Criterion Games is a British video game developer based in Guildford. Founded in January 1996 as a division of Criterion Software, it was owned by Canon Inc. until Criterion Software was sold to Electronic Arts in October 2004. Many of the studio's titles were built on the RenderWare engine, which Criterion Software developed.
 | |
| Formerly | Criterion Studios |
|---|---|
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Industry | Video games |
| Founded | January 1996 |
| Headquarters | , England |
| Products | |
Number of employees | ≈90 (2017) |
| Parent |
|
| Subsidiaries | Criterion Cheshire |
| Website | www |
Notable games developed by Criterion include entries in the Burnout and Need for Speed series of racing games. As of April 2017, Criterion Games employ approximately 90 people.[1]
History
editBackground and foundation (1993–1996)
editDavid Lau-Kee, the founder and leader of Canon Inc.'s European research arm, established Criterion Software as a wholly owned subsidiary of Canon in December 1993 and assumed the managing director role for it. At the time, Canon was seeking to establish a multimedia tool development business, while Lau-Kee had been working on interactive 2D image processing techniques and was looking to extend this to 3D image processing and, in turn, "out-and-out" 3D graphics.[2][3] Adam Billyard, who served as its chief technology officer, is also credited as a co-founder.[4]
Criterion Software's 3D texture mapping and rendering programme, RenderWare, was first released in 1993 as a software library for the C programming language and was adopted by 800 companies worldwide by October 1996. The firm also provided a demo game, CyberStreet, while fully-fledged games were developed by companies like 47Tek. Meanwhile, competitor Argonaut Software developed full games—including FX Fighter and Alien Odyssey–to showcase its BRender technology.[2] In response, Criterion Software hired new staff in 1995 to establish a dedicated game development division. To support this expansion, Criterion Software moved to new offices within Guildford in late 1995. The division, Criterion Studios, was established in January 1996 and announced the month thereafter, at the time employing 25 people.[2][5] The headcount expanded to around 35 by October.[2]
RenderWare was thereafter gradually retooled as a game development programme, with its third iteration, released in 2000, first providing full game engine capabilities. The first game to use this version was Burnout, which Criterion Studios developed in tandem. Publishing rights to the game were sold to Acclaim Entertainment, while Criterion Studios retained the intellectual property to the brand and technology. Acclaim published Burnout (2000) and its sequel, Burnout 2: Point of Impact (2002), which accumulated around 2 million sales. Despite this, Acclaim lacked the resources to market them in the United States, its home territory, leading to poor sales in the country. At the same time, Criterion Studios (now named Criterion Games) was frequently approached by Electronic Arts (EA), which eventually signed with Criterion Games for the third release in the series, Burnout 3: Takedown (2004).[3]
Sale to Electronic Arts (2004–2014)
editIn July 2004, EA announced that it had reached an agreement with Canon's European arm, Canon Europe, to acquire all of the Criterion Software group, including Criterion Games.[6] The deal was finalised on 19 October 2004, with EA paying US$68 million.[7] After the purchase, both Criterion and Electronic Arts declared that RenderWare would continue to be made available to third-party customers. However, some clients decided it was too risky to rely on technology owned by a competitor. Electronic Arts has since withdrawn RenderWare from the commercial middleware market, although remnants are still used by internal developers. In mid-2006, the company closed its Derby satellite office, making all of its programmers and support staff redundant.
