Fumaria (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin fumus terrae, "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species[1] of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean region, and introduced to North, South America and Australia.[2] Fumaria species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. Fumaria indica contains the alkaloids fuyuziphine and alpha-hydrastine.[3][4] Fumaria indica may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential.[5]
| Fumaria | |
|---|---|
| |
| Fumaria officinalis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Papaveraceae |
| Subfamily: | Fumarioideae |
| Tribe: | Fumarieae |
| Subtribe: | Fumariinae |
| Genus: | Fumaria L. |
| Type species | |
| Fumaria officinalis | |
Selected species
editThere are about 50 species:[6]
- Fumaria abyssinica Hammar
- Fumaria agraria Lag.
- Fumaria ajmasiana Pau & Font Quer
- Fumaria asepala Boiss.
- Fumaria atlantica Coss. & Durieu ex Hausskn.
- Fumaria ballii Pugsley
- Fumaria barnolae Sennen & Pau
- Fumaria bastardii Boreau
- Fumaria berberica Pugsley
- Fumaria bicolor Sommier ex Nicotra
- Fumaria bracteosa Pomel
- Fumaria × burnatii Verg.
- Fumaria capitata Lidén
- Fumaria capreolata L.
- Fumaria coccinea R.T.Lowe ex Pugsley
- Fumaria daghestanica Michajlova
- Fumaria densiflora DC.
- Fumaria dubia Pugsley
- Fumaria erostrata (Pugsley) Lidén
- Fumaria faurei (Pugsley) M.Linden
- Fumaria flabellata Gasp.
- Fumaria × gagrica Michajlova
- Fumaria gaillardotii Boiss.
- Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley
- Fumaria judaica Boiss.
- Fumaria kralikii Jord.
- Fumaria macrocarpa Parl.
- Fumaria macrosepala Boiss.
- Fumaria mairei Pugsley ex Maire
- Fumaria maurorum Maire
- Fumaria melillaica Pugsley
- Fumaria microstachys Kralik ex Hausskn.
- Fumaria mirabilis Pugsley
- Fumaria montana J.A.Schmidt
- Fumaria munbyi Boiss. & Reut.
- Fumaria muralis Sond. ex W.D.J.Koch
- Fumaria normanii Pugsley
- Fumaria occidentalis Pugsley
- Fumaria officinalis L.
- Fumaria ouezzanensis Pugsley
- Fumaria parviflora Lam.
- Fumaria petteri Rchb.
- Fumaria platycarpa Lidén
- Fumaria pugsleyana (Pugsley) Lidén
- Fumaria purpurea Pugsley
- Fumaria ragusina (Pugsley) Pugsley
- Fumaria reuteri Boiss.
- Fumaria rifana Lidén
- Fumaria rostellata Knaf
- Fumaria rupestris Boiss. & Reut.
- Fumaria schleicheri Soy.-Will.
- Fumaria schrammii Velen.
- Fumaria segetalis (Hammar) Cout.
- Fumaria sepium Boiss. & Reut.
- Fumaria skottsbergii Lidén
- Fumaria vaillantii Loisel.
References
edit- ^ Murphy, R.J. (2009)b Fumitories of Britain and Ireland. BSBI Handbook No. 12. ISBN 9780901158406
- ^ Lidén, Magnus. 1986. Synopsis of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae) with a monograph of the tribe Fumarieae. Opera Botanica 88, Copenhagen, Denmark
- ^ Pandey MB, Singh AK, Singh JP, Singh VP, Pandey VB .,"Fuyuziphine, a new alkaloid from Fumaria indica." Nat Prod Res 2008 Apr 15;22(6):533-536
- ^ http://www.mycobiology.or.kr/Upload/files/MYCOBIOLOGY/35(3)%20157-158.pdf [dead link]
- ^ Rao CV, Verma AR, Gupta PK, Vijayakumar M.,"Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Fumaria indica whole plant extract in experimental animals." Acta Pharm. 2007 Dec;57(4):491-498
- ^ "Fumaria". The Plant List. Retrieved November 4, 2013.