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Incheon International Airport

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Incheon International Airport (IATA: ICN, ICAO: RKSI) — or simply Incheon Airport — is the main international airport serving Seoul, the capital of South Korea. It is also one of the largest and busiest airports in the world.[4][5]

Incheon International Airport

인천국제공항
Aerial view of ICN Terminal 1 in 2023
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerMinistry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
OperatorIncheon International Airport Corporation
ServesSeoul Capital Area
LocationJung District, Incheon, South Korea
OpenedMarch 29, 2001; 23 years ago (2001-03-29)[1]
Hub for
Focus city forJeju Air
Elevation AMSL7 m / 23 ft
Coordinates37°27′48″N 126°26′24″E / 37.46333°N 126.44000°E / 37.46333; 126.44000
Websitewww.airport.kr
Maps
Map
Closeup of airport on map
ICN/RKSI is located in South Korea
ICN/RKSI
ICN/RKSI
Location in Incheon, South Korea
ICN/RKSI is located in Asia
ICN/RKSI
ICN/RKSI
ICN/RKSI (Asia)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
15R/33L 3,750 12,303 Asphalt
15L/33R 3,750 12,303 Asphalt
16L/34R 4,000 13,123 Asphalt
16R/34L 3,750 12,303 Asphalt
Helipads
Number Length Surface
m ft
H1 19 63 Concrete
Statistics (2023)
Total passengersIncrease 56,131,064
Aircraft movementsIncrease 337,299
Tonnes of cargoIncrease 3,600,288
Statistics from KAC[2][3]
Incheon International Airport
Hangul
인천국제공항
Hanja
仁川國際空港
Revised RomanizationIncheon Gukje Gonghang
McCune–ReischauerInch'ŏn Kukche Konghang

This airport opened for business on 29 March 2001, to replace the older Gimpo International Airport, which now serves mostly domestic destinations and shuttle flights to several East Asian metropolitan areas, including Beijing–Capital, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, Osaka–Kansai, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Taipei–Taoyuan and Tokyo–Haneda.

Incheon International Airport is located west of Incheon's city center, on an artificially created piece of land between Yeongjong and Yongyu Islands. A shallow sea originally separated the two islands. That area between the two islands was reclaimed for the construction project, effectively connecting the once-separate Yeongjong and Yongyu islands. The reclaimed area and the two islands are all part of Jung-gu, an administrative district of Incheon. The airport has 111 boarding gates altogether, with 44 in Terminal 1, 30 in Concourse A (connected to Terminal 1), and 37 in Terminal 2.[6]

This airport was constructed to share the demand for air transport in the 21st century and to serve as a hub airport in Northeast Asia.[7]

History

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Location of Incheon International Airport on reclaimed land joining Yeongjong and Yongyu Islands

International air traffic to South Korea increased after the 1988 Summer Olympics. In the 1990s, it became apparent that Gimpo International Airport could not cope with the increased air traffic. The government decided to build a new international airport to reduce the load on Gimpo International Airport.

The new airport was originally planned to be located in Cheongju, 124 km (77 mi) southeast of Seoul, but due to its distance, it was opposed by Seoul and Gyeonggi citizens. [citation needed] Hwaseong, the other choice, was also rejected due to similar reasons. Finally, the area chosen was Incheon. [when?]

In November 1992, the construction of the Incheon airport began on reclaimed land between Yeongjong Island and Youngyu Island. It took eight years to finish, with an additional six months for testing. Completion was initially scheduled for 1997 but delayed due to the Asian economic crisis.[8] The airport was officially opened on 21 March 2001.[citation needed]

On 15 November 2006, an Airbus A380 landed at the airport as part of the first leg of its certification trip.[9] Tests on the runways, taxiways, and ramps showed that the airport could handle the aircraft.

