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1992 United States presidential election in Georgia

Main article: 1992 United States presidential election

The 1992 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 3, 1992, and was part of the 1992 United States presidential election. Voters chose 13 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

1992 United States presidential election in Georgia
← 1988 November 3, 1992 1996 →
Turnout47%
 
Nominee Bill Clinton George H. W. Bush Ross Perot
Party Democratic Republican Independent
Home state Arkansas Texas Texas
Running mate Al Gore Dan Quayle James Stockdale
Electoral vote 13 0 0
Popular vote 1,008,966 995,252 309,657
Percentage 43.47% 42.88% 13.34%
County Results
President before election

George H. W. Bush
Republican

Elected President

Bill Clinton
Democratic

Georgia was won by Governor Bill Clinton (D-AR). The presidential contest in Georgia was the closest of any state that year, with Clinton winning 43.47% to 42.88% over Incumbent President George H. W. Bush (R-TX) by a thin margin of 0.59%. This made it the first time that Georgia had voted Democratic since 1980, when it voted for Jimmy Carter, who was the former Governor. The state flipped back into the Republican column in 1996 and stayed there until 2020.[1] From the mid-1960s into the 1990s, Georgia was a swing state in presidential elections, but also a state where Democrats generally dominated at the state and local level. Billionaire businessman Ross Perot (I-TX) finished in third, with a significant 13.34% of the popular vote.[2]

Background

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Georgia gave the Democratic nominee John F. Kennedy his second best result in the 1960 election, but the state broke away from the Democrats by voting for Republican nominee Barry Goldwater in 1964 and American Independent nominee George Wallace in 1968. Democratic nominee Jimmy Carter his home state of Georgia in 1976 and 1980. The Republican nominee won Georgia in the 1984 and 1988 presidential elections.[3]

Wyche Fowler defeated incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Mack Mattingly in the 1986 election.[4] In 1988, the Democrats retained control of the state legislature and nine of the state's ten seats in the U.S. House of Representatives despite losing the state in the presidential election.[5]

In September 1991, Governor Zell Miller proposed that Georgia's primaries should be held on March 3, 1992, one week ahead of Super Tuesday, in order to not be overshadowed by larger states. The state legislature approved this idea in January 1992.[6]

Primary

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Democratic

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Bill Clinton was endorsed by U.S. Senator Sam Nunn, Miller, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives Tom Murphy, and other major Democratic figures in the state. Miller introduced Clinton to Paul Begala, who managed Miller's 1990 gubernatorial campaign, and James Carville. Bob Kerrey had the support of Secretary of State Max Cleland and Agricultural Commissioner Tommy Irvin.[7]

Jesse Jackson won Georgia in the 1988 Democratic primary and Clinton was suffering from a lack of support among black voters. Around 10% of black voters in the south supported him in January 1992, compared to 34% for Jerry Brown. Clinton was endorsed by U.S. Representative John Lewis, Mayor Maynard Jackson, and former Mayor Andrew Young.[8] Mike Thurmond, the chair of the Legislative Black Caucus, supported Paul Tsongas.[9]

Tsongas spent $122,295 in the Atlanta media market compared to Clinton's $115,740. Brown only paid for ads on cable television.[9]

Clinton placed first in 158 of the state's 159 counties. He received 52% of the white vote, had a five to one margin with black voters compared to Tsongas, and won 80% of high school dropouts.[10] Kerry withdrew after the primary on March 5, and Tom Harkin on March 9.[11]

Republican

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Pat Buchanan focused more on the Georgia primary rather than the ones occurring in Maryland and Colorado on the same day. Buchanan spent $387,723 on television ads in the state compared to George H. W. Bush's $216,053. Buchanan received 44–47% of the male vote and around 25% of female voters. 86% of his supporters stated that they voted for him to send a message to Bush.[12]

General

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137,182 signatures were required for Ross Perot to appear on the ballot. His supporters submitted the signatures on June 27, and they were certified on August 31.[13]

The vice presidential debate was hosted in Atlanta on October 13.[14]

