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Murders of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen and Maren Ueland

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On 17 December 2018, the bodies of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen, a 24-year-old Danish woman, and Maren Ueland, a 28-year-old Norwegian woman, were found decapitated in the foothills of Mount Toubkal near to the village of Imlil in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco.[4][2]

Murders of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen and Maren Ueland
Imlil in Morocco
Imlil in Morocco
Imlil
Imlil (Morocco)
LocationFoothills of Mount Toubkal, close to the village of Imlil, Morocco[1]
DateDecember 17, 2018 (bodies discovered)
Attack type
Decapitation, stabbing[2]
VictimsLouisa Vesterager Jespersen
Maren Ueland
Perpetrators Islamic State
AssailantsAbdessamad Ejjoud
Younes Ouaziyad
Rachid Afatti
No. of participants
24
MotiveIslamic extremism
Revenge for the Battle of Hajin[3]
Verdict3 sentenced to death, 20 sentenced to 5 to 30 years in prison
ConvictionsMurder

A total of 18 men have been arrested by Moroccan Police in relation to the murders. The murders were described by the Moroccan general prosecutor as a terrorist act, after a video released on the Internet showed several of the suspects swearing allegiance to the Islamic State while decapitating Jespersen.[5][6]

Background

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Further information: Islamic terrorism § Morocco

Louisa Vesterager Jespersen (born 1994) grew up in Ikast, Denmark. She attended Vestre School, and became a student at the Ikast-Brande Gymnasium [da] in 2013. She had been traveling to various countries, such as Argentina, Peru, and Norway. Jespersen applied for participation in the Fjällräven Polar expedition in 2017 and 2018.

Maren Ueland (born 1990) was from Bryne, Norway.

Jespersen and Ueland were students at the University of South-Eastern Norway, where they studied outdoor recreation and nature guidance to become tour guides.[7] The pair had arrived in Morocco on 9 December as tourists, with the intention of trekking and "chasing experiences", according to Jespersen's mother.[6] The two women first arrived in Marrakesh, before traveling to Imlil in the Atlas Mountains. The village of Imlil is popular with travellers as the main base for summiting Toubkal, which is the highest peak in North Africa.[4]

Four attackers had shared a video on social media before the attacks, pledging allegiance to the ISIS terror group, and discussed "destruction caused by the warplanes of the Crusader alliance". One of the attackers stated, "Keep fighting the enemies of Allah, wherever you are, you have no excuse and, be informed that we are your supporters… you have allies among us".[8]

According to Swedish Defense University researcher Magnus Ranstorp, terrorists attacking tourists is not a new phenomenon, and it aims to destabilize the country where such attacks take place.[6]

While Morocco is generally seen as a secure destination for tourists, the last terrorist attack happened in 2011, where 17 people were killed by a bombing at a restaurant in Marrakesh, over 1600 people have traveled from Morocco to join the Islamic State in the Syrian civil war. Moroccan authorities initially ignored the people who joined ISIS, but later on realised they could return to commit terrorist offences in Morocco. As a result, the Bureau central d'investigation judiciaire [fr] (BCIJ) was formed.[9]

According to a researcher at the Danish Institute for International Studies, "Moroccan authorities appear to have a good grip on the jihadist situation, and cooperate with European and US authorities". Moroccans are overrepresented in "diaspora terrorism", which is terrorism which takes place outside the borders of Morocco; for example, two Moroccans were behind the 2017 London Bridge attack, a Moroccan killed people by driving his van into pedestrians in La Rambla in the 2017 Barcelona terrorist attacks, and the following day, another Moroccan killed two women and wounded 8 other victims in the 2017 Turku attack.[9]

Murders and investigation

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The village of Imlil and the surrounding valley

On the morning of 17 December 2018, a pair of French hikers came across the decapitated bodies of the victims, and their tent, near a trail connecting Imlil to Mount Toubkal.[10] A suspect named Abderrahim Khayali was quickly apprehended following the incident, after police found an ID in the victims' tent, that had been left behind by the suspect.[11] Three additional suspects, Abdessamad Ejjoud, Rachid Afatti, and Younes Ouaziyad, were later apprehended by the police while riding a bus during the morning rush hour in the nearby city of Marrakesh.[12] The three suspects were caught in possession of bladed weapons. Abdessamad Ejjoud is assumed to be the leader of the group, and the four men had shot a video the week before the murders, where they pledged allegiance to ISIS.[13]

The killers had agreed to carry out a terrorist act on either security services or foreign tourists, before deciding to travel to the Imlil region to look for foreigners, and where they would target the two backpackers.[14] In the video of the killings, the attackers can be heard shouting "enemies of Allah", and "revenge for our brothers in Hajin".[3]

Moroccan police later made additional arrests of individuals believed to have connections with the suspects.[5]

Trial

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In total, 24 went on trial in Salé, near Rabat in Morocco. Of those charged, 23 suspects are Moroccans from Marrakesh, and one is a Swiss-Spanish Muslim convert. Three of them were charged with murder, and the other 23 of various terrorist charges.[7]

In May 2019, one of the suspects admitted to killing one of the women. He had previously been jailed for having attempted to join the Islamic State in Syria, and was released in 2015.[7]

In July 2019, three of the suspects were given a death sentence, which their lawyer said he would appeal.[15]

Appeal

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On 31 October 2019, the death sentence for three of the convicted was upheld by the anti-terrorist court in Salé. In total, 24 suspects connected to the murders, or who were members of the jihadist cell, were sentenced.[16]