To further upgrade service, Incheon and major Korean logistics firm Hanjin Group (parent company of Korean Air) agreed on 10 January 2008, to build Yeongjong Medical Centre, which was completed in 2012. This hospital serves nearby residents and some 30,000 medical tourists who come to Korea annually.[10]

Statistics

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Located 48 km (30 mi) west of Seoul, the capital and the largest city of South Korea, Incheon International Airport is the main hub for Korean Air, Asiana Airlines, Jeju Air, and Polar Air Cargo. The airport is a hub for international civilian air transportation and cargo traffic in East Asia. In 2016, the Incheon International Airport was the fifth-busiest airport in the world and third in Asia by cargo traffic, and 19th in the world and eighth in Asia by passenger traffic. In 2016, the airport served a total of 57,849,814 passengers.

The airport opened for business in early 2001 to replace the older Gimpo International Airport, which now serves mostly domestic destinations plus shuttle flights to Beijing–Capital, Osaka–Kansai, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Taipei–Songshan and Tokyo–Haneda although flights to Beijing and Osaka also operate from Incheon Airport.

Construction phases

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Airport layout

The airport was originally planned to be built in three phases, incrementally increasing airport capacity as the demand grew. This was changed, however, to four phases after the airport was opened.

Phase 1

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In Phase 1, the airport had a capacity of 30 million passengers annually, and a cargo capacity of 1,700,000 tonnes (1,673,151 long tons; 1,873,929 short tons) annually.[citation needed] In this phase, a passenger terminal with a floor space of 496,000 square metres (5,338,900 sq ft), two parallel runways, a control tower, an administrative building, a transportation centre (the Integrated Transportation Centre, designed by Terry Farrell and Partners and Samoo Architects & Engineers), an integrated operations centre, three cargo terminals, international business centre, and a government office building were constructed.[citation needed]

Phase 2

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Phase 2 construction began in 2002, and was originally expected to be completed in December 2008. However, in an attempt to have the airport ready for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, which took place in August 2008, the schedule was modified, and Phase 2 construction was completed on 20 June 2008. During this construction phase, a third parallel 4,000-metre-long (13,123 ft 4 in) runway and a 13-hectare (32.1-acre) cargo terminal area was added. A 16.5-hectare (40.8-acre) concourse connected to the main passenger building via two parallel 870-metre-long (2,854 ft 4 in) underground passageways were added, with a Mitsubishi Crystal Mover shuttle train APM shuttling passengers between the concourse and the main terminal.[11]

Many long-distance foreign carriers were moved to the new concourse, with Korean Air and Asiana Airlines continuing to use the existing terminal.[citation needed]

Phase 3

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The South Korean government invested ₩4 trillion until 2017 to expand Incheon International Airport. The second passenger terminal was constructed in the northern field of the airport, and its existing cargo terminal and other infrastructures were expanded. The terminals are connected by the underground "Starline" train. Also, a Landside Connecting system (Bus shuttle) is used for airport employees and departing passengers who don't come to the right terminal. After completion, Incheon International Airport can handle 62 million passengers and 5,800,000 tonnes (5,708,398 long tons; 6,393,406 short tons) of cargo a year, up from the previous capacity of 44 million passengers and 4,500,000 tonnes (4,428,929 long tons; 4,960,401 short tons). Construction began in 2011 and was completed in 2017. The terminal opened on 18 January 2018. Incheon's expansion also includes adding more aprons to park planes and extending a railway line to the city center of Seoul about 70 kilometres (43 mi) away from the airport. The airport also signed an agreement to build a resort called "Inspire" which includes 6-star hotels, theme parks, and a casino.[12]

Phase 4

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Between 2017 and 2024, a fourth construction phase at the airport is taking place. There will be an expansion of Terminal 2, the building of a fourth runway and additional apron and car parking facilities.[13] Following completion of the works, it is expected that the hourly flight capacity of the airport will increase from 90 to 107.[14]

There are long-term plans for a fifth runway and a third terminal.[15]

Terminals

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Terminal 1 (Incheon T1)

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Aerial view of Incheon International Airport Terminal 1

