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Düsseldorf Airport

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Düsseldorf Airport (German: Flughafen Düsseldorf, pronounced [ˌfluːkhaːfn̩ ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf]) (IATA: DUS, ICAO: EDDL), known as Düsseldorf International Airport until March 2013, is an international airport serving Düsseldorf, the capital of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi; 3.8 nmi) north of downtown Düsseldorf and some 20 kilometres (12 mi; 11 nmi) southwest of Essen in the Rhine-Ruhr area, Germany's largest metropolitan area.

Düsseldorf Airport

Flughafen Düsseldorf
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorFlughafen Düsseldorf GmbH
ServesRhine-Ruhr
LocationLohausen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Opened19 April 1927; 97 years ago (1927-04-19)
Operating base for
Elevation AMSL44.8 m / 147 ft
Coordinates51°17′22″N 6°46′00″E / 51.28944°N 6.76667°E / 51.28944; 6.76667
Websitewww.dus.com/en
Map
DUS/EDDL is located in North Rhine-Westphalia
DUS/EDDL
DUS/EDDL
Location in North Rhine-Westphalia
DUS/EDDL is located in Germany
DUS/EDDL
DUS/EDDL
DUS/EDDL (Germany)
DUS/EDDL is located in Europe
DUS/EDDL
DUS/EDDL
DUS/EDDL (Europe)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05R/23L 3,000 9,843 Concrete
05L/23R 2,700 8,859 Concrete
Statistics (2022)
PassengersIncrease 16,071,936
Aircraft movementsIncrease 140,598
Cargo (metric tons)Increase 23,707
Sources: Flughafenverband ADV,[1]
AIP at German air traffic control.[2]

Düsseldorf is the fourth-busiest airport in Germany and handled 16 million passengers in 2022.[3] It is a hub for Eurowings and a focus city for several more airlines. The airport has three passenger terminals and two runways and can handle wide-body aircraft up to the Airbus A380.[4]

Overview

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Usage

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Düsseldorf Airport is the largest and primary airport for the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region – the largest metropolitan region in Germany and among the largest metropolitan areas in the world.[5] The airport is located in Düsseldorf-Lohausen. The largest nearby business centres are Düsseldorf and Essen; other cities within a 20-kilometre (12 mi) radius are Duisburg, Krefeld, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Neuss, and Wuppertal. The airport extends over a compact 6.13 square kilometres (2.37 sq mi) of land – small in comparison to airports of a similar capacity, but also a reason for Düsseldorf being known as an airport of short distances.[clarification needed] The airport has more than 18,200 employees.

With around 16 million passengers passing through in 2022,[6] the airport was the fourth busiest in Germany, after Frankfurt Airport, Munich Airport and Berlin Brandenburg Airport. It was the 31st-busiest airport in Europe in 2022.

Ownership

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The city of Düsseldorf owns half the airport, with the other half owned by various commercial entities. Düsseldorf Airport is a public–private partnership with the following owners:

History

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Early years

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An Alitalia Caravelle at Düsseldorf Airport in 1973

The current airport was opened on 19 April 1927, after two years of construction. The first international route was inaugurated by SABENA in 1929 between Brussels, Antwerp, Düsseldorf and Hamburg.[7]

At the beginning of World War II, civil use of the airport ceased in September 1939 and the airfield was used by the military.[7] After the end of the war, the airport reopened for civil use in 1948. With the area under British administration, the first international flights were operated by British European Airways to London.[7]

Since 1950, the airport is owned by a state-owned operations company.[7]

On 1 April 1955, Lufthansa started services between Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, and Munich,[7] which still exist today. In 1959, the first scheduled jet aircraft landed in Düsseldorf on Scandinavian Airlines' Copenhagen-Khartoum route.[7] In 1961, LTU relocated its home base from Cologne Bonn Airport and in the same year, Düsseldorf Airport handled more than one million passengers for the first time.[7]