As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last time that Democrats would carry Pickens, Franklin, Lumpkin, Morgan, Lincoln, Brantley, Bacon, Worth, Bleckley, Monroe, Jeff Davis, Jones, Candler, Haralson, and Laurens counties.[15] Ware County was tied, making this the last time it did not vote Republican, and the last time any county in the United States was tied between the Democratic and Republican parties.[15]

The Republicans won in the concurrent U.S. Senate election. Their seat total in the Georgia House of Representatives rose from 34 to 50 and in the Georgia State Senate from 11 to 13.[16]

Results

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1992 United States presidential election in Georgia[1]
Party Candidate Running mate Votes Percentage Electoral votes
Democratic Bill Clinton Al Gore 1,008,966 43.47% 13
Republican George H. W. Bush (incumbent) Dan Quayle (incumbent) 995,252 42.88% 0
Independent Ross Perot James Stockdale 309,657 13.34% 0
Libertarian Andre Marrou Nancy Lord 7,110 0.31% 0
America First James "Bo" Gritz (write-in) Cyril Minett 78[a] 0.00% 0
New Alliance Party Lenora Fulani (write-in) Maria Elizabeth Muñoz 44[a] 0.00% 0
Other write-ins — — 10[a] 0.00% 0
Socialist Workers James Warren (write-in) Estelle DeBates 9[a] 0.00% 0
Taxpayers Howard Phillips (write-in) Albion Knight, Jr. 7[a] 0.00% 0
Totals 2,321,133 100.00% 13
Voter turnout (Voting age) 47%

