Wikipedia

Margaret Hills

Margaret Hills (née Robertson 1882 – 1967) was a British teacher, suffragist organiser, feminist and socialist. She was the first female councillor[1] on Stroud Urban District Council and later served as a Councillor on Gloucestershire County Council.

Margaret Hills
1909 Photograph
Organiser (National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies)
In office
1908–1910
In office
1911–1913
Councillor (Stroud District Council)
In office
1928–1936
Councillor (Gloucestershire County Council)
In office
1937–1952
Personal details
Born
Margaret Robertson

1882
St Pancras, London, England
Died1967 (aged 84/85)
Relatives

Early life

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Margaret Robertson was born at 41 Fitzroy Road, Primrose Hill, London on 1 March 1882.[2][3][4] Her father, Henry Robert Robertson, was an artist of Scottish extraction and her mother, Agnes Lucy Turner, was a descendant of Robert Chamberlain, who founded the china works of Chamberlain & Son at Worcester (which later became Royal Worcester), and her mother's relatives included John Davidson (traveller), the African explorer, and George Fownes, both of whom were Fellows of the Royal Society. Her paternal grandfather had a private school in Slough.[5]

Her siblings were botanist Agnes Arber, classicist Donald Struan Robertson and portrait artist Janet Robertson.[6] She is the great aunt of musician Thomas Dolby.

Hills attended North London Collegiate School (founded by Frances Buss) and obtained an open scholarship in 1901 to attend Somerville College, Oxford and obtained first class honours in 1904 (at a time when women were not awarded degrees by the University).[7][8] She was later awarded a Bachelor of Arts by Trinity College Dublin in 1906,[9] in common with many other Oxbridge Women as neither University awarded women degrees

She attended the Cambridge Training College for Women from 1904 -1905 and obtained a Teacher Training Certificate and joined the staff of the Queen Elizabeth Grammar School for Girls, Mansfield and left the school at Christmas 1907 to seek a teaching post in London, however, "she finally decided to give up teaching for the present and work for the cause[ Women's Suffrage]"[10]

Suffragist organiser

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The first recorded occasion of Margaret being involved in Women's Suffrage was as a floor speaker at a Women's Suffrage meeting in St Augustine's Hall, Highgate, London in February 1908.[11] It is likely that she was already working for NUWSS as, the following month she worked on campaigns at both the Hastings and Peckham by-elections and wrote an article in Women's Franchise on the NUWSS policy concerning By-elections.[12][13] The July 1908 Masthead of the NUWSS pages within Women's Franchise lists Margaret as an NUWSS Organiser.[14] Later in the year the NUWSS could proudly announce that it employed three permanent organisers, including Margaret[15]

She was appointed as Organiser for the North of England Society for Women's Suffrage in May 1909[16] By1911 this had become the Manchester and District Federation of Women's Suffrage Societies and she described herself as Organising Secretary in the 1911 census. In December 1912 she was appointed the organiser of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies Election Fighting Fund.

She was an organiser and speaker in various key public debates about women's suffrage, including a debate at the Royal Albert Hall in November 1912, and in the Co-operative Hall, Burnley in 1910.

Hills lobbied both the nascent Labour Party and the Miner's Federation, including Robert Brown, Provost of Dalkeith and Secretary of the Scottish Miners Federation, who was fielded as the first Labour Party candidate to contest the seat in the 1912 Midlothian by-election.[17]

Peace activities

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Hills was a pacifist and opposed the First World War.[18] In 1915 the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom held a summit in the Hague. She was organising secretary to the original British organising committee and responsible for negotiating the supply of passports for attendees with the Government (at that time passports were issued on a single trip basis).[19] She was also a member of the Executive Committee of the Movement for Democratic Control[20]

As an elected representative

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In April 1928, Hills was elected to Stroud Urban District Council.[21][22][23] She is credited with driving through housing improvements including Stroud's first slum clearance scheme at Middle Hill, off Bisley Old-Road, Stroud.[24]

In 1937 Hills was elected to Gloucestershire County Council, where she remained as a councillor until 1952.[8] She served on the education committee after she ceased to be a councillor. Her work is remembered in the name of a housing estate in the town.[25]

Personal life

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Hills met her future husband, Harold Hills, in 1913, whilst holidaying at Pella, Italy where they were introduced by mutual friend Fenner Brockway. A few days after they met they swam a mile across Lake Orta and announced their engagement two months later.[26] On 6 August 1914, two days after the First World War broke out, they were married at Hampstead. Fenner Brockway states "I congratulated Harold on marrying Margaret, but I have never forgiven him for taking her out of politics." On the same evening they were married, Harold, a reservist doctor in the RAMC, reported for duty at Aldershot with the 4th Field Ambulance and landed in France on 16 August with the Expeditionary Force.[27] He was reported missing with eight other doctors from the Field Ambulance, it was later reported that he had been taken prisoner of war but was part of British/German prisoner exchange of medics on 1 July 1915.[28]

