Miki Sawada (澤田 美喜, Sawada Miki, 19 September 1901 – 12 May 1980) was a Japanese social worker popularly known as the mother of 2,000 American Japanese mixed orphans.[1]
Miki Sawada | |
|---|---|
 Miki Sawada in 1952 | |
| Born | September 19, 1901 |
| Died | May 12, 1980 (aged 78) |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Occupation | Social worker |
Early life
editShe was born in Tokyo, Japan on September 19, 1901. She was the oldest daughter of Baron Hisaya Iwasaki, who was known as the richest man in Japan. She was thus the granddaughter of Iwasaki Yataro, the founder of the Mitsubishi Zaibatsu conglomerate.[2] As a child, she attended private girls' schools in Ochanomizu until she was 15. After that she was taught by Umeko Tsuda, her private tutor.
In 1922, she married Japanese diplomat Renzo Sawada, who represented Japan as a diplomat and United Nations ambassador. He was a Christian and so she converted to Christianity when they got married. They had four children.[3]
Elizabeth Saunders Home
editRenzo's diplomatic work took them to Buenos Aires, Beijing, London, Paris, and New York City. During her life outside Japan as the wife of a diplomat, she met and befriended many people who later helped her found the Elizabeth Saunders Home, like Josephine Baker. While living in London, she visited an orphanage operated by Thomas J. Barnardo called Dr. Barnardo's home, which later inspired her to start her own.[4]
After World War II, Sawada took in many mixed-race children who were abandoned and discriminated against because their mothers were Japanese and their fathers were American soldiers. Eventually, there were more children than she could house in her home with her, so in 1948 she sold all of her possessions and used the money to found the Elizabeth Saunders Home in Oiso, Kanagawa, Japan.[5]
It was named for Elizabeth Saunders, who was the first donor to the orphanage. The Japanese government would not support the orphanage, and would not allow it to be registered as a non-profit, so Sawada constantly had trouble finding funding.[4] Sawada visited America in 1949 and 1950 to give lectures and gather donations for the orphanage. Almost 2,000 children stayed there, and Sawada became known as the "Mother of 2,000 children".[6]
Many of those she met during her travels adopted children from the orphanage, including Josephine Baker, who also put on concerts to benefit the orphanage.[7]
Sawada was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, second class on April 29, 1972.[1]
She died of a heart attack in Mallorca on May 12, 1980.
Further reading
edit- Elizabeth Anne Hemphill, The Least of These: Miki Sawada and Her Children (1981), Weatherhill, ISBN 0834801558
See also
edit- Mabel Grammer, who did similar work with mixed race orphans in Germany
References
edit- ^ a b "Sawada Miki". Kotobanku (in Japanese). Asahi Digital. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
- ^ McDonald, Andrew T. (2018). Paul Rusch in postwar Japan : Evangelism, rural development, and the battle against communism. McDonald, Verlaine Stoner. Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813176093. OCLC 1056691645.
- ^ "キリスト教人物伝". www2.plala.or.jp. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
- ^ a b Nishimura, Sey (August 2009). "Promoting Health in American-Occupied Japan Resistance to Allied Public Health Measures, 1945-1952". American Journal of Public Health. 99 (8): 1364–1375. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.150532. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 2707457. PMID 19542032.
- ^ "HWS: Miki Sawada". www.hws.edu. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
- ^ "vol.23 澤田美喜（下）｜三菱グループホームページ". www.mitsubishi.com. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
- ^ Ara, Konomi (2010-03-30). "Josephine Baker: A Chanteuse and a Fighter". Journal of Transnational American Studies. 2 (1).