Results by county

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County Bill Clinton
Democratic 		George H.W. Bush
Republican 		Ross Perot
Independent 		Andre Marrou
Libertarian 		Margin Total votes cast
# % # % # % # % # %
Appling 2,455 40.73% 2,514 41.71% 1,047 17.37% 11 0.18% -59 -0.98% 6,027
Atkinson 1,056 48.33% 779 35.65% 342 15.65% 8 0.37% 277 12.68% 2,185
Bacon 1,423 42.67% 1,301 39.01% 604 18.11% 7 0.21% 122 3.66% 3,335
Baker 864 58.86% 391 26.63% 210 14.31% 3 0.20% 473 32.23% 1,468
Baldwin 5,813 49.31% 4,262 36.16% 1,679 14.24% 34 0.29% 1,551 13.15% 11,788
Banks 1,530 41.68% 1,551 42.25% 583 15.88% 7 0.19% -21 -0.57% 3,671
Barrow 3,991 39.98% 4,328 43.36% 1,633 16.36% 30 0.30% -337 -3.38% 9,982
Bartow 6,675 39.29% 7,742 45.57% 2,500 14.71% 73 0.43% -1,067 -6.28% 16,990
Ben Hill 2,348 52.60% 1,476 33.06% 619 13.87% 21 0.47% 872 19.54% 4,464
Berrien 2,103 46.29% 1,637 36.03% 796 17.52% 7 0.15% 466 10.26% 4,543
Bibb 28,070 51.93% 19,847 36.72% 6,021 11.14% 111 0.21% 8,223 15.21% 54,049
Bleckley 1,710 43.23% 1,570 39.69% 662 16.73% 14 0.35% 140 3.54% 3,956
Brantley 1,883 44.06% 1,541 36.06% 840 19.65% 10 0.23% 342 8.00% 4,274
Brooks 1,895 43.92% 1,779 41.23% 630 14.60% 11 0.25% 116 2.69% 4,315
Bryan 2,031 34.26% 2,789 47.05% 1,095 18.47% 13 0.22% -758 -12.79% 5,928
Bulloch 4,903 38.78% 5,690 45.00% 2,020 15.98% 31 0.25% -787 -6.22% 12,644
Burke 3,647 53.17% 2,390 34.84% 807 11.77% 15 0.22% 1,257 18.33% 6,859
Butts 2,448 50.46% 1,768 36.45% 619 12.76% 16 0.33% 680 14.01% 4,851
Calhoun 1,301 64.47% 464 22.99% 248 12.29% 5 0.25% 837 41.48% 2,018
Camden 2,952 38.99% 3,517 46.45% 1,077 14.22% 26 0.34% -565 -7.46% 7,572
Candler 1,192 43.27% 1,014 36.81% 541 19.64% 8 0.29% 178 6.46% 2,755
Carroll 8,404 37.21% 10,750 47.60% 3,358 14.87% 74 0.33% -2,346 -10.39% 22,586
Catoosa 4,817 32.70% 7,599 51.59% 2,290 15.55% 25 0.17% -2,782 -18.89% 14,731
Charlton 1,127 38.97% 1,333 46.09% 427 14.76% 5 0.17% -206 -7.12% 2,892
Chatham 31,533 43.75% 31,925 44.30% 8,269 11.47% 342 0.47% -392 -0.55% 72,069
Chattahoochee 604 50.42% 413 34.47% 177 14.77% 4 0.33% 191 15.95% 1,198
Chattooga 2,976 46.47% 2,439 38.09% 965 15.07% 24 0.37% 537 8.38% 6,404
Cherokee 8,113 27.77% 16,054 54.95% 4,950 16.94% 97 0.33% -7,941 -27.18% 29,214
Clarke 15,403 53.12% 10,459 36.07% 2,987 10.30% 149 0.51% 4,944 17.05% 28,998
Clay 778 65.00% 264 22.06% 155 12.95% 0 0.00% 514 42.94% 1,197
Clayton 25,890 44.65% 23,965 41.33% 7,942 13.70% 192 0.33% 1,925 3.32% 57,989
Clinch 759 41.32% 790 43.00% 286 15.57% 2 0.11% -31 -1.68% 1,837
Cobb 63,960 32.45% 103,734 52.62% 28,747 14.58% 690 0.35% -39,774 -20.17% 197,131
Coffee 3,275 39.27% 3,778 45.31% 1,256 15.06% 30 0.36% -503 -6.04% 8,339
Colquitt 3,891 37.86% 4,680 45.54% 1,682 16.37% 23 0.22% -789 -7.68% 10,276
Columbia 7,115 25.23% 16,657 59.07% 4,379 15.53% 49 0.17% -9,542 -33.84% 28,200
Cook 1,731 48.02% 1,318 36.56% 537 14.90% 19 0.53% 413 11.46% 3,605
Coweta 7,093 34.51% 9,814 47.75% 3,587 17.45% 59 0.29% -2,721 -13.24% 20,553
Crawford 1,648 51.78% 974 30.60% 549 17.25% 12 0.38% 674 21.18% 3,183
Crisp 2,610 45.72% 2,253 39.46% 823 14.42% 23 0.40% 357 6.26% 5,709