In 1969, the main runway was lengthened to 3000 metres while a new second terminal was under construction.[7] The new Terminal 2, which is today's Terminal B, opened in April 1973.[7] Another addition, today's Terminal A, was opened in 1977[7] while the last annex, Terminal C, opened in 1986.[7]

Düsseldorf Airport fire

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Reconstruction in progress in 1999 after the Düsseldorf Airport fire

On 11 April 1996, the Düsseldorf Airport fire, which is the worst structural airport fire worldwide to date, broke out. It was caused by welding work on an elevated road in front of Terminal A above its arrivals area. Insufficient structural fire protection allowed the fire and especially the smoke to spread fast, destroying large parts of the passenger areas of the airport. Seventeen people died, mostly due to smoke inhalation, with many more hospitalised. At the time, the fire was the biggest public disaster in the history of North Rhine-Westphalia. Damage to the airport was estimated to be in the hundreds of millions; Terminals A and B had to be completely reconstructed. While repairs were ongoing, passengers were housed in big tents.[8]

In November 1997, Terminal C was completely redeveloped, with three lightweight construction halls serving as departure areas. Also in 1997 construction began on the new inter-city railway station at the eastern edge of the airport. In 1998 the rebuilt Terminal A was reopened and the airport changed its name from "Rhine Ruhr Airport" to "Düsseldorf International". Reconstruction of the central building and Terminal B began in the same year.[9]

Development since the 2000s

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Several LTU Airbus A330-300s at their Düsseldorf base in 2003

The first construction stage in the "Airport 2000+" programme commenced in 1998 with the laying of a foundation stone for an underground parking garage under the new terminal.[10]

The new Düsseldorf Airport station was opened in May 2000, with a capacity of 300 train departures daily. 16 million passengers used the airport that year; Düsseldorf is now the third-biggest airport in Germany. The new departures hall and Terminal B were opened in July 2001 after 2½ years of construction time; the rebuilt Gebäude Ost (East Building) was reopened.

In 2002, the inter-terminal shuttle bus service was replaced by the suspended monorail called the SkyTrain connecting the terminal building with the InterCity train station. The monorail travels the 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) between the terminal and station at a maximum speed of 50 kilometres per hour (31 mph). The system was developed by Siemens and is based on the similar H-Bahn operating with two lines on the Dortmund university campus.

On 12 November 2006, the first Airbus A380 landed in Düsseldorf as part of a Lufthansa promotional flight.

In March 2013, the Airport received a new corporate design and dropped the phrase International from its official name.[11]

In January 2015, Emirates announced it would schedule the Airbus A380 on one of their two daily flights from Dubai to Düsseldorf starting in July 2015.[12] In May 2015, the airport finished construction of the new facilities needed to handle the A380, including a parking position with three jet-bridges, widened taxiways and new ground handling equipment.[4]

In June 2015, Lufthansa announced the closure of its long-haul base at Düsseldorf Airport for economic reasons by October 2015. The base consisted of two Airbus A340-300s which served Newark and Chicago-O'Hare. Newark remained a year-round service which is operated in a W-pattern from Munich Airport (Munich - Newark - Düsseldorf - Newark - Munich) while the Chicago service was suspended for the winter 2015/2016 season.[13] A few months later, Lufthansa announced the cancellation of the Düsseldorf-Chicago route.[14] The same route was served by American Airlines during the summer seasons from 2013[15] to 2016, when it was discontinued.[16]

In January 2017, the airport's largest hub operator Air Berlin announced a massive downsizing of its operations due to restructuring measures. While some leisure routes were handed to Niki more than a dozen destinations were cancelled entirely.[17] In August 2017, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all long-haul routes from Düsseldorf to destinations in the Caribbean on short notice due to ongoing bankruptcy proceedings.[18] However, both Condor and Eurowings announced it would step in and start some of the terminated Caribbean destinations by themselves.[19][20] Shortly after, Air Berlin also announced the termination of all remaining long-haul operations leading to the loss of several connections to the United States at Düsseldorf Airport.[21] On 9 October 2017, Air Berlin announced the termination of all of its own operations, excluding wet leases, by the end of the month[22][23] leading to the loss of one of the airport's largest customers.