Terminal 1 (measuring 496,000 square metres (5,338,900 sq ft)) is the largest airport terminal by area in South Korea. Terminal 1 was designed by Curtis W. Fentress, FAIA, RIBA of Fentress Architects. It is 1,060 metres (3,480 ft) long, 149 metres (489 ft) wide, and 33 metres (108 ft) high. Its construction cost was 5.632 trillion South Korean Won.[16] The terminal has 44 boarding ports (all of which can accommodate the Airbus A380), 50 customs inspection ports, 2 biological quarantine counters, 6 stationary and 14 portable passenger quarantine counters, 120 arrival passport inspection counters, 8 arrival security ports, 28 departure security ports, 252 check-in counters, and 120 departure passport inspection counters. In 2015, an automatic check-in counter lane was introduced, which people travelling via Korean Air, Asiana Airlines and China Southern Airlines can use. Instead of having airport staff at the counter, there is a machine where travellers input their flight information, scan their passports, receive their flight tickets and lastly, load the luggage onto the conveyor. This system was planned to be introduced in Terminal 2, but in May 2015 Incheon Airport used one of the counter islands for the unmanned luggage handling system.[17]

In December 2023, a Oneworld-branded and operated lounge opened in Incheon Airport Terminal 1 to serve passengers flying on seven of the alliance's 13 member carriers who serve the airport: American Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Finnair, Malaysia Airlines, Qantas, Qatar Airways, and SriLankan Airlines.[18] It is the first in a series of planned lounges under development by the alliance.[19]

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    Incheon Air
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    Incheon Air Terminal 1
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    Arrivals
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    Bus stops
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    Bus tickets
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    Terminal 1 departures/arrivals
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    Bus ticket box
  •  
    Bus terminal
  •  
    Bus stops

Midfield Concourse

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Concourse building under construction

The passenger concourse was completed at the end of May 2008. It is connected to Terminal 1 by two parallel 870-metre-long (2,850 ft) underground passageways equipped with IATs (Intra Airport Transit). It has 30 gates and six lounges.[20]

Terminal 2 (Incheon T2)

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Terminal 2

A new passenger terminal, designed by Gensler, opened on 18 January 2018, and Korean Air, Air France, Delta Air Lines, and KLM flights were relocated from Terminal 1 to Terminal 2. Other SkyTeam members such as Aeroflot, Aeroméxico, China Airlines, Czech Airlines, Garuda Indonesia, and XiamenAir started serving the Terminal 2 on 28 October 2018. From 1 July 2023, Jin Air, the low-cost subsidiary of Korean Air, started operating at Terminal 2.[21] And the rest of the SkyTeam members, such as China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines, and Vietnam Airlines will be relocated to Terminal 2 after the Phase 4 construction work is completed.[22]

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    Terminal 2, night
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    International taxis
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    F ticket check-in
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    Waiting / arrivals
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    Departures
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    Steps
  •  
    Main entrance
  •  
    F ticket check-in
  •  
    Departure & ticketing
  •  
    Departure & ticketing
  •  
    Terminal 2 check-in area
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    Transit lobby of Terminal 2
  •  
    A piano at Terminal 2
  •  
    Boarding gates

