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Detroit Olympia

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Detroit Olympia, also known as Olympia Stadium, was a multi-purpose arena in Detroit. Nicknamed "The Old Red Barn", it was best known as the home of the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL) from its opening in 1927 to 1979.

Detroit Olympia
"The Old Red Barn"[1]
Detroit Olympia in November 1964
Map
Address5920 Grand River Avenue[1]
LocationDetroit, Michigan[1]
Coordinates42°21′16″N 83°6′2″W / 42.35444°N 83.10056°W / 42.35444; -83.10056
OwnerDetroit Red Wings
(Olympia Stadium Corporation)[6]
Capacity15,000
Construction
Broke groundMarch 8, 1927[1]
OpenedOctober 15, 1927[1][2]
ClosedFebruary 21, 1980[3]
DemolishedJuly 10, 1986[4][5]
Construction costUS$2.5 million[7]
($43.9 million in 2023 dollars[8])
ArchitectC. Howard Crane[1]
General contractorWalbridge Aldinger Co.[9]
Tenants
Detroit Cougars/Falcons/Red Wings (NHL) (1927–1979)
Detroit Olympics (CPHL/IHL) (1927–1936)
Detroit Falcons (BAA) (1946–1947)
Detroit Pistons (NBA) (1957–1961)

History

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Several Detroit businessmen organized the Detroit Hockey Club, Inc. in 1926 and purchased the Victoria Cougars hockey team, along with a site at the corner of Grand River Avenue and McGraw Street to construct an arena and engaged Detroit-based Walbridge Aldinger as general contractor.[10] In July 1926, the Detroit Hockey Club unveiled drawings for the Olympia Stadium to be built on the site.[11] The cornerstone for the building was laid by Mayor John W. Smith on March 8, 1927.[12]

The Olympia opened on October 15, 1927; at that time the only other buildings that exceeded its seating capacity were Madison Square Garden and the London Olympia.[13] The opening event was the International Stampede and Rodeo, which ran from October 15 to October 22.[13][14] Shortly thereafter, the primary tenants of the building, the NHL Cougars, began their long residence. The Cougars played their first game at the Olympia on November 22, 1927, and Detroit's Johnny Sheppard scored the first goal at the new building.[15] However, the visiting Ottawa Senators defeated the Cougars, 2–1. The Cougars later became the Falcons and finally, in 1932, were named the Detroit Red Wings by new owner James E. Norris.[1]

In addition to the Red Wings, the Olympia was also home to the Detroit Olympics International Hockey League minor league team in the 1930s, the BAA's Detroit Falcons from 1946 to 1947, and the NBA's Detroit Pistons from 1957 to 1961; that period marked the only time until the opening of Little Caesars Arena in 2017 that the Red Wings and Pistons shared the same arena on a full-time basis.[16][17][18] It hosted the NHL All-Star Game in 1950, 1952, 1954, and 1955, the NBA All-Star Game in 1959 and the NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship (known as the "Frozen Four") in 1977 and 1979.[19]

The Olympia was also a major venue for boxing through the International Boxing Club (featuring such prominent fights as Jake LaMotta's defeats of Sugar Ray Robinson) and professional wrestling, as well as other events such as the 1931 American Legion Convention which was addressed by President Herbert Hoover, and regular visits by the Harlem Globetrotters, Ice Capades, Shipstads and Johnson Ice Follies.[20] It hosted concerts by The Beatles on September 6, 1964, and August 13, 1966,[21] as well as concerts by other popular performers and bands, including Kiss, Led Zeppelin and Elvis Presley.[22][23][24]

By the late 1970s, the neighborhood surrounding the Olympia had been in decline since the 1967 riots.[22][25] In 1977, the Red Wings announced that they would be moving to a proposed arena in suburban Pontiac.[26] The city of Detroit would counter with a proposed riverfront arena for much less rent that Pontiac was seeking. The package included operational control of both the new arena, nearby Cobo Arena and the adjoining parking structures. The Red Wings accepted Detroit's offer.[27][28]

On December 15, 1979, three days after the first event held at Joe Louis Arena, the Red Wings played their final home game at the Olympia, a 4–4 tie against the Quebec Nordiques. Attendance at that game was 15,609. They would move to Joe Louis Arena on December 27.[29] The final event at the building took place on February 21, 1980.[3] It was demolished on July 10, 1986.[4][5] Currently, the Michigan National Guard's Olympia Armory occupies the site. A historical marker posted inside the armory commemorates the Olympia.[22][30]

The original OLYMPIA letters that adorned the sides of the building were placed into storage at Joe Louis Arena, then installed in Little Caesars Arena in 2017, which became the new home for the Red Wings.[31]

Architecture

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The building was 107 feet (32.6 m) tall and constructed of a steel frame faced with red brick with brown terra cotta and stone trim in a Romanesque Revival style. The Grand River and McGraw facades originally included 13 storefronts.[1][32] Near the parapet were terra cotta medallions depicting various athletes. When it opened, Olympia contained the largest indoor skating rink in the United States at 242 ft (74 m) by 110 ft (34 m).[14][22]

The Grand River facade featured three-story arched windows with a large recessed arch in the center. The large arch originally was filled with black glass. However, in later years, it was covered with wood, painted with the Red Wings emblem. Topping the facade was a pediment creating a gable-shaped roof.[14]

The arena had five levels. The ground level through which patrons entered and featured a concourse that circled the seating area. Above were the mezzanine, main seating level and balcony. A fifth level not open to the public was just under the roof trusses. The trusses spanned 186 ft (57 m) and were 90 ft (27 m) above the floor.[14]

The initial seating capacity was 11,563.[22][33] On June 23, 1965, work began to add 81 ft (25 m) to the rear of the structure. The addition was four stories high and included additional seating and an escalator to improve patron access to the upper levels. It expanded seating to 13,375 in 1966 with standing room for 3,300 during hockey games.[33] In addition to the new seats, the original 11,563 seats were replaced at a cost of $23 each and new boards and timeclocks were installed.[14]

While not one of the most decorative, architect C. Howard Crane considered Olympia to be one of his most significant buildings. He noted the importance of the refrigeration system buried beneath the concrete. Within the 77,393 square feet (7,190.0 m2) of available floor space were 74,880 ft (22,820 m) of piping. The system was replaced in 1967 and the final modification to the building was the addition of private boxes in 1970.[14]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Avison, Charles. "Olympia Stadium". Historic Detroit. Archived from the original on September 28, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  2. ^ Wimmer, Robert (2000). Detroit's Olympia Stadium. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7385-0787-3. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  3. ^ a b Wimmer, Robert (2000). Detroit's Olympia Stadium. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 978-0-7385-0787-3. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  4. ^ a b "Olympia's walls come tumbling down". Detroit Free Press. July 10, 1986. Archived from the original on September 3, 2024. Retrieved September 3, 2024.
  5. ^ "Company History". Olympia Entertainment. Archived from the original on February 9, 2014. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  6. ^ "Stadium Construction Financing: If You Fund It ..." Crain's Detroit Business. April 13, 2014. Archived from the original on August 31, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2014.
  7. ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  8. ^ Wimmer, Robert (2000). Detroit's Olympia Stadium. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7385-0787-3. Archived from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  9. ^ Gallagher, John (April 3, 2016). "Detroit-based Walbridge marks 100 years of building". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on February 17, 2022. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  10. ^ "$1,250,000 Arena Planned for City: Detroit Hockey Club to Build at McGraw and Grand River Avenues". Detroit Free Press. August 1, 1926. p. 5. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  11. ^ "'Stone Is Laid: Mayor Smith Wield Trowel at Olympia". Detroit Free Press. March 9, 1927. p. 18. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  12. ^ a b "Cowboys Here to Open Arena: Great Olympia's Doors to Swing for Public Today; Formal Dedication Monday". Detroit Free Press. October 15, 1927. p. 4. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  13. ^ a b c d e f "Olympia Arena, 5920 Grand River Avenue, Detroit, Wayne, Michigan" (PDF). Library of Congress-Historic American Buildings Survey. 1986. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
  14. ^ "Wings of Legend-Johnny Sheppard". NHL.com. Archived from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
  15. ^ "Detroit Olympics hockey team statistics and history". Hockeydb.com. Archived from the original on September 21, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
  16. ^ "Detroit Falcons Basketball". NBA Hoops Online. Archived from the original on August 4, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
  17. ^ Haddad, Ken (September 21, 2016). "This isn't the first time the Pistons and Red Wings shared a home". WDIV News. Archived from the original on July 23, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  18. ^
  19. ^
  20. ^ "The Beatles North American Concert Tickets". rarebeatles.com. 2001. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2013.
  21. ^ a b c d e Lee, Ardelia (July 15, 2016). "A Great Arena on Grand River That's Now Gone: The Story of Detroit's Olympia Stadium". Daily Detroit. Archived from the original on May 29, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  22. ^ "Olympia Stadium - October 18, 1969 / Detroit". Led Zeppelin. 21 September 2007. Archived from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  23. ^ "Olympia Stadium - January 31, 1975 / Detroit". Led Zeppelin. 22 September 2007. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  24. ^ Krupa, Greg (October 17, 2016). "The Final Period Begins for Joe Louis Arena". The Detroit News. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  25. ^ "Red Wings Announce Move to Pontiac, Mich". The New York Times. Associated Press. April 2, 1977. Archived from the original on December 22, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2019.
  26. ^ Seidel, Jeff (April 6, 2017). "Joe Louis Arena: Saying good-bye to the heart of Hockeytown". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on February 25, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  27. ^ Henderson, Tom (September 10, 2017). "Of Olympia, Joe Louis Arena and a near-miss with history". Crain's Detroit Business. Archived from the original on September 10, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  28. ^ "Tickets". NHL.com. Archived from the original on February 27, 2015. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  29. ^ Bak, Richard (December 7, 2011). "Memories were made at The Old Red Barn". Vintage Detroit. Archived from the original on June 25, 2022. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
  30. ^ "Old Olympia letters go up at Red Wings new home, Little Caesars Arena". WXYZ News. August 30, 2017. Archived from the original on April 18, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  31. ^ "Olympia Arena (Olympia Stadium), Detroit Michigan". Historic Structures. October 17, 2013. Archived from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved August 5, 2023.
  32. ^ a b Falls, Joe (September 30, 1995). "Those Magnificent Men in Red". The Detroit News. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
Events and tenants
Preceded by Home of the
Detroit Cougars/Falcons/Red Wings
1927 – 1979 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Home of the
Detroit Pistons
1957 – 1961 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
First Arena
 Home of the
Detroit Olympics
1929 – 1936 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of the
NHL All-Star Game
1950
1952
1954–1955 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of the
NBA All-Star Game
1959 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of the
Frozen Four
1977 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of the
Frozen Four
1979 		Succeeded by
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