In February 2018, Eurowings announced the relocation of all long-haul routes currently served from Cologne Bonn Airport to Düsseldorf by late October 2018 to strengthen its presence there.[24]

In March 2018, Lufthansa announced it would close its base at Düsseldorf Airport after the 2018/2019 winter schedule which ended in March 2019. When the single remaining long-haul route to Newark was taken over by Eurowings, 400 staff members were offered a relocation to either Frankfurt Airport or Munich Airport.[25][26] In November 2018, Ryanair also announced they would close their base in Düsseldorf after only a year. Its routes were taken over by Lauda.[27]

In August 2020, Delta Air Lines removed the Atlanta route from their schedule due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[28] It started resuming its three-times-weekly service to and from Atlanta on May 9, 2023, albeit making the route to Düsseldorf summer seasonal only, therefore leaving the airport without any transatlantic connection in the winter season.[29]

Shortly after Delta Air Lines suspended its Atlanta route, Ryanair announced the closure of its base in Düsseldorf — which was operated on a wetlease basis by Lauda — by 24 October 2020.[30] In September 2020, Singapore Airlines permanently removed the route to Singapore from their schedule.[31]

In the autumn of 2022, German airline Sundair drastically reduced its operations from Düsseldorf, leaving a single route to Beirut. The two previously based aircraft were relocated. In January 2023 it became public that Sundair would not return to Düsseldorf in the summer season of 2023 with any flight, eradicating its former base from the network.[32][33] Just five months after resuming the previously long-standing route to Atlanta, Delta Air Lines announced in September 2023 that it would not return to Düsseldorf in the 2024 summer season,[34] leaving Düsseldorf without scheduled transatlantic flights.[citation needed]

Facilities

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Airport Map
 
Terminal buildings
 
Main check-in hall
 
Control tower

Terminals

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Düsseldorf Airport has three terminals connected by a central spine, even though the terminals are essentially concourses within a single terminal building. The current terminal buildings are capable of handling up to 22 million passengers per year.

Terminal A

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Terminal A was opened in 1977 and has 16 gates (A01–A16) used by Lufthansa and Eurowings, its airline partners and Star Alliance members, Austrian Airlines, Croatia Airlines, LOT Polish Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, TAP Air Portugal, and Swiss International Air Lines. Terminal A houses two Lufthansa lounges. It was refurbished fundamentally for two years after the 1996 fire.

Terminal B

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Terminal B was originally inaugurated in 1973 and has 11 gates (B01–B11) used for domestic and EU flights by a few Star Alliance members such as Aegean Airlines, but mainly by SkyTeam and Oneworld members like Air France, British Airways, KLM, Finnair, Iberia and ITA Airways. Also located within this terminal are leisure carriers such as TUIfly and Condor. Terminal B houses an observation deck, which got shut down after the COVID-19 outbreak due to economic reasons,[35] and one contract lounge [36] After the fire in 1996, the whole terminal building was torn down and reconstructed. It was reopened in 2001.

Terminal C

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Terminal C was opened in 1986 and has 8 gates (C01–C08) used exclusively for non-Schengen flights by non-Star Alliance airlines (except Turkish Airlines). These are long-haul flights – among others – by Emirates and Etihad Airways. Terminal C has a direct access to Airport City's Maritim Hotel, part of a German hotel chain, and houses lounges operated by the airport and Emirates. Terminal C was the least affected terminal after the fire in 1996, reopening the same year after intensive maintenance work. Thus it was the only usable Terminal at Düsseldorf Airport for a couple of years. Terminal C features the airport's only parking position equipped with three jet-bridges to handle the Airbus A380.[12]

Executive Terminal

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Jet Aviation operates a small terminal solely for private and corporate customers.