In early March 2007, Electronic Arts combined its Chertsey-based UK development studio and Criterion Games into a new building in central Guildford. Integration of the teams did not occur and the location housed two very separate development studios: Criterion Games and EA Bright Light before Bright Light was shut permanently in 2011.[8] In November 2007, co-founder and CEO David Lau-Kee made the decision to leave Electronic Arts to concentrate on advisory activities within the games industry.[9] Adam Billyard also left Electronic Arts as CTO of EATech in 2007 to pursue other projects.[10]
On 14 June 2010, Criterion announced that Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit was set for release in November 2010.[11] The software utilises a new game engine named Chameleon.[12] On 1 June 2012, Electronic Arts announced Criterion's second Need for Speed title, Need for Speed: Most Wanted, which was released on 30 October 2012.[13] At Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012, Criterion Games announced that it had taken sole ownership of the Need for Speed franchise.[14]
On 28 April 2013, Alex Ward announced via Twitter that the studio is planning to steer away from its tradition of developing racing games and is instead focusing on other genres for future projects.[15] On 13 September 2013, Criterion elected to cut its staff numbers to 17 people total, as 80% (70 people) of the studio moved over to Ghost Games UK to work with Need for Speed games.[16][17]
Providing additional support (2014–present)
editOn 3 January 2014, it was announced that Alex Ward and Fiona Sperry left Criterion to found a new studio,[18] Three Fields Entertainment. Their first game Dangerous Golf, slated for release in May 2016, combined ideas from Burnout and Black and is to lead them through a spiritual successor to Burnout.[19] At the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2014, the company announced a new racing project. However, the project was cancelled as Criterion is now focusing on providing additional support to other EA studios in creating future Star Wars games. Criterion worked on Star Wars Battlefront: X-Wing VR Mission, a new virtual reality mission for Star Wars Battlefront;[20] the company would return to do additional work for the 2017 sequel.[21]
In June 2015, news site Nintendo Life revealed that in early 2011 Nintendo of Europe approached Criterion to work on a pitch for a new F-Zero game which they hoped to unveil at E3 that same year alongside the then-unreleased Wii U console, and potentially release the game during the console's launch period. However, the developer was unable to handle the pitch as, at the time, they devoted much of their resources into the development of Need for Speed: Most Wanted for multiple platforms. The site was tipped by an anonymous, yet "reliable" source, but they had confirmed this information when Criterion co-founder Alex Ward (who left the company in 2014) admitted that Nintendo of Europe did indeed approach the company for a potential F-Zero game on the Wii U.[22] Alex Ward also noted on Twitter that Criterion was also offered the opportunity to work on the first Forza, Mad Max, a Vauxhall only racer, a Command & Conquer first-person shooter and a Gone in 60 Seconds game.[23]
In 2018, EA announced that Battlefield V would have a battle royale mode and would be developed by Criterion.[24] Following the release of the mode (later revealed to be called Firestorm), development was halted soon after with the mode considered a failure by fans. In 2020, Criterion was announced to return as the main developer of the Need for Speed series,[25] but work on the title was put on hold as Criterion was assigned to do additional work, including vehicular gameplay, on the next Battlefield game in March 2021.[26] The aforementioned game, Battlefield 2042, was released on 19 November 2021.
In May 2022, EA merged Codemasters subsidiary Codemasters Cheshire into Criterion Games to support efforts on the Need for Speed series as the two companies were already working together on a new title in the series for months.[27] On 6 October 2022, the project was revealed to be Need for Speed Unbound, which utilises DICE's proprietary Frostbite engine. Unbound was released on 2 December 2022, following which five senior members of Criterion announced their departures from the studio, including the current studio GM, Matt Webster.[28] They created Fuse Games in 2023 [29]
While Criterion was originally placed within EA Sports following EA's restructuring in early 2023, EA moved Criterion into EA Entertainment in September 2023 as to support the development of the Battlefield series. The studio will still continue to build the Need for Speed games.[30]
Games developed
edit| Year | Title | Platform(s) | Publisher(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | Scorched Planet | Microsoft Windows | Virgin Interactive | — |
| 1997 | Speedboat Attack | Telstar Electronic Studios | ||
| Sub Culture | Ubisoft | |||
| 1998 | Redline Racer | Dreamcast, Microsoft Windows | ||
| 1999 | TrickStyle | Acclaim Entertainment | ||
| 2000 | Deep Fighter | Ubisoft | ||
| 2001 | AirBlade | PlayStation 2 | SCEE (Europe) Namco (North America) | |
| Burnout | GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox | Acclaim Entertainment | ||
| 2002 | Burnout 2: Point of Impact | |||
| 2004 | Burnout 3: Takedown | PlayStation 2, Xbox | Electronic Arts | |
| 2005 | Burnout Legends | PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS | Ported to Nintendo DS by Visual Impact | |
| Burnout Revenge | PlayStation 2, Xbox, Xbox 360 | — | ||
| 2006 | Black | PlayStation 2, Xbox | ||
| 2008 | Burnout Paradise | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | ||
| 2010 | Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii | Assisted by DICE; Wii version developed by Exient Entertainment | |
| 2011 | Burnout Crash! | iOS, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — | |
| 2012 | Need for Speed: Most Wanted | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, Wii U, Xbox 360 | ||
| 2013 | Need for Speed Rivals | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One | Collaboration with Ghost Games[31] | |
| 2015 | Need For Speed | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One | Additional work | |
| 2016 | Battlefield 1 | |||
| Star Wars Battlefront – Rogue One: X-Wing VR Mission | PlayStation 4 | — | ||
| 2017 | Star Wars Battlefront II | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One | Additional work | |
| 2018 | Battlefield V | Firestorm mode[32] | ||
| 2019 | Need For Speed Heat | Took over post-launch development from Ghost Games in February 2020 | ||
| 2021 | Battlefield 2042 | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S | Additional work[33] | |
| 2022 | Need for Speed Unbound | Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | — | |
| TBA | Unannounced Battlefield game | — | Additional work |
Accolades
editGamesIndustry.biz named Criterion Games among the "best places to work in the UK video games industry" in the "Best Mid-sized Companies" category in 2017, 2018, and 2019.[34][35][36]
References
edit- ^ Grubb, Jeff (17 April 2017). "PSVR X-Wing Mission studio Criterion is working on Star Wars: Battlefront II". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
- ^ a b c d "ng alphas: Criterion Studios". Next Generation. No. 22. Imagine Publishing. October 1996. pp. 130–134.