Airlines and destinations

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Passenger

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AirlinesDestinations
Aero K Hanoi (begins 18 December 2024),[23] Kaohsiung (begins 2 January 2025),[24] Nha Trang,[25] Tokyo–Narita[26]
Aeroméxico Mexico City1[27]
Aero Mongolia Ulaanbaatar[28]
AirAsia Kota Kinabalu[29]
AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International
Air Astana Almaty, Astana[30]
Air Busan[31] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[32] Fukuoka, Nha Trang,[33] Osaka–Kansai, Sapporo–Chitose, Tagbilaran, Tokyo–Narita, Vientiane
Air Canada Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver
Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau[34]
Air China Beijing–Capital, Chengdu–Tianfu,[35] Chongqing, Hangzhou,[36] Tianjin,[37] Wenzhou,[38] Yanji
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Delhi
Air Japan Tokyo–Narita[39]
Air Macau Macau
Air New Zealand Seasonal: Auckland[40][41]
Air Premia Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[42] Da Nang (begins 23 January 2025),[43] Hong Kong (begins 23 January 2025),[44] Los Angeles, Newark,[45] San Francisco,[46] Tokyo–Narita
Charter: Barcelona,[47] Dhaka,[48] Oslo[49]
Air Seoul Da Nang, Fukuoka, Kalibo, Nha Trang, Osaka–Kansai, Sapporo–Chitose, Tagbilaran, Takamatsu,[50] Tokyo–Narita, Yonago,[51] Zhangjiajie[52]
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth
Asiana Airlines Almaty, Asahikawa (resumes 18 December 2024),[53] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Beijing–Capital,[54] Cairo,[55] Cebu, Changchun, Changsha, Chengdu–Tianfu,[56] Chiang Mai,[57] Chongqing,[58] Clark,[59] Da Lat,[57] Dalian, Da Nang, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Istanbul, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kumamoto,[60] London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Manila, Miyazaki,[61] Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nanjing, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Qingdao, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seattle/Tacoma, Sendai,[62] Shanghai–Pudong,[63] Shenzhen, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tashkent,[64] Tianjin, Tokyo–Haneda,[65] Tokyo–Narita,[66] Ulaanbaatar, Xi'an, Yancheng, Yanji
Seasonal: Kota Kinabalu,[67] Melbourne[68]
Seasonal charter: Athens, Saipan,[69] Siem Reap (begins 25 December 2024),[70] Tagbilaran
Batik Air Malaysia Kuala Lumpur–International[71]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong
Cebu Pacific Cebu, Manila
China Airlines Kaohsiung,[72] Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Beijing–Daxing,[37] Hangzhou, Kunming, Nanjing, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Weihai, Wuxi, Xi'an,[73] Yanji,[74] Yantai[75]
China Southern Airlines Beijing–Daxing, Changchun,[37] Changsha, Dalian,[76] Guangzhou, Harbin,[37] Huangshan,[77] Mudanjiang,[78] Shanghai–Pudong,[37] Shenyang,[79] Shenzhen, Wuhan,[80] Yanji, Zhengzhou[81]
China United Airlines Ordos[82]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul,[83] Salt Lake City (begins 12 June 2025),[84] Seattle/Tacoma
Eastar Jet Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[85] Chiang Mai,[86] Da Nang,[85] Fukuoka,[87] Naha,[88] Nha Trang,[87] Osaka–Kansai,[89] Phu Quoc,[90] Sapporo–Chitose,[91] Shanghai–Pudong,[92][93] Taipei–Taoyuan,[94][95] Tokushima (begins 26 December 2024),[96][97] Tokyo–Narita,[89] Zhengzhou[98][99]
Emirates Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Tokyo–Narita
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
EVA Air Kaohsiung,[100] Taipei–Taoyuan
Finnair Helsinki
Garuda Indonesia Denpasar,[101] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Greater Bay Airlines Hong Kong[102]
Hainan Airlines Haikou[103]
Hawaiian Airlines Honolulu[citation needed]
HK Express Hong Kong[104]
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong
Jeju Air[105] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Batam,[106] Cebu, Chiang Mai, Clark, Da Lat,[107] Da Nang, Denpasar,[108][106] Fukuoka, Guam, Hanoi, Harbin, Hiroshima,[109] Ho Chi Minh City,[citation needed] Hong Kong, Jiamusi, Kagoshima,[110] Kota Kinabalu, Macau,[111] Manila, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nha Trang, Ōita,[112] Osaka–Kansai, Phu Quoc,[113] Qingdao,[114] Saipan, Sapporo–Chitose, Shijiazhuang, Shizuoka,[115] Tagbilaran, Taipei–Taoyuan,[116] Tokyo–Narita, Ulaanbaatar,[117] Vientiane,[118] Weihai, Yanji