Runways and apron

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Düsseldorf has two runways, which are 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) and 2,700 metres (8,858 ft) long. There are plans to extend the 3,000-metre (9,843 ft) runway to 3,600 metres (11,811 ft), but the town of Ratingen has been blocking the expansion, as it lies within the approach path of the runway. 107 aircraft parking positions are available on the aprons.

Airport City

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Since 2003, an area of 23 hectares (57 acres) southwest of the airport terminal has been under redevelopment as Düsseldorf Airport City with an anticipated gross floor area of 250,000 square metres (2,700,000 sq ft) to be completed by 2016. Already based at Düsseldorf Airport City are corporate offices of Siemens and VDI, a large Porsche centre and showroom, a Maritim Hotel,[37] and a Sheraton Hotel. Messe Düsseldorf is situated in close proximity to Düsseldorf Airport City (some 500 m or 1,600 ft).

Airlines and destinations

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Passenger

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The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Düsseldorf Airport:

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens, Thessaloniki
Aer Lingus Dublin
Air Albania Seasonal: Tirana[38]
Air Anka Seasonal charter: Antalya[39]
Air Cairo Hurghada, Marsa Alam, Sharm El Sheikh
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle[40]
Air Serbia Belgrade[41]
airBaltic Riga, Vilnius[42]
AJet Ankara,[43] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[44]
Seasonal: Antalya[45]
Austrian Airlines Vienna[46]
British Airways London–Heathrow[47]
Condor[48][49] Agadir,[50] Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria,[51] Hurghada,[52] Lanzarote, La Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife–South[53]
Seasonal: Antalya, Beirut,[54] Chania, Corfu, Faro, Heraklion, Ibiza,[55] Jerez de la Frontera, Kos, Lamezia Terme, Málaga,[56] Olbia, Preveza/Lefkada, Rhodes, Samos, Split, Zakynthos
Seasonal charter: Barbados,[57] Fort-de-France,[57] Genoa (begins 4 May 2025),[58] Montego Bay,[57] Pristina
Corendon Airlines[59] Antalya, Fuerteventura,[60] Gran Canaria,[60] Hurghada, Kayseri, Tenerife–South,[60] Zonguldak[61]
Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[62] Ankara, Corfu, Fés,[63] Heraklion, İzmir, Kos, Lanzarote, Marsa Alam, Rhodes, Samsun
Croatia Airlines Seasonal: Split[64]
Egyptair Cairo[65]
easyJet Edinburgh (begins 2 May 2025),[66] London–Gatwick (begins 30 March 2025),[66] Nice (begins 24 June 2025)[66]
Emirates Dubai–International[67]
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi[68][69][70]
