Catherine Labouré, DC (May 2, 1806 – December 31, 1876) was a French member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul and a Marian visionary. She is believed to have relayed the request from the Blessed Virgin Mary to create the Miraculous Medal, now worn by millions of people around the world. Labouré spent forty years caring for the aged and infirm. For this, she is called the patroness of seniors.
Catherine Labouré | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Virgin | |
| Born | May 2, 1806 Fain-lès-Moutiers, Côte-d'Or, France |
| Died | December 31, 1876 (aged 70) Reuilly, Paris, France |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Beatified | 28 May 1933, Vatican City by Pope Pius XI |
| Canonized | 27 July 1947, Vatican City by Pope Pius XII |
| Major shrine | Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, Paris, France 48°51′04″N 2°19′26″E / 48.850974°N 2.323770°E |
| Feast | 28 November |
| Attributes | Daughters of Charity habit, Miraculous Medal |
Early life
editCatherine Labouré was born on 2 May 1806, in the Burgundy region of France to Madeleine Louise Gontard and Pierre Labouré, a farmer. She was the 9th of 11 living children.[1] Her baptismal name was Zoe,[2] but her family rarely used that name. Labouré's mother died on 9 October 1815, when Labouré was nine years old.
She and her sister Marie Antoinette moved to their aunt's house at Saint-Rémy, a village 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from their home.[3] It is there that Catherine had a dream of a priest, whom she later recognised as Vincent de Paul. The priest said to her: 'My daughter, it is good to care for the sick. For now, you flee from me, but one day you will be glad to approach me. God has plans for you. Don't forget it!'.[4][5]
At the age of 12, Catherine returned to her father's farm to help care for her family. Later, her father, wishing to deter her from her religious vocation, sent her to Paris to work in his brothers’ eating establishment for poor workers. There she observed their suffering and continued to desire a life as a nurse with the Daughters of Charity.
Labouré began her novitiate on April 21, 1830 at the convent on the Rue du Bac in Paris and on, January 30, 1831, she took her vows. It is at this convent that she had the visions of the Virgin Mary that led to the creation of the Miraculous Medal.[6]
Visions
editVincent de Paul
editIn April 1830, the remains of Vincent de Paul were translated to the Vincentian church in Paris. The solemnities included a novena. On three successive evenings, upon returning from the church to the Rue du Bac, Catherine reportedly experienced, in the convent chapel, a vision of what she took to be the heart of St. Vincent above a shrine containing a relic from his right arm. Each time the heart appeared a different color: white, red, and black. She interpreted this to mean that the Vincentian communities would prosper, and that there would be a change of government. The convent chaplain advised her to forget the matter.[7]
Blessed Virgin Mary
editLabouré stated that on July 19, 1830, the eve of the feast of St. Vincent de Paul, she woke up after hearing the voice of a child calling her to the chapel, where she heard the Virgin Mary say to her, "God wishes to charge you with a mission. You will be contradicted, but do not fear; you will have the grace to do what is necessary. Tell your spiritual director all that passes within you. Times are evil in France and in the world".[7]
On November 27, 1830, Labouré reported that Mary returned to her during evening meditations. She displayed herself inside an oval frame, standing upon a globe; rays of light came out of her hands in the direction of a globe. Around the margin of the frame appeared the words "O Mary, conceived without sin, pray for us who have recourse to thee." As Labouré watched, the frame seemed to rotate, showing a circle of twelve stars, a large letter M surmounted by a cross, and the stylized Sacred Heart of Jesus and Immaculate Heart of Mary underneath. Asked why some of the rays of light did not reach the earth, Mary reportedly replied, "Those are the graces for which people forget to ask." Mary then asked her to take these images to her father confessor, telling him that they should be put on medallions. "All who wear them will receive great graces."[8]
Labouré did so, and after two years of investigation and observation of her normal daily behavior, the priest took the information to his archbishop without revealing her identity. The request was approved and the design of the medallions was commissioned through French goldsmith Adrien Vachette.[9] They proved to be exceedingly popular—the Miraculous Medal was quickly adopted by millions of the Catholic faithful. It also played an important role in the proclamation by Pope Pius IX of the Immaculate Conception on December 8, 1854.[10] The dogma of the Immaculate Conception had not yet been officially promulgated, but the medal, with its "conceived without sin" slogan, was influential in popular approval of the idea.
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Portrait of Sister Catherine at the time of the apparitions -
Convent of the Sisters of Charity, 136-140 Rue du Bac, Paris -
Detail from the Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal in Paris
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Later life and service to the poor and elderly
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Immediately after taking her vows, Labouré was sent to the Hospice d'Enghien, located in the village of Reuilly, which, at the time, was slightly outside the city limits of Paris. She spent the next forty years there, caring for the elderly and infirm. For this, she is called the patroness of seniors.[11]
During this time, she not only cared for the sick, but also worked on the hospice's farm, looked after the poultry and cleaned the stables. Her life was notable for her devotion to the poor and elderly and for her humility and profound silence.[12]
Death and legacy
editLabouré died in the Hospice on December 31, 1876, at the age of 70. Her body was later moved and is now encased in glass beneath the side altar in the Chapel of Our Lady of Graces of the Miraculous Medal in 140 Rue du Bac, Paris.[13]
Her cause for sainthood was declared upon discovery that her body was incorrupt. She was beatified on May 28, 1933, by Pope Pius XI and canonized on July 27, 1947, by Pope Pius XII.[14]
Labouré's feast day is observed on November 28 according to the liturgical calendar of the Congregation of the Mission, the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris. She is listed in the Martyrologium Romanum for December 31.[15]
Gallery
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The incorrupt body of Saint Catherine Labouré -
The Miraculous Medal of Our Lady of Graces -
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The Our Lady of Graces Chapel's altar in Rue du Bac, Paris
See also
editCitations
edit- ^ Poole, Stafford (October 1, 1999). "Pierre Coste and Catherine Laboure: The Conflict of Historical Criticism and Popular Devotion". Vincentian Heritage Journal. 20 (2): 253–302. ISSN 0277-2205.
- ^ "Catherine Labouré | Chapelle Notre-Dame de la Médaille Miraculeuse". archive.wikiwix.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2007. Retrieved November 3, 2021.
- ^ Aladel, C.M., M. (1880). The Miraculous Medal, its Origin, History, Circulation, Results. Philadelphia: H.L.Kilner & Co. pp. 2–3.
- ^ Crapez, C.M., Edmond (1920). Venerable Sister Catherine Laboure, Sister of Charity of St. Vincent De Paul. London: Burns, Oates, & Washbourne. p. 9.
- ^ Catholic Online. "Saint Catherine Labouré". Catholic Online. Archived from the original on September 19, 2002. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
- ^ Chiron, Yves (2007). Enquête sur les apparitions de la Vierge. Perrin. pp. 175–177. ISBN 978-2-262-02832-9.
- ^ a b Dirvin, C.M., Joseph I. (1958). Saint Catherine Laboure of the Miraculous Medal. Tan Books & Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-89555-242-6.
- ^ "St. Catherine Laboure". Catholic News Agency. November 28, 2012. Archived from the original on April 6, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.
- ^ Mack, John (2003). The museum of the mind: art and memory in world cultures. British Museum.
- ^ Free, Missel. "8 décembre immaculé conception". Missel Free. Archived from the original on April 29, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
- ^ Tiblis, Laurence. "Home". The Miraculous Medal Shrine. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
- ^ René Laurentin et Patrick Sbalchiero (2007). Dictionnaire des 'apparitions' de la Vierge Marie. Fayard. pp. 704–705. ISBN 9782213-671321.
- ^ "AMM - Story of St Catherine". www.amm.org. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
- ^ "St. Catherine Laboure – Saints & Angels – Catholic Online". Catholic Online. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
- ^ "Holy Spirit Interactive Kids: A Saint a Day – St. Catherine Laboure". www.holyspiritinteractive.net. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
General bibliography
edit- Saint Catherine Labouré of the Miraculous Medal, by Joseph I Dirvin, CM, TAN Books and Publishers, Inc, 1958/84. ISBN 0-89555-242-6
- Saint Catherine Labouré and the Miraculous Medal, Alma Power-Waters, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, 1962. ISBN 0-89870-765-X
- The Life of Catherine Labouré, by René Laurentin, Collins, 1980. ISBN 0-00-599747-X
External links
edit
- Joseph I. Dirvin, C.M. "St. Catherine Laboure of the Miraculous Medal". Full text of official biography.
- "Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, rue du Bac, Paris".
- "Saint Catherine Labouré: mystic and messenger of the Miraculous Medal". Invisible Monastery of charity and fraternity – Christian family prayer. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018.