Charter: Manado[119]
Jetstar Brisbane,[120] Sydney[121]
Jin Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Cebu, Chiang Mai,[122] Clark, Da Nang, Fukuoka, Guam, Hong Kong,[123] Kitakyushu, Kota Kinabalu, Macau,[124] Nagoya–Centrair,[125] Naha, Nha Trang,[122] Osaka–Kansai, Phu Quoc,[126] Qingdao, Sapporo–Chitose, Shimojishima,[127] Tagbilaran,[128] Taichung (begins 19 December 2024),[129] Taipei–Taoyuan,[130] Takamatsu,[131][132] Tokyo–Narita
Seasonal: Phuket, Vientiane
KLM Amsterdam[133]
Korean Air Amsterdam, Aomori,[134] Atlanta, Auckland, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Boston, Brisbane, Budapest,[135] Busan,2 Cebu, Changsha, Chiang Mai, Chicago–O'Hare, Daegu,3 Dalian, Dallas/Fort Worth, Da Nang, Delhi, Denpasar,[136] Dubai–International,[137] Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Fuzhou (begins 28 December 2024),[138] Guam, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Hefei,[139] Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Istanbul, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kagoshima,[140] Komatsu,[134] Kuala Lumpur–International, Kumamoto,[141] Kunming,[142] Las Vegas,[143] Lisbon,[144][better source needed] London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Macau,[145] Madrid,[146] Manila, Milan–Malpensa, Mudanjiang,[147] Nagasaki,[148] Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nanjing,[149] New York–JFK, Nha Trang, Niigata,[140] Ōita,[150] Okayama,[140] Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Phu Quoc,[151] Prague, Qingdao,[149] Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong,[149] Shenyang, Shenzhen,[152] Singapore, Sydney, Taichung,[134] Taipei–Taoyuan, Tianjin, Tokyo–Haneda,[65] Tokyo–Narita,[153] Toronto–Pearson, Ulaanbaatar, Vancouver, Vienna, Washington–Dulles, Wuhan,[154] Xiamen,[155] Xi'an, Yangon, Yanji,[152] Zhangjiajie,[156] Zhengzhou[156]
Seasonal: Kathmandu,[157] Zürich[158]
Seasonal charter: Athens, Oslo
Lao Airlines Vientiane
LOT Polish Airlines Budapest, Warsaw–Chopin, Wrocław[159]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International
MIAT Mongolian Airlines Ulaanbaatar
Myanmar Airways International Yangon
Peach Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda
Philippine Airlines Cebu (resumes 21 December 2024),[160] Manila
Seasonal: Clark (resumes 2 January 2025)[161]
Philippines AirAsia Manila
Qanot Sharq Tashkent[162]
Qantas Sydney (ends 15 June 2025)[163]
Qatar Airways Doha
Qingdao Airlines Qingdao
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan
Scoot Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan
Shandong Airlines Jinan,[164] Qingdao, Yantai[37]
Shanghai Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
Shenzhen Airlines Shenzhen, Wuxi
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Tianfu[165]
Singapore Airlines Singapore
Sky Angkor Airlines Phnom Penh,[166] Siem Reap
Spring Airlines Shanghai–Pudong, Shijiazhuang,[167] Yangzhou
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike
Swiss International Air Lines Seasonal: Zürich[168][169]
Thai AirAsia X Bangkok–Don Mueang[170]
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[171]
Tianjin Airlines Tianjin
Tigerair Taiwan Taipei–Taoyuan
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
T'way Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona,[172] Bishkek,[173] Cebu, Da Nang, Frankfurt,[174] Fukuoka, Guam, Haikou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jinan, Kalibo, Kaohsiung, Kota Kinabalu,[175] Naha,[176] Nha Trang, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[177] Qingdao,[178] Saipan, Sanya,[179] Sapporo–Chitose,[176] Shenyang, Singapore,[180] Sydney,[181] Taichung,[182] Tokyo–Narita, Toyama, Wenzhou,[183] Wuhan, Zagreb[184]
Seasonal: Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Ōita, Saga, Ulaanbaatar[185]
United Airlines San Francisco
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent
VietJet Air Da Lat, Da Nang, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Nha Trang, Phu Quoc
Vietnam Airlines Da Nang, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Nha Trang
WestJet Seasonal: Calgary[186]
XiamenAir Fuzhou,[187] Xiamen
Zipair Tokyo Tokyo–Narita