Eurowings[71] Agadir, Alicante, Athens, Barcelona, Beirut, Bergamo, Berlin, Bilbao, Birmingham, Bologna, Bucharest–Otopeni, Budapest, Cairo,[72] Catania, Copenhagen, Dresden, Edinburgh, Erbil, Faro, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Geneva, Gothenburg, Gran Canaria, Graz, Hamburg, Ibiza, Jerez de la Frontera, Kraków, Lanzarote, Larnaca, Leipzig/Halle,[73] Lisbon, London–Heathrow, Lyon, Málaga, Malta,[74] Manchester, Marsa Alam,[75] Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Naples, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Porto, Prague, Pristina, Rome–Fiumicino, Salzburg, Sofia, Split, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sylt, Tel Aviv,[74] Tenerife–South, Thessaloniki, Tirana, Tromsø, Valencia, Venice, Vienna, Yerevan,[76] Zagreb, Zürich
Seasonal: Adana/Mersin[77][78] Bari, Bastia, Belgrade, Bergen, Brindisi, Burgas, Cagliari, Casablanca, Chania, Corfu, Dublin, Dubrovnik, Florence,[79] Gdańsk, Heraklion, Iași,[79] Ivalo,[80] Izmir, Jersey, Kalamata, Kavala, Kiruna,[71] Kittilä,[81] Kütahya, Kuusamo,[80] Lamezia Terme, La Palma, Marrakesh, Marseille, Menorca, Monastir, Mykonos, Nador, Newquay, Olbia, Oslo,[82] Palermo, Pula, Reykjavík–Keflávik, Rijeka, Rhodes, Rovaniemi, Samos, Samsun,[77] Santorini, Tangier,[74] Tbilisi, Tivat, Varna, Verona, Volos, Zadar, Zakynthos
Finnair Helsinki[83]
FlyErbil Erbil, Sulaimaniyah
FlyOne Chișinău[84]
FlyOne Armenia Seasonal: Yerevan
Freebird Airlines Seasonal: Antalya, Hurghada[85]
HiSky Chișinău[86]
Iberia Madrid[87]
Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Erbil[88]
ITA Airways Milan–Linate[89]
KLM Amsterdam[90]
KM Malta Airlines Malta[91]
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Middle East Airlines Beirut
Norwegian Air Shuttle Oslo
Nouvelair Djerba, Monastir, Tunis
Pegasus Airlines Ankara, Gaziantep, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, Izmir, Kayseri, Samsun, Trabzon
Seasonal: Antalya, Ordu/Giresun[92]
Play Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflávik[93]
Qatar Airways Doha[94]
Royal Air Maroc Seasonal: Nador, Oujda[95]
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia[96]
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen, Oslo
SkyAlps Bolzano, Linz[97]
Sky Express Athens[98]
SunExpress[99] Adana/Mersin,[100] Ankara, Antalya, Bursa (begins 30 March 2025),[101] Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Erzurum (begins 4 June 2025),[101] Gaziantep, Izmir, Kayseri, Samsun, Trabzon
Seasonal: Bodrum, Dalaman, Edremit, Eskişehir, Konya, Kütahya, Malatya,[102] Ordu/Giresun, Zonguldak[103]
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich[104]
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon
TUI fly Deutschland[105] Boa Vista, Dakar–Diass,[106][107] Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Marsa Alam, Sal, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Corfu, Dalaman, Enfidha,[108] Faro, Funchal, Heraklion, Ibiza, Jerez de la Frontera, Kos, Larnaca, Luxor,[109] Menorca, Palma de Mallorca, Patras, Rhodes
Tunisair Djerba, Monastir, Tunis
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[110] Ankara, Antalya, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Izmir, Kayseri, Ordu/Giresun, Samsun, Trabzon
TUS Airways Tel Aviv[111]
Volotea Seasonal: Bordeaux[112]
Vueling Barcelona[113]

