Dorylaimia

Dorylaimia is a subclass of nematodes.

Dorylaimia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Nematoda
Class:	Enoplea
Subclass:	Dorylaimia Inglis, 1983
Orders
Dioctophymida Dorylaimida Mermithida Mononchida Trichocephalida

Description

In general, members of subclass Dorylaimia exhibit a great diversity of terrestrial and freshwater species, most of which are large predators or omnivorous free-living species. Some are plant parasites, whereas others are animal parasites (Trichinellida and Mermithida). No members of the Dorylaimia are found in marine habitats. Dorylaimia bear an odontostyle, a protrusible, hollow, needlelike tooth for puncturing and emptying food items.

Taxonomy

Phylogenetic analysis of phylum Nematoda suggests three distinct basal clades, the dorylaims, enoplids, and chromadorids. These represent Clades I, II and C+S of Blaxter (1998). Of these, the first two appear to have sister clade status, allowing resolution into two classes, Enoplea and Chromadorea, and division of the former into two subclasses corresponding to Clades I and II respectively, the Enoplia and Dorylaimia. Nevertheless, the possibility remains that Dorylaimia will eventually be shown to be a distinct third class of nematodes.

Subdivision

Phylogenetic analysis has resulted in a reorganization, with, for instance, moving the Triplonchida to subclass Enoplia.

Subclass Dorylaimia is divided into the following orders;

• • Order Dioctophymatida Baylis and Daubney, 1926
  • Order Dorylaimida Pearse, 1942
  • Order Isolaimida Cobb, 1920
  • Order Marimermithida Rubtzov, 1980
  • Order Mermithida Hyman, 1951
  • Order Mononchida Jairajpuri, 1969
  • Order Muspiceida Bain and Chabaud, 1959
  • Order Trichinellida Hall, 1916

Further reading

• Lee, Donald L, ed. (2010). The biology of nematodes. London: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0415272117. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
• Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, ed. (2011). Animal biodiversity : an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Auckland, N.Z.: Magnolia Press. ISBN 978-1869778491. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
• Blaxter, Mark L.; De Ley, Paul; Garey, James R.; Liu, Leo X.; Scheldeman, Patsy; Vierstraete, Andy; Vanfleteren, Jacques R.; Mackey, Laura Y.; Dorris, Mark; Frisse, Linda M.; Vida, J. T.; Thomas, W. Kelley (5 March 1998). "A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda". Nature. 392 (6671): 71–75. doi:10.1038/32160. PMID 9510248. S2CID 4301939.
• George O. Poinar Jr. The Evolutionary History of Nematodes: As Revealed in Stone, Amber and Mummies. 2011
• Domingo Jiménez Guirado, Manuel Peralta Peralta, R. Peña Santiago. Nematoda: Mononchida, Dorylaimida I, Volume 30. 2007