Harold Hills had trained as a doctor before the War and was employed at Long Grove Hospital, Epsom which was a London County Council mental hospital, to which he returned to after the war for a time. His time with the 4th Army included giving expert evidence in courts-martial concerning soldiers facing charges of desertion.[29]

In 1922 they moved to Stroud, where Harold took over the practice of Doctor Henry Hardy at 11 Rowcroft and succeeded him as Certifying Surgeon under the Factories Acts.[30] The family took up residence at the surgery and remained there until they moved to Cotsmoor, Private Road, Rodborough (now known as Lotus Cottage). In 1954 they downsized to a smaller house in the grounds which remained the family home for the rest of their lives.[31]

Their first child, Margaret Clare, was born on 18 February 1917 at Mossley Hill, Liverpool.[32]

References

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  1. ^ "GIFT TO STROUD RESIDENTS". Cheltenham Chronicle. 26 July 1930 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  2. ^ "FreeBMD".
  3. ^ "Births". London Evening Standard. 6 March 1882. Retrieved 7 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  4. ^ "1939 National Register Cotsmoor, Rodborough Common".
  5. ^ Agnes Arber, 1879–1960 Hamshaw Thomas H Biogr. Mem. Fellows R. Soc. 1960 6 1–11; DOI: 10.1098/rsbm.1960.0021. Published 1 November 1960 Retrieved 5 March 2018 http://rsbm.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/roybiogmem/6/1.full.pdf https://www.museumofroyalworcester.org/learning/research/factories/kerr-binns/
  6. ^ Census 1901 Living at 9 Elsworthy Terrace Hampstead District 27 RG13/124/58 Robertson Janet, Practical Problems of the Portrait Painter (London 1962)
  7. ^ "Frances Mary Buss Schools North London Collegiate School". Hampstead & Highgate Express. 29 June 1901. Retrieved 15 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  8. ^ a b Watson, Sarah Phaedre (24 January 2018). "Can you help uncover the history of a 'dangerous woman' of Stroud?". Stroud Journal. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  9. ^ "University of Dublin Conferring of Degrees". The Irish Times. 4 July 1906. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  10. ^ "North London Collegiate School". Our School Magazine. 1905–1908.
  11. ^ "Branch Societies". Women's Franchise. 27 February 1908. Retrieved 6 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  12. ^ Robertson, Margaret (5 March 1908). "First Impressions of By-Election Work (Hastings)". Women's Franchise. p. 4.5. Retrieved 6 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  13. ^ Robertson, Margaret (19 March 1908). "By-election Policy of the National Union of Womens Suffrage Societies". Women's Franchise: 5.
  14. ^ "Masthead for NUWSS Page 15". Women's Franchise. 9 July 1908. Retrieved 6 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  15. ^ Liddington The life and times of a respectable rebel Selina Cooper 1864 – 1946 Virgo (1984)
  16. ^ Liddington, Jill (1984). The life and times of a respectable rebel. London: Virago. p. 483. ISBN 0860684180.
  17. ^ Election Fighting Fund minute book Volume A4/1 June 1912 – held in Women's library, London School of Economics, University of London
  18. ^ Speech cited in Stroud Journal, 3 August 1928
  19. ^ Pleasance P (2015) HILLS, Margaret (Mrs Harold Hills) in These Dangerous Women (2015) Page 30 www.wilpf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/these-dangerous-women-wilpf-bo.pdf
  20. ^ Signatory to a letter about a broken up peace meeting. Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser, Thursday, 2 December 1915
  21. ^ "Gloucester Journal". 7 April 1928 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  22. ^ "Hills, Margaret". Stroud History. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  23. ^ "Margaret Hills". Suffrage Pioneers. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  24. ^ "Leading worker for social improvement, death of Mrs Margaret Hills". Stroud News and Journal. 16 March 1967.
  25. ^ Flowers, Sophie (8 February 2018). "From political activists to singers, here's the women we think are some of the greatest in the county". Gloucestershire Live. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  26. ^ Stroud News and Journal, 16 March 1967 Brockway F Inside the Left 1942, pg. 42
  27. ^ Common Cause Friday 21 August 1914 Stroud News and Journal 16 March 1967 British Army WWI Medal Rolls Index Cards, 1914–1920
  28. ^ Common Cause – 11 September 1914 Stroud News and Journal 16 March 1967 Ancestry.com. UK, British Officer Prisoners of War, 1914–1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012
  29. ^ Leese P Shell Shock 2002: Traumatic Neurosis and the British Soldiers of the First World War; Palgrave London pp44 and 45
  30. ^ Gloucestershire Chronicle 4 November 1922
  31. ^ Planning File Stroud DC ref S.1576 1952and Land Registry Cyclmen Cottage GR170734 Title Absolute 2.
  32. ^ Common Cause 2 March 1917 pp 11 Births
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