- ^ a b Gibson, Nick (August 2008). "IP Profile: Burnout". Develop. No. 86. Intent Media. pp. 20–21. Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Nunneley, Stephany (29 May 2012). "Criterion co-founder Adam Billyard joins PlayJam". VG247. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "Criterion Software forms 3D games division". Criterion Studios. February 1996. Archived from the original on 8 October 1997.
- ^ Guth, Robert A. (29 July 2004). "Electronic Arts Agrees to Acquire Criterion Software". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "Electronic Arts Inc. – Notice of 2005 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement and 2005 Annual Report" (PDF). Electronic Arts. 28 July 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "EA switches off Bright Light studio". MCV/Develop. 5 January 2012. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
- ^ "David Lau-Kee Joins Unity Technologies". Unity. 12 January 2009. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
- ^ "Criterion Co-Founder becomes PlayJam CTO". Gamasutra. 29 May 2012. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ "Electronic Arts revs up new Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit". GameSpot. 14 June 2010. Archived from the original on 27 August 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
- ^ "Tech Interview: Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit". Eurogamer. 31 July 2010. Archived from the original on 4 September 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
- ^ "Most Wanted is out today". Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
- ^ "Criterion Takes Over Entire Need For Speed Series". Game Informer. 22 June 2012. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
- ^ "Criterion Games not planning new a 'Need For Speed' or 'Burnout'". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
- ^ "Criterion Games staff reduced to 17 as 60-65 people move over to Ghost Games". VG247.com. 14 September 2013. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
- ^ Scamell, David. "The Ghost Of Criterion's past". Archived from the original on 21 October 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
- ^ Crecente, Brian (3 January 2014). "Co-founders of Criterion Games, creators of Burnout, leave studio [update]". Polygon. Vox Media. Archived from the original on 12 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ^ Wawro, Alex (26 January 2016). "'You've got to make something that you love' - Designing Dangerous Golf". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ Makuch, Eddie (21 June 2016). "Burnout Dev's Extreme Sports Game Canceled and Here's Why". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ^ Sarkar, Samit (29 March 2017). "Star Wars Battlefront 2 officially announced". Polygon. Archived from the original on 13 September 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Robertson, Liam (23 June 2015). "Exclusive: We Almost Got A Wii U F-Zero Created By Burnout Studio Criterion". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on 23 June 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
- ^ Phillips, Tom (23 June 2015). "Nintendo asked Burnout dev to make Wii U F-Zero". Eurogamer. Gamer Network. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
- ^ Phillips, Tom (7 September 2018). "Criterion making Battlefield 5's battle royale mode". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
- ^ Dring, Christopher (12 February 2020). "EA will move Need for Speed development back to Criterion". gamesindustry.biz. Archived from the original on 7 June 2020. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
- ^ Good, Owen S. (1 March 2021). "EA delays new Need for Speed, shifts Criterion to support Battlefield 6". Polygon. Archived from the original on 3 September 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
- ^ Subhan, Ishraq (12 May 2022). "EA merges Criterion and Codemasters Cheshire to work on Need For Speed". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 15 June 2022. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
- ^ Dring, Christopher (16 December 2022). "Five Criterion veterans depart after Need for Speed Unbound launch". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 17 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ "Former Criterion leaders set-up new AAA games studio Fuse Games". GamesIndustry.biz. 16 March 2023. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ^ "Criterion joins EA Entertainment to focus on Battlefield development". Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ Mejia, Ozzie (19 June 2013). "Criterion staff assisting Ghost Games with Need For Speed: Rivals". Shacknews. Archived from the original on 21 July 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Khan, Imran (6 September 2018). "First Battlefield V Battle Royale Details, Criterion Developing". Game Informer. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Good, Owen S. (1 March 2021). "EA delays new Need for Speed, shifts Criterion to support Battlefield 6". Polygon. Archived from the original on 3 September 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "Revealed: The Best Places To Work in the UK games industry – Best Mid-sized Companies". GamesIndustry.biz. 2017. Archived from the original on 17 June 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "Secrets from the Best Places To Work Awards winners 2018 – Best Mid-sized Companies". GamesIndustry.biz. 2018. Archived from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ "Meet the best places to work in the UK video games industry – Best Mid-sized Companies". GamesIndustry.biz. 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2020.