Dade 1,782 37.09% 2,191 45.61% 823 17.13% 8 0.17% -409 -8.52% 4,804
Dawson 1,399 35.95% 1,696 43.58% 790 20.30% 7 0.18% -297 -7.63% 3,892
Decatur 3,198 43.11% 3,142 42.35% 1,068 14.40% 11 0.15% 56 0.76% 7,419
DeKalb 124,559 57.82% 70,282 32.62% 19,741 9.16% 853 0.40% 54,277 25.20% 215,435
Dodge 3,002 47.82% 2,287 36.43% 978 15.58% 11 0.18% 715 11.39% 6,278
Dooly 1,993 58.84% 1,034 30.53% 350 10.33% 10 0.30% 959 28.31% 3,387
Dougherty 15,236 49.26% 12,455 40.27% 3,178 10.27% 62 0.20% 2,781 8.99% 30,931
Douglas 8,869 33.27% 13,349 50.08% 4,362 16.36% 77 0.29% -4,480 -16.81% 26,657
Early 1,970 47.55% 1,457 35.17% 652 15.74% 64 1.54% 513 12.38% 4,143
Echols 312 34.25% 361 39.63% 238 26.13% 0 0.00% -49 -5.38% 911
Effingham 2,690 33.78% 3,814 47.90% 1,443 18.12% 16 0.20% -1,124 -14.12% 7,963
Elbert 3,025 49.05% 2,372 38.46% 757 12.28% 13 0.21% 653 10.59% 6,167
Emanuel 2,951 45.93% 2,662 41.43% 755 11.75% 57 0.89% 289 4.50% 6,425
Evans 1,230 41.55% 1,244 42.03% 480 16.22% 6 0.20% -14 -0.48% 2,960
Fannin 2,902 40.33% 3,255 45.24% 1,028 14.29% 10 0.14% -353 -4.91% 7,195
Fayette 8,430 26.60% 17,576 55.47% 5,598 17.67% 83 0.26% -9,146 -28.87% 31,687
Floyd 11,614 41.69% 12,378 44.43% 3,779 13.56% 89 0.32% -764 -2.74% 27,860
Forsyth 4,936 28.89% 8,652 50.64% 3,453 20.21% 45 0.26% -3,716 -21.75% 17,086
Franklin 2,505 42.29% 2,391 40.37% 1,014 17.12% 13 0.22% 114 1.92% 5,923
Fulton 147,459 57.29% 85,451 33.20% 23,578 9.16% 921 0.36% 62,008 24.09% 257,409
Gilmer 2,311 39.25% 2,661 45.19% 879 14.93% 37 0.63% -350 -5.94% 5,888
Glascock 316 31.19% 516 50.94% 180 17.77% 1 0.10% -200 -19.75% 1,013
Glynn 8,581 37.42% 11,242 49.02% 3,053 13.31% 56 0.24% -2,661 -11.60% 22,932
Gordon 4,103 36.59% 5,265 46.95% 1,818 16.21% 27 0.24% -1,162 -10.36% 11,213
Grady 2,520 41.77% 2,370 39.28% 1,126 18.66% 17 0.28% 150 2.49% 6,033
Greene 2,259 55.67% 1,307 32.21% 483 11.90% 9 0.22% 952 23.46% 4,058
Gwinnett 44,253 29.39% 81,822 54.34% 23,926 15.89% 575 0.38% -37,569 -24.95% 150,576
Habersham 3,098 33.92% 4,569 50.02% 1,444 15.81% 23 0.25% -1,471 -16.10% 9,134
Hall 11,214 34.58% 16,108 49.67% 5,043 15.55% 68 0.21% -4,894 -15.09% 32,433
Hancock 2,461 77.95% 506 16.03% 189 5.99% 1 0.03% 1,955 61.92% 3,157
Haralson 3,281 43.05% 3,142 41.23% 1,167 15.31% 31 0.41% 139 1.82% 7,621
Harris 2,679 38.49% 3,316 47.64% 954 13.71% 11 0.16% -637 -9.15% 6,960
Hart 3,614 47.50% 2,607 34.26% 1,376 18.08% 12 0.16% 1,007 13.24% 7,609
Heard 1,456 44.49% 1,190 36.36% 617 18.85% 10 0.31% 266 8.13% 3,273
Henry 7,817 32.19% 12,634 52.03% 3,769 15.52% 64 0.26% -4,817 -19.84% 24,284
Houston 12,270 37.47% 14,119 43.11% 6,263 19.12% 96 0.29% -1,849 -5.64% 32,748
Irwin 1,366 48.44% 973 34.50% 465 16.49% 16 0.57% 393 13.94% 2,820
Jackson 3,792 41.37% 3,976 43.38% 1,381 15.07% 16 0.17% -184 -2.01% 9,165
Jasper 1,485 49.12% 1,153 38.14% 373 12.34% 12 0.40% 332 10.98% 3,023
Jeff Davis 2,031 41.01% 1,947 39.32% 958 19.35% 16 0.32% 84 1.69% 4,952
Jefferson 3,220 53.77% 2,077 34.68% 685 11.44% 7 0.12% 1,143 19.09% 5,989
Jenkins 1,401 51.36% 929 34.05% 394 14.44% 4 0.15% 472 17.31% 2,728
Johