Midland a.k.a. Central Mixe[2] is a Mixe language spoken in Mexico. According to Wichmann (1995), there are two groups of dialects:
| Midland Mixe | |
|---|---|
| Central Mixe | |
| Native to | Mexico |
| Region | Northeastern Oaxaca |
Native speakers | 29,000 (2000–2002)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:mxq – Juquilaneq – North Central (Cotzocón, Puxmetecán, Atitlán)pxm – Quetzaltepec Mixe (not distinct) |
| Glottolog | midl1241 |
| ELP | Midland Mixe |
- North
- Jaltepec, Puxmetecán, Atitlán, Matamoros, Cotzocón
- South
- Juquila, Cacalotepec
Ethnologue lists Mixistlán as well, but Wichmann counts that as Tlahuitoltepec Mixe.
A new variety of Midland Mixe has been recently documented in the village of San Juan Bosco Chuxnabá in San Miguel Quetzaltepec municipality, Oaxaca by Carmen Jany and other linguists.[3][4][5]
Phonology
editOrthography from Jany (2011) is in angle brackets where it differs from IPA.[6]
Consonants
edit| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n̪ ⟨n⟩ | |||
| Plosive | p ⟨p⟩ | t̪ ⟨t⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ʔ ⟨’⟩ | |
| Affricate | ts | (tʃ) ⟨ch⟩ | |||
| Fricative | ʃ ⟨x⟩ | h ⟨j⟩ | |||
| Glide | w | j ⟨y⟩ |
Spanish loanwords contain eight additional phonemes: /b, d, g, f, s, ɾ, r, l/.[6]
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ ⟨ë⟩ | u |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
/æ/ ⟨ä⟩, /ø/ ⟨ö⟩, and /ʊ/ ⟨ü⟩ are marginal vowels. [ø] and [ʊ] only occur as allophones of /o/ and /u/, respectively, in palatalized environments, and [æ] sometimes alternates with /a/.[6]
References
edit- ^ Juquila at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
North Central (Cotzocón, Puxmetecán, Atitlán) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Quetzaltepec Mixe (not distinct) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
- ^ Jany, Carmen. "Vowel Length and Phonation Contrasts in Chuxnabán Mixe" (PDF). Research: Department of Linguistics. University of California, Santa Barbara. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 20, 2010. Retrieved April 12, 2012.
- ^ http://nhlrc.ucla.edu/events/conference/1st/papers/The_Chuxnaban_Mixe_Online_Dictionary.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ^ Jany, Carmen (2010). "Orthography design for Chuxnabán Mixe". Language Documentation & Conservation. 4: 231–253. hdl:10125/4481.
- ^ a b c d e Jany, Carmen (2011). "The Phonetics and Phonology of Chuxnabán Mixe". Linguistic Discovery. 9 (1). doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.388. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
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