Emerson Hugh De Lacy (May 9, 1910 – August 19, 1986)[1] was an American politician and socialist. He served on the Seattle City Council from 1937 to 1940 and as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1945 to 1947. He represented the First Congressional District of Washington as a Democrat.
Hugh De Lacy | |
|---|---|
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| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Washington's 1st district | |
| In office January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 | |
| Preceded by | Warren G. Magnuson |
| Succeeded by | Homer R. Jones |
| Member of the Seattle City Council | |
| In office 1937–1940 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Emerson Hugh De Lacy May 9, 1910 Seattle, Washington, U.S. |
| Died | August 19, 1986 (aged 76) Soquel, California, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Other political affiliations | Communist Party USA |
| Spouse |
|
| Children | 4 |
Early years
editDe Lacy was born in Seattle, Washington, and educated in the public schools of the Queen Anne section of Seattle. He graduated from the University of Washington with a master of arts degree in 1932.[1]
Career
editFrom 1933 to 1937, De Lacy taught English at the University of Washington.[1] He was among the professors accused of "Communistic attitudes" and was dismissed after a student, Thane Summers, volunteered in the Spanish Civil War and died in Spain.[2] De Lacy was accused of encouraging students to fight for the Spanish Republicans.[3]
De Lacy was elected to the Seattle City Council in 1937.[4] He was subsequently elected as president of the Washington Commonwealth Federation, a left-wing faction within the Washington State Democratic Party that included a number of members of the Communist Party USA.[5] He was re-elected and served on Seattle City Council until 1940.[6]
As a congressman, De Lacy often expressed controversial views that earned him a reputation of a Communist fellow traveller. He attacked Patrick J. Hurley for his support of Chiang Kai-Shek instead of supporting "the dynamic new democracy represented by the Chinese Communist Party".[7] He was the only Washington delegate at the 1940 Democratic National Convention to oppose the re-nomination of President Roosevelt, calling him a "warmonger". De Lacy spoke against conscription in 1940, but backed down and called for extending the draft in reaction to Operation Barbarossa in 1941. He also spoke in defense of prosecuted Communists such as Earl Browder and Harry Bridges.[8]
Louis Budenz named De Lacy as a covert Communist in 1948.[9] According to historian of American Communism Harvey Klehr, De Lacy was a secret member of the Communist Party USA at the time of his 1937 election.[4]
De Lacy's party membership was first publicly confirmed by the former Executive Secretary of the Washington Commonwealth Federation, Howard Costigan, who declared in sworn testimony delivered to the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1954 that he had sat with De Lacy on the governing bureau of the Seattle district of the CPUSA from 1937 to 1939.[10]
De Lacy was elected to the United States Congress in 1944, replacing fellow Democrat Warren G. Magnuson who had retired from the House to run (successfully) for United States Senate. Harvey Klehr noted that by 1944, De Lacy moderated his political views and became "once more a loyal New Dealer and won election to Congress for one term".[11] De Lacy was defeated by Republican Homer Jones in the 1946 election.
In 1947, De Lacy became editor of the Bulletin of the Machinists' Union in Seattle. From 1948 to 1950, he was state director of the Progressive Party of Ohio and was active in the 1948 presidential campaign of Henry Wallace.[11] He became a carpenter in 1951, and in 1960 he became a general building contractor. He retired from that role in 1967.[1]
De Lacy and his Washington Commonwealth Federation held monthly community fundraisers they called hootenannies.[12] They introduced folk singers Woody Guthrie, and Pete Seeger to the word when they came to visit Seattle in 1941, who went on to popularize it as term for a folk music jam.[12]
Personal life
editOn October 24, 1947, De Lacy was divorced from Betty Jorgensen.[13] In 1949, De Lacy married actress Hester Sondergaard;[14] that marriage also ended in divorce. His third wife was Dorothy Baskin to whom he was married to from 1960 until his death.[15] He had four daughters from his first marriage.[16]
Death
editOn August 19, 1986, De Lacy died in Soquel, California after battling cancer for four years.[17][16] He was buried in Home of Peace Cemetery in Santa Cruz, California.
References
edit- ^ a b c d "DELACY, Emerson Hugh, (1910 - 1986)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ^ Smith, Zachary Ramos (March 11, 2011). Radical Politics and Emotional Liberation: Thane Summers' Road to the Spanish Civil War (PDF). Washington: University of Washington. pp. 20–21.
- ^ Flessas, Nicholas K. (April 23, 2019). To the Work We Must Do: The Washington State Communist Party 1945-Beyond. p. 8.
- ^ a b Harvey Klehr, The Heyday of American Communism: The Depression Decade. New York: Basic Books, 1984; pg. 256.
- ^ Paul de Graaf, "Washington Commonwealth Federation," in Mari Jo Buhle, Paul Buhle, and Dan Georgakas (eds.), Encyclopedia of the American Left. First Edition. New York: Garland Publishing, 1990; pg. 820.
- ^ Biog. notes regarding his papers at the University of Washington Libraries-- http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv83805
- ^ Bartosiński, Paweł (2011). "Jak straciliśmy Chiny? Amerykański spór o politykę wobec Chin w latach 1944-1950". Azja-Pacyfik (in Polish). 14 (1): 218. doi:10.15804/ap201110 (inactive 1 November 2024).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ "Thunder on the Left: De Lacy has made a Red mark on the Hill". oldmagazinearticles.com. Newsweek. December 24, 1945. p. 34.
- ^ The Olympian, Olympia, Washington, January 28, 1948, Page 14, https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123425826/hugh-de-lacy-named-as-a-communist-by/
- ^ "Testimony of Howard Costigan," Investigation of Communist Activities in the Pacific Northwest Area — Part 1: Hearings Before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-Third Congress, Second Session; October 3, 1952; March 16, May 28, June 2 and 9, 1954. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1954; pg. 5987.
- ^ a b Harvey Klehr, The Heyday of American Communism: The Depression Decade. New York: Basic Books, 1984; pg. 483.
- ^ a b Hendrickson, Stewart. "Hootenannies in Seattle". pnwfolklore.org. Retrieved 2022-01-16.
- ^ "Mrs. Hugh DeLacy Is Given Divorce". Spokane Chronicle. Washington, Spokane. Associated Press. October 25, 1947. p. 10. Retrieved 31 July 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "On Honeymoon". Reno Gazette-Journal. Nevada, Reno. July 11, 1949. p. 2. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
- ^ "Hugh DeLacy papers, 1938-1985". Archives West.
- ^ a b "Hugh De Lacy, Ex-Legislator Active in Progressive Party". The New York Times. Associated Press. August 21, 1986. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
- ^ "Hugh De Lacy, 76; Co-Founder of Progressive Party". Los Angeles Times. August 22, 1986. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
External links
edit- United States Congress. "Hugh De Lacy (id: D000206)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Hugh DeLacy papers. 1938-1985. 4.87 cubic feet (11 boxes, 1 map tube, 1 package). At the Labor Archives of Washington, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections.
- Hugh De Lacy and the Washington Commonwealth Federation, from Strikes! Labor History Encyclopedia for the Pacific Northwest.