967-1974)
- Keijo Liinamaa (1973-1976)
- Gustaf Laurent (1974-1980)[11]
- Per-Erik Förars (1977-1979)[11]
- Arvo Salo (1979-1980)
- Grels Teir
- Jyrki Lohi (1989-1992)
- Ulla Gyllenberg (1989-1992)
- Outi Ojala (1993-1994)
- Erkki Heikkonen (1993-1995)
- Ulla Gyllenberg (1994-1998)
- Per-Erik Förars (1995-1996)
- Tuula Haatainen (1997-2000)
- Tuija Brax (1998-2000)
- Hannele Luukkainen (2000)
- Suvi Rihtniemi (2001-2004)
- Arto Bryggare (2001-2004)
- Harry Bogomoloff (2005-)
- Minerva Krohn (2005-2008)
- Rakel Hiltunen (2009–2012)
- Sara Paavolainen (2013–)
City Manager
editThe City Manager of Helsinki was appointed by the Council. The last holder of the post was Jussi Pajunen. He was appointed for two 7-year terms, starting 1 June 2005. Pajunen was a member of the Council for 8 years, and was the chairman of the city board in 2003–2005. According to local media, the three biggest parties in the council had agreed in the wake of the October 2004 municipal election that the mayor's seat would go to the National Coalition Party.[citation needed] The position of City Manager was abolished in June 2017 and the position of Mayor was created.
List of city managers of Helsinki
edit| Image | City Manager | Term | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Arthur Castrén | 1921–1930 | Young Finnish Party |
 |
Antti Tulenheimo | 1931–1944 | National Coalition Party |
 |
Eero Rydman | 1944–1956 | National Progressive Party |
.jpg) |
Lauri Aho | 1956–1968 | National Coalition Party |
.jpg) |
Teuvo Aura | 1968–1979 | Liberal People's Party |
.jpg) |
Raimo Ilaskivi | 1979–1991 | National Coalition Party |
 |
Kari Rahkamo | 1991–1996 | National Coalition Party |
.jpg) |
Eva-Riitta Siitonen | 1996–2005 | National Coalition Party |
 |
Jussi Pajunen | 2005–2017 | National Coalition Party |
Mayor
editThe position of Mayor of Helsinki was created when the position of City Manager of Helsinki was abolished in June 2017. The incumbent mayor of Helsinki is Juhana Vartiainen. Vapaavuori has been a Helsinki City Council member in the years 1997-2007 and 2017-. Vapaavuori started his term on 7 June 2017.
List of mayors of Helsinki
edit| Image | Mayor | Term | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Jan Vapaavuori | 2017–2021 | National Coalition Party |
 |
Juhana Vartiainen | 2021- | National Coalition Party |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "City Council". Helsingin kaupunki. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
- ^ a b Finnish municipal elections, Helsingissä vuonna 2008 Statistics 2008, 43 Helsinki City Statistics
- ^ Historiia Helsingin Vihreät 29 June 2007
- ^ Kunnallisvaalien vaalitulos puolueittain ja muutokset verrattuna edellisiin vaaleihin / Helsinki Archived August 27, 2002, at the Wayback Machine (Oikeusministeriö)
- ^ 29 B, 3-4 (Statistics Bureau) (years 1968-1972); Tilastokeskuksen PX-Web-tietokannat: Finnish municipal elections, 1976-2004 Archived 2012-05-26 at archive.today (Statistics 2008) (years 1976-2004)
- ^ Finnish municipal elections, 1988 (Statistics 1989), s. 36–37, 178.
- ^ Finnish municipal elections, 1996 (Minister of Justice 1997) Finnish municipal elections, 2000 (Minister of Justice 2000); Finnish municipal elections, 2004 (Minister of Justice 2004); Finnish municipal elections, 2008 (Minister of Justice 30.10.2008); Finnish municipal elections, 2012 (Minister of Justice 1.11.2012); Finnish municipal elections, 2017 (Minister of Justice 13.4.2017); 2021 Finnish municipal elections (Ministry of Justice 2021)
- ^ "Adliga ätten nr 260 LINDELÖF". Archived from the original on 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2016-01-10.
- ^ "Jälkeläistaulut – Schultén af, Maximus Widekind". Archived from the original on 2009-08-27. Retrieved 2016-01-10.
- ^ "Mari Puoskari Helsingin valtuuston puheenjohtajaksi, Emma Kari vihreän valtuustoryhmän johtoon". Helsingin Vihreät. 3 December 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
- ^ a b Kukkiva asfaltti, hiukan nostalginen albumi (2001, Pentti Poukka)