^1 Aeromexico's flight from Mexico City to Seoul–Incheon operates via Monterrey but the flight from Seoul–Incheon to Mexico City is non-stop.
^2 Korean Air's service between Busan and Incheon is available only to connecting passengers flying with the airline internationally.[188]
^3 Korean Air's service between Daegu and Incheon is available only to connecting passengers flying with the airline internationally.[189]

Cargo

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AirlinesDestinations
AeroLogic Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle
Air Hong Kong Hong Kong
Air Incheon Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chongqing, Haikou, Hanoi, Qingdao, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita, Ulaanbaatar, Yantai, Zhengzhou
Air Premia Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[190] Ho Chi Minh City,[191] Singapore[192]
ANA Cargo Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Cargo Almaty, Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Brussels, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, London–Stansted, Los Angeles, Milan–Malpensa, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Tianjin, Tokyo–Narita, Vienna, Yantai
Atlas Air[193] Anchorage, Changsha, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Los Angeles, Miami, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita, Xiamen, Zaragoza
Cargolux Beijing–Capital, Luxembourg, Taipei–Taoyuan
Cargolux Italia Milan–Malpensa, Taipei–Taoyuan, Zhengzhou
Cathay Cargo Hong Kong, Osaka–Kansai
Central Airlines Wuxi, Yantai
China Cargo Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
China Postal Airlines Shijiazhuang, Xi'an
DHL Aviation Anchorage, Cincinnati, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle, Los Angeles, Milan–Malpensa, Singapore
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Hong Kong, Oslo
FedEx Express Anchorage, Beijing–Capital, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Shenzhen, Tokyo–Narita
JAL Cargo Nagoya–Centrair,[194] Tokyo–Narita,
Jeju Air Cargo Hanoi,[195] Tokyo–Narita,[195] Yantai[195]
Kalitta Air Anchorage, Cincinnati, Ezhou, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Zhengzhou
Korean Air Cargo Amsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Busan, Campinas, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi, Edmonton, Frankfurt, Guadalajara, Guangzhou, Halifax, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kitakyushu, Kuala Lumpur–International, Lima, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Manila, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Oslo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang, San Francisco, Santiago de Chile, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda, Tianjin, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Vienna, Xi'an, Zhengzhou,[196] Zürich
Longhao Airlines Weihai, Zhengzhou
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Tokyo–Narita
Maersk Air Cargo Anchorage, Shenyang
Mas Air Anchorage, Hangzhou, Wuxi
MSC Air Cargo Liège, Xiamen
Polar Air Cargo Anchorage, Cincinnati, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle, Los Angeles, Nagoya–Centrair, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha
Silk Way Airlines Baku
Singapore Airlines Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Cincinnati
Tianjin Air Cargo Linyi
Turkish Cargo Istanbul
Turkmenistan Airlines Cargo Ashgabat[197]
UPS Airlines Anchorage, Cologne/Bonn, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Zhengzhou
YTO Cargo Airlines Ningbo, Wenzhou

Accidents and incidents

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On 16 June 2011, an Airbus A321-200, operating as Asiana Airlines flight 324 between Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport, China and Incheon International Airport, was fired upon by two soldiers of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps as it came in to land at Incheon. A total of 99 rounds were discharged at the aircraft, which was out of range and made a safe landing without sustaining any damage. The soldiers had misidentified the aircraft as belonging to the North Korean military and were acting on orders that permitted them to engage without reference to senior officers, following the Bombardment of Yeonpyeong in November 2010.[198]

Ground transport

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A limousine bus at Incheon Airport bound for Jamsil Subway Station in Seoul

Public transport

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Bus

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Airport shuttle buses transport passengers between Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Buses are free, arrive every 5 to 8 minutes, take approximately 20 minutes of travel time, and stop at the Hyatt Hotel or airport fire station en route, depending on direction.

