The London Gazette is one of the official journals of record or government gazettes of the Government of the United Kingdom, and the most important among such official journals in the United Kingdom, in which certain statutory notices are required to be published. The Gazette is not a conventional newspaper offering general news coverage. It does not have a large circulation.
 | |
 A London Gazette reprint of its front page from 3–10 September 1666, reporting on the Great Fire of London | |
| Type | Daily newspaper |
|---|---|
| Format | Broadsheet |
| Founded | 7 November 1665 |
| Language | English |
| Headquarters | United Kingdom |
| Website | thegazette |
Other official newspapers of the UK government are The Edinburgh Gazette and The Belfast Gazette, which, apart from reproducing certain materials of nationwide interest published in The London Gazette, also contain publications specific to Scotland and Northern Ireland, respectively. In turn, The London Gazette carries not only notices of UK-wide interest, but also those relating specifically to entities or people in England and Wales. However, certain notices that are only of specific interest to Scotland or Northern Ireland are also required to be published in The London Gazette.
The London, Edinburgh and Belfast Gazettes are published by TSO (The Stationery Office) on behalf of His Majesty's Stationery Office. They are subject to Crown copyright.
The London Gazette claims to be the oldest surviving English newspaper and the oldest continuously published newspaper in the UK, having been first published on 7 November 1665 as The Oxford Gazette.[1][2] The claim to being oldest is also made by the Stamford Mercury (1712) and Berrow's Worcester Journal (1690).[3][4]
Current publication
editThe London Gazette is published each weekday, except for bank holidays. Notices for the following, among others, are published:
- Granting of royal assent to bills of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Scottish Parliament, the Senedd and the Northern Ireland Assembly
- The issuance of writs of election when a vacancy occurs in the House of Commons
- Appointments to certain public offices
- Commissions in the Armed Forces and subsequent promotion of officers
- Corporate and personal insolvency
- Granting of awards of honours and military medals
- Changes of names or of coats of arms
- Royal proclamations and other declarations
His Majesty's Stationery Office has digitised all issues of The Gazette, and these are available online.[5]
The official Gazettes are published by The Stationery Office. The content is available in a number of machine-readable formats, including XML (delivery by email/FTP) and XML/RDFa via Atom feed.[6]
History
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The London Gazette was first published as The Oxford Gazette on 7 November 1665. Charles II and the Royal Court had moved to Oxford to escape the Great Plague of London, and courtiers were unwilling to touch London newspapers for fear of contagion. The Gazette was "Published by Authority" by Henry Muddiman, and its first publication is noted by Samuel Pepys in his diary. The King returned to London as the plague dissipated, and the Gazette moved too, with the first issue of The London Gazette (labelled No. 24) being published on 5 February 1666.[7] The Gazette was not a newspaper in the modern sense: it was sent by post to subscribers, not printed for sale to the general public.[8]
His Majesty's Stationery Office took over the publication of the Gazette in 1889. Publication of the Gazette was transferred to the private sector in 2006, under government supervision, when HMSO was sold and renamed The Stationery Office.[9]
Dates before 1 January 1752
editUntil Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 came into effect on 1 January 1752 (N.S.), the Gazette was published with a date based on the Julian calendar with the start of year as 25 March. (Modern secondary sources may adjust the start of the calendar year during this period to 1 January, while retaining the original day and month. Using this adjustment, an issue with a printed date of 24 March 1723 (O.S.) will be reported as being published in 1724 – the same solar year as an issue published two days later, on 26 March 1724.)
"Gazetted"
editIn time of war, dispatches from the various conflicts are published in The London Gazette. Soldiers who are mentioned in despatches will also be named in the Gazette. When members of the armed forces are promoted, and these promotions are published here, the person is said to have been "gazetted".
Being "gazetted" (or "in the gazette") also meant having official notice of one's bankruptcy published,[10] as in the classic ten-line poem comparing the stolid tenant farmer of 1722 to the lavishly spending faux-genteel farmers of 1822:[11]
Notices of engagement and marriage were also formerly published in the Gazette.
Colonial gazettes
editGazettes, modelled on The London Gazette, were issued for most British colonial possessions.[citation needed] Many of these continued after independence, and to the present day.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "No. 6231". The London Gazette. 4 January 1723. p. 1.; "No. 6257". The London Gazette. 4 April 1724. p. 1.
- ^ "No. 1". The Oxford Gazette. 7 November 1665. p. 1.
- ^ "The Rutland & Stamford Mercury". Archived from the original on 20 April 2008.
- ^ "Berrow's Worcester Journal – History of the newspaper". Worcester News. Newsquest. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
- ^ "Search Result". thegazette.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
- ^ "Data Re-use". The London Gazette. Archived from the original on 27 May 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
- ^ "No. 24". The London Gazette. 5 February 1666. p. 1.
- ^ McSmith, Andy (30 December 2013). "Yet another end of an era: 'The London Gazette', the UK's most venerable publication, goes online". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ Harrington, Ben (25 April 2006). "Stationery Office sale may net £100m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ "Bankruptcy Act". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). United Kingdom: Lords. 26 June 1843. col. 365. Archived 5 November 2021 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ By William Hone (1827); published by Hunt and Clarke.
External links
edit
- London, Edinburgh and Belfast Gazettes official site
- Works by The London Gazette at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