Cargo

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AirlinesDestinations
FedEx Express[114] Paris–Charles de Gaulle

Statistics

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Passengers and freight

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Passengers Movements Freight (in t)
2000 16.03 million 194,016 59,361
2001   15.40 million   193,514   51,441
2002   14.75 million   190,300   46,085
2003   14.30 million   186,159   48,419
2004   15.26 million   200,584   86,267
2005   15.51 million   200,619   88,058
2006   16.59 million   215,481   97,000
2007   17.83 million   227,899   89,281
2008   18.15 million   228,531   90,100
2009   17.79 million   214,024   76,916
2010   18.98 million   215,540   87,995
2011   20.39 million   221,668   81,521
2012   20.80 million   210,298   86,820
2013   21.23 million   210,828   110,814
2014   21.85 million   210,732   114,180
2015   22.48 million   210,208   90,862
2016   23.52 million   217,575   93,689
2017   24.62 million   221,635   102,107
2018   24.28 million   218,820   75,030
2019   25.51 million   225,935
2020   6.6 million   78,805
2021   7.95 million   82,189
2022   16.07 million   140,598 Source: ADV German Airports Association[115]
2023   19.12 million   146,626 Source: ADV German Airports Association[116]

Busiest routes

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Busiest domestic and international routes
to and from Düsseldorf Airport (2018)[needs update]
Rank Destination Passengers
handled
1 Palma de Mallorca 1,495,562
2 Munich 1,419,069
3 Berlin 1,197,615
4 Istanbul 1,068,462
5 London 895,346
6 Antalya 848,617
7 Vienna 735,520
8 Zürich 732,520
9 Dubai 532,407
10 Hamburg 525,614

Source: Düsseldorf Airport[117]

Largest airlines

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Largest airlines by passengers handled (2018)[118][needs update]
Rank Airline Passengers handled
1 Eurowings/Germanwings 8.3m
2 Lufthansa 1.7m
3 Condor 1.6m
4 TUI fly Deutschland 992,000
5 SunExpress 728,000

Ground transportation

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Düsseldorf Airport station
 
Düsseldorf Airport Terminal station
 
SkyTrain

Train

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Main articles: Düsseldorf Airport Terminal station and Düsseldorf Airport station

Düsseldorf Airport has two railway stations:

Road

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The airport can be reached via its own motorway section which is part of the motorway A44 (Belgium – Kassel, Exit Düsseldorf-Flughafen) which also connects to motorways A52, A57 and A3. There are also several local bus lines connecting the airport with nearby areas and Düsseldorf city center.[119]

Other facilities

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  • Düsseldorf Airport had the headquarters of Air Berlin's technical training facilities and also served as one of their maintenance bases.[120]
  • When LTU International existed, its head office was in Halle 8 at Düsseldorf Airport.[121]
  • The corporate head office of Blue Wings was also located in Terminal A at the airport.[122][123]

Incidents and accidents

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  • On 22 December 1955, a Manx Airlines Douglas C-47 on a positioning flight crashed at DUS attempting a visual approach rather than an instrument landing system approach in low clouds. The aircraft descended too low and struck trees, crashing about three miles from the runway. All three occupants were killed.[124]
  • On 3 November 1957, a Karl Herfurtner Düsseldorf Douglas C-54 crashed into a residential area 4.5 km (2.8 mi) S of DUS after takeoff due to mismanagement of the flight by the chief pilot. There were six fatalities out of the 10 on board and one killed on the ground.[125]

See also

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  • Transport in Germany
  • Weeze Airport, an airport 80 km (50 mi) north-west from Düsseldorf, that is sometimes advertised by low-cost airlines as "Düsseldorf-Weeze" or "Weeze (Düsseldorf)". A German court ruled that naming the airport after Düsseldorf would be misleading to passengers; however, some airlines still use that name in advertisements outside Germany.

