Etrek (formerly Gyzyletrek, Bayat-Khadzhi Russian: Баят-Хаджи, Kyzyl-Atrek) is a city and administrative center of Etrek District in Balkan Province, Turkmenistan. It is located on the Atrek River (Turkmen: Etrek derýasy) bordering on Iran. The city's and district's name was changed to Etrek in December 1999 by Parliamentary Resolution HM-63.[1]
Etrek
| |
|---|---|
  Etrek Location in Turkmenistan | |
| Coordinates: 37°39′41″N 54°45′38″E / 37.66139°N 54.76056°E | |
| Country |  Turkmenistan |
| Province | Balkan Province |
| District | Etrek District |
| Elevation | 29 m (95 ft) |
| Area code | +993-242 |
Etymology
editAtanyyazow postulates that the name "Etrek" comes from the Turkic word atrau, which refers to the shore of a body of water. The name was first encountered in the 13th century, in the works of Hamdallah Qazvi.[2] Atanyyazow further makes clear that the prefix gyzyl- was added during the Soviet period as a reference to the revolutionary color "red".[3] This municipality was known as Baýat-Hajy until 1928. Atanyyazow nods to local elders who say the name honored an early resident who completed the pilgrimage to Mecca, but notes that a local tribe is also named Baýat.[4]
Overview
editNearby towns and villages include Agach-Arvat (4.8 km), Torshakli, Iran (6.3 km), Yasydepe (15.6 km), and Yarymtyk (19.4 km). There is no air service to Etrek, although there is an airport, Kizyl Atrek Airport, just to the south.[5]
Etrek is the site of a barracks of the State Border Service of Turkmenistan, and is the location of a satellite office of the State Migration Service.[6] The city and its district are included in the list of frontier areas of Turkmenistan subject to border service control.[7]
Climate
editEtrek has a desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWk), with cool winters and hot summers. Rainfall is generally light and erratic, and is heavier in winter than in summer.
| Climate data for Gyzyletrek | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.2 (52.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
23.4 (74.1) |
29.6 (85.3) |
33.9 (93.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
35.2 (95.4) |
32.0 (89.6) |
25.6 (78.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
6.5 (43.7) |
10.2 (50.4) |
16.2 (61.2) |
21.9 (71.4) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.3 (82.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
12.3 (54.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
17.2 (62.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
1.6 (34.9) |
5.3 (41.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
6.8 (44.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
11.7 (53.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 23 (0.9) |
21 (0.8) |
33 (1.3) |
21 (0.8) |
18 (0.7) |
3 (0.1) |
4 (0.2) |
5 (0.2) |
8 (0.3) |
14 (0.6) |
21 (0.8) |
23 (0.9) |
194 (7.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 7 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 49 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 73 | 71 | 66 | 60 | 56 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 70 | 77 | 66 |
| Source: NOAA (1961-1990)[8] | |||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ "ТҮРКМЕНИСТАНЫҢ ХАЛК МАСЛАХАТЫНЫҢ ЧӨЗГҮДИ ХМ—63 Балкан велаятының Гызылетрек шәхериниң ве Гызылетрек этрабының адыны үйтгетмек хакында" (PDF) (in Turkmen). Parliament of Turkmenistan. 29 December 1999. p. 32.
- ^ Atanyýazow, Soltanşa (1980). Түркменистаның Географик Атларының Дүшүндиришли Сөзлүги [Explanatory Dictionary of Geographic Names in Turkmenistan]. Ashgabat: Ылым. p. 328.
- ^ Atanyýazow, Soltanşa (1980). Түркменистаның Географик Атларының Дүшүндиришли Сөзлүги [Explanatory Dictionary of Geographic Names in Turkmenistan]. Ashgabat: Ылым. p. 127.
- ^ Atanyýazow, Soltanşa (1980). Түркменистаның Географик Атларының Дүшүндиришли Сөзлүги [Explanatory Dictionary of Geographic Names in Turkmenistan]. Ashgabat: Ылым. p. 60.
- ^ "Kizyl Atrek Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ "State Migration Service of Turkmenistan website". Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
- ^ "TÜRKMENISTANYŇ PREZIDENTINIŇ KARARY № 9126 Raýatlaryň Türkmenistanyň serhet sebitine gelmeginiň we onda bolmagynyň kadalaryny hem-de Türkmenistanyň serhet gözegçiligi zolagynda serhet düzgüniniň kadalaryny tassyklamak hakynda" (PDF) (in Turkmen). 17 October 2007.
- ^ "Climate Normals for Gyzyletrek". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
External links
edit- "Gyzyletrek" at geonames.org