Airport buses are called limousine buses. Standard limousine buses travel to Gimpo Airport & Songjeong station.

Intercity buses connect with other towns and cities in Korea.

The City Air Logistics & Transportation company runs an airport bus line directly connected to the bus station at COEX, Gangnam.[199]

 
AREX 2000 series EMU with commuter train service

Rail

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The Airport Railroad Express (AREX and styled as A'REX) has two stations located in both the Transport Centre adjacent to the Terminal 1 building (Incheon International Airport Terminal 1 station) and is in the basement of Terminal 2 (Incheon International Airport Terminal 2 station). It provides service to Gimpo International Airport and Seoul. Many of the stations along the line provide connections to Incheon Subway, Seoul Metropolitan Subway, and Incheon Airport Maglev.

For departing passengers, Seoul Station City Airport Terminal offers in-town early check-in service and has related immigration services before arriving at the airport. After CALT closed its in-town check-in operation at Gangnam in 2023, the Seoul Station City Airport Terminal is the only available place in Seoul where in-town check-in service is provided.[200]

The Korea Train eXpress (KTX) operated at the same station as AREX but used a different platform. It operated 20 times per day from the airport; twelve times on the Gyeonbu Line, twice on the Gyeonjeon Line, four times on the Honam Line, and twice on the Jeolla Line. The service started in 2014 but was suspended in March 2018 due to low ridership.[201] The suspension became permanent in September 2018 as the line was officially closed.[202][203]

The Incheon Airport Maglev opened on 3 February 2016, and closed on 1 September 2023.[204] The first phase was to be 6.1 km long, spread over six stations (but eight stations were built, spanning more than 8 km), taking riders from the airport toward the southwest of the island where a water park is located. Phase 2 was to be 9.7 km long, extending the line to the northwest of the island. Phase 3 would have added 37.4 km, transforming the line into a circle.[205][206][207] After converting the tracks from Maglev to orbital tram tracks,[208] service is expected to resume from March 2024.[209]

 
Incheon Airport rail terminal for AREX and formerly KTX

Ferry

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A ferry service connects Yeongjong-do to the mainland. However, the dock is located a considerable distance from the airport. An alternative means of transport must be sought upon arriving at the island to be able to get to the airport.[210]

Car

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The airport provides a short-term parking lot for 4,000 cars and a long-term parking lot for 6,000 cars. Shuttle services connect the long-term parking lot to the passenger terminal and the cargo terminal. Car rental is located near the long-term parking lot. A link to the mainland is provided by the toll Yeongjong Bridge and an expressway. A second expressway on the Incheon Bridge also connects the island to central Incheon.

Roads

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It is connected to the Incheon Bridge and the 2nd Gyeongin Expressway. Airport limousine buses, which have been operating since the day Incheon International Airport opened, and many visitors in private cars use this road.

When the 3rd Yeonyukgyo Bridge opens in 2025, a general road connecting to the Gyeongin Expressway, Incheon Airport will be accessible by two-wheeled vehicles and on foot.

Traffic and statistics

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Korean Air planes awaiting departure in Terminal 1 (before the opening of Terminal 2)
 
Aerial view of Incheon Airport in 2024

In 2017, the airport was the world's fourth busiest airport by cargo traffic and third in Asia,[211] and the world's 19th busiest airport by passenger traffic and ninth in Asia.[212] In 2019, the airport served a total of 70,857,908 passengers.


Top destinations

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Busiest international routes (2022)
Rank Airport Passengers Operating airlines
1 Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi 1,257,733 Air Busan, Asiana Airlines, Jeju Air, Jin Air, Korean Air, Thai AirAsia X, Thai Airways International, T'way Air
2 Singapore 990,803 Air Premia, Asiana Airlines, Korean Air, Scoot, Singapore Airlines, T'way Air
3 Ho Chi Minh City 868,984 Air Premia, Asiana Airlines, Korean Air, T'way Air, VietJet Air, Vietnam Airlines
4 Tokyo–Narita 857,125 Air Busan, Air Premia, Air Seoul, Asiana Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines, Jeju Air, Jin Air, Korean Air, T'way Air, Zipair Tokyo
5 Manila 778,429 Asiana Airlines, Cebu Pacific, Jeju Air, Korean Air, Philippine Airlines, Philippines AirAsia
6 Los Angeles 675,553 Air Premia, Asiana Airlines, Korean Air
7 Hanoi 674,188 Asiana Airlines, Bamboo Airlines, Korean Air, VietJet Air, Vietnam Airlines
8 Osaka–Kansai 670,572 Air Busan, Air Seoul, Asiana Airlines, Jeju Air, Jin Air, Korean Air, Peach Aviation, T'way Air
9 Da Nang 549,674 Air Seoul, Asiana Airlines, Jeju Air, Jin Air, Korean Air, T'way Air, VietJet Air, Vietnam Airlines
10 New York–JFK 439,172 Asiana Airlines, Korean Air
Source: Korea Airportal

Annual traffic

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Annual passenger traffic at ICN airport. See Wikidata query.
Years Aircraft

operations

Passengers Cargo (tonnes) description
2001 86,807 14,542,290 1,186,015
2002 126,094 20,924,171 1,705,928
2003 130,185 19,789,874 1,843,055
2004 149,776 24,084,072 2,133,444
2005 160,843 26,051,466 2,150,139
2006 182,007 28,191,116 2,336,571
2007 211,404 31,227,897 2,555,580
2008 211,102 29,973,522 2,423,717
2009 198,918 28,549,770 2,313,002
2010 214,835 33,478,925 2,684,499
2011 229,580 35,062,366 2,539,222
2012 254,037 38,970,864 2,456,724
2013 271,224 41,482,828 2,464,385
2014 290,043 45,512,099 2,557,681
2015 305,446 49,281,220 2,595,677
2016 339,673 57,765,397 2,714,341
2017 360,295 62,082,032 2,921,691
2018 387,497 68,259,763 2,952,123
2019 404,104 71,169,722 2,764,369
2020 149,982 12,094,851 2,822,370
2021 131,027 3,198,909 3,329,292
2022 171,253 17,869,759 2,945,855
2023 337,299 56,131,064 3,600,288
2024 307,073 52,569,050 2,173,918 ~ 09/2024
Source: IIAC Airport Statistics[3]

After COVID-19 ended, it recovered dramatically. In about nine months, the number of passengers increased to the level of the previous year.

Awards

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As of 2024, the airport has been rated by Skytrax as the third-best airport in the world. Skytrax has also rated the airport as the world's best international transit airport and one of the world's cleanest airports. The airport is one of Skytrax's 5-star airports and has also been awarded for the best airport security in 2021.[213][214][215][216]

During the entire run of the best airport worldwide ranking by Airports Council International (ACI) from 2005 to 2011, Incheon International Airport topped the ranking every year. ACI also rated the airport as the best airport in Asia-Pacific for 10 consecutive years from 2006 to 2016 until the ranking series ended in 2017.[217]

Its duty-free shopping mall has been rated the world's best for three years in a row in 2013 by Business Traveller.[218]

Facilities

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This airport has a golf course, spa,[219] private sleeping rooms, an ice skating rink, a casino, indoor gardens, a video game center and the Museum of Korean Culture.[citation needed]

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The Sims 4 team released The Sims 4: Incheon Arrivals kit, inspired by the fashion at the Incheon airport.[220]

See also

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Notes

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References

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