References

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  1. ^ "ADV Monthly Traffic Report 12/2022" (PDF). adv.org. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Verkehrsflughäfen e.V. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  2. ^ "AIP VFR online". dfs.de. DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  3. ^ "Die verkehrsreichsten Flughäfen Nordrhein-Westfalens: DAS sind die passagierstärksten Flughäfen Nordrhein-Westfalens". 11 February 2022. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Flughafen Düsseldorf schließt Bauarbeiten für A380 ab". Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  5. ^ "Geo". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
  6. ^ "Bis zu 23 Millionen Fluggäste: Flughafen Düsseldorf erwartet 2023 steigende Passagierzahlen". 25 November 2022.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k dus.com - "Airport history" Archived 1 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine (German) 1 November 2020
  8. ^ Frank Bürgin. "Der Flughafenbrand von Düsseldorf". youtube.com: Westdeutscher Rundfunk. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  9. ^ "Terminalerweiterung am Flughafen Düsseldorf in Betrieb genommen". baunetz.de. 2 July 2001. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  10. ^ gbm-essen.de retrieved 1 November 2020
  11. ^ "Willkommen bei der Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf". Duesseldorf. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
  12. ^ a b "Emirates fliegt Düsseldorf bald mit einem Airbus A380 an". airliners.de. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  13. ^ aero.de - "Lufthansa dissolves Düsseldorf long-haul base" (German) 29 June 2015
  14. ^ airlineroute.net - Lufthansa Cancels Dusseldorf – Chicago Flights in S16 2 November 2015
  15. ^ "American Airlines fliegt ab April täglich von Düsseldorf nach Chicago". 24 October 2012. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  16. ^ "American adds new International routes in S17". Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  17. ^ "Das Streckennetz der new airberlin | airberlin.com". Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  18. ^ airberlingroup.com - airberlin ends Caribbean flight schedule 11 September 2017
  19. ^ "Eurowings adds Dusseldorf - Caribbean routes in W17". Routesonline. Retrieved 25 December 2018.
  20. ^ "Even more Caribbean: Condor starts long-haul flights from Düsseldorf". condor-newsroom.condor.com. 19 September 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2018.
  21. ^ aero.de - "Air Berlin board in favor of sale to Lufthansa and easyJet" (German) 25 September 2017
  22. ^ aero.de - "Air Berlin starts descent" (German) 9 October 2017
  23. ^ "Air Berlin to End Flights Oct 28". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. 9 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  24. ^ aero.de - "Eurowings moves A330 from Cologne to Düsseldorf" Archived 14 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine (German) 1 February 2018
  25. ^ rp-online.de - "Lufthansa closes base in Düsseldorf" (German) 12 March 2018
  26. ^ nrz.de - "Lufthansa leaves Düsseldorf on 31 March 2019" (German) 22 August 2018
  27. ^ wz.de - "Ryanair leaves Düsseldorf Airport" (German) 8 November 2018
  28. ^ routesonline.com 24 August 2020
  29. ^ Delta Air Lines 23 September 2022
  30. ^ aero.de - Ryanair closes base in Düsseldorf (German) 10 September 2020
  31. ^ routesonline.com - Singapore Airlines NW20/NS21 Network adjustment as of 14SEP20 15 September 2020 Archived 19 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ "Sundair opens new routes in summer 2023" (in German). 31 January 2023.
  33. ^ "Sundair.com". www.sundair.com.
  34. ^ "DELTA CLOSES ATLANTA – DUSSELDORF BOOKINGS FOR NS24". AeroRoutes.
  35. ^ "DUS Airport announces the closure of the observation deck" (in German). Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  36. ^ "Dusseldorf International (DUS) Airport lounges".
  37. ^ Hotel Düsseldorf. "Maritim Hotel Düsseldorf". Maritim Hotels Website. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  38. ^ "Air Albania will soon expand its network". italiavola. 29 January 2022.
  39. ^ "Air Anka". www.dus.com. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  40. ^ "Air France NS24 Paris European Frequency Variations – 21JAN24". Aeroroutes.
  41. ^ "Air Serbia NS24 Frequency Variations – 25FEB24".
  42. ^ "AirBaltic NW24 Network Addition Update – 14AUG24".
  43. ^ "AJet NS24 Additional Flight Number Changes". Aeroroutes.
  44. ^ "AJet NS24 Additional Flight Number Changes". Aeroroutes.
  45. ^ "AnadoluJet Outlines Smartlynx A320/321 NS23 Operations".
  46. ^ "Austrian Airlines NW25 Systemwide Flight Number Changes – 30OCT24". Aeroroutes. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  47. ^ "British Airways NW24 Heathrow – Europe Frequency Changes – 27OCT24". Aeroroutes. Aeroroutes. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  48. ^ "Timetable". www.condor.com.
  49. ^ condor.com - Flight schedule summer 2024 (German) retrieved 8 February 2021
  50. ^ "Winter 2023-24: Condor reaktiviert Agadir-Flüge". Aviation Direct. 8 March 2023.
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