The prime suspect, Abdessamad Ejjoud, was 25 years of age and organized the murder expedition with two accomplices, Younes Ouaziyad (27) and Rachid Afatti (33) who filmed the murders. A fourth suspect, Abderrahim Khayali, had his sentence elevated from life imprisonment to the death penalty. Khayali was part of the expedition into the mountain, but left the group before the killings. The court upheld received sentences from 5 to 30 years in prison for nineteen of the accused, and elevated one sentence from 15 to 20 years in prison. Ejjoud used his chance to speak before the sentence to ask for the death penalty, as he believed in neither the laws nor human rights. Ouaziyad and Afatti recited verses from the Quran.[16][17]

Like in the first trial, the court ordered the four prime suspects to pay 190,000 euros to the parents of Maren Ueland.[16]

The death penalty is still in effect in Morocco. In practice, no executions have taken place since 1993.[16][17]

As of 2024, the suspects are still awaiting execution.[18] On 28 February 2023, Abderrahmane Khayali committed suicide by hanging with a piece of cloth taken from his clothes anchored to a window; he was awaiting execution at the local prison in Oujda.[19][20][21]

Funerals

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The remains of the victims were flown to Copenhagen, Denmark on 21 December 2018.[22]

Jespersen's funeral was held in her native town of Ikast, Denmark on 12 January.[23] The Prime Minister of Denmark, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, attended the funeral.[24]

Ueland was buried on 21 January in Jæren, Norway. The Norwegian Minister of Health, Bent Høie, and the Moroccan Ambassador, Lamia Radi, attended the ceremony.[25]

Aftermath

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In Morocco, news of the attack was met with widespread outrage and condemnation. The incident received extensive coverage in the international press. Reactions in the native countries of the victims were of shock and outrage. A public torchlit vigil was held in Ueland's native town of Bryne in support of her family and loved ones.[22]

Vigils for the victims were held in Rabat, Morocco at the embassies of Norway and Denmark, along with vigils in Marrakesh and Imlil.[26]

Two videos, one depicting the murder, and another where the suspects filmed themselves swearing allegiance to ISIS, were published onto social media.[27] Moroccan authorities and Norway's National Criminal Investigation Service agents have said the videos are authentic.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Suspect held after Scandinavian tourists killed in Moroccan mountains". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b Altaher, Nada; Picheta, Rob (21 December 2018). "Arrests made after two tourists beheaded in Morocco". CNN. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  3. ^ a b Beaumont, Peter (20 December 2018). "Morocco murders: agents investigate footage as terror fears mount". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  4. ^ a b "Scandinavian student murders: nine more arrested in Morocco". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  5. ^ a b c "Video allegedly shows university students' murders in Morocco". CBS News. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  6. ^ a b c Thykier, Michael; Haislund, Jacob (20 December 2018). "Islamisk Stat i søgelyset efter drab på to veninder". Jyllands-Posten (in Danish). Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  7. ^ a b c "Morocco suspect admits killing Scandinavian hiker". BBC News. 31 May 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  8. ^ Bachl, Matt (21 December 2018). "Moroccan four 'swore allegiance to ISIS' before decapitating female tourist". 9News. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  9. ^ a b Plesner, Eva (20 December 2018). "Mindst 1.600 marokkanere sluttede sig til IS: Nu har Marokko et problem med "hellige krigere"". Jyllands-Posten (in Danish). Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  10. ^ Skjetne, Oda Leraan; Mikalsen, Helge; Sandnes, Ådne Husby; Haram, Ola (19 December 2018). "De fant Maren og Louisa drept: – Det var forferdelig". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  11. ^ Bellaouali, Ismail; Mekouar, Hamza (22 December 2018). "'Radical' young men key suspects in Morocco tourist murders". MSN News. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  12. ^ "'Radical' young men key suspects in Morocco tourist murders". Agence France-Presse. 22 December 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019 – via France24.
  13. ^ Chamberlain, Samuel (24 December 2018). "'Mastermind' of backpacker beheadings arrested, Moroccan officials say". Fox News. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  14. ^ O'Neill, Marnie (27 December 2018). "What 'lone wolf' gang did before Scandinavian tourist beheadings". news.com.au. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  15. ^ "Morocco hikers: Three get death penalty for Scandinavian tourist murders". BBC News. 18 July 2019. Retrieved 2019-07-19.
  16. ^ a b c d "Scandinaves assassinées au Maroc : peine de mort confirmée pour les trois auteurs" (in French). 2019-10-31. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  17. ^ a b "Morocco backpacker murders: Court confirms death penalty for killers | DW | 31.10.2019". DW.COM. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
  18. ^ "Three sentenced to death for Morocco backpacker murders". Reuters. 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2023-01-24.
  19. ^ "Meurtre d'Imlil: suicide de l'un des détenus à la prison d'Oujda". Médias24 (in French). 2023-03-01. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
  20. ^ معروف, غير (28 February 2023). "مندوبية السجون تعلن انتحار محكوم بالإعدام ضمن خلية "شمهروش" بسجن وجدة". al3omk.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 2023-03-01.
  21. ^ "Affaire Chamharouch : Condamné à mort, Abderrahmane Khayali se suicide en prison". L'Opinion (in French). Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  22. ^ a b Skodje, Marte (21 December 2018). "Marens familie takker for støtten". NRK (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  23. ^ "Danish PM joins hundreds at funeral for Dane slain in Morocco". The Local Denmark. Agence France-Presse. 12 January 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2019 – via The Local.
  24. ^ "Danish woman Louisa Vesterager Jespersen, murdered in Morocco, mourned by hundreds at funeral". news.com.au. 13 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  25. ^ "Mördad norska begravdes". Göteborgs-Posten (in Swedish). 21 January 2019. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  26. ^ "Morocco vigils for murdered Scandinavians". BBC News. 22 December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-23.
  27. ^ O'Neill, Marnie (27 December 2018). "Family urges public not to watch Scandinavian tourist decapitation video". news.com.au. Retrieved 24 April 2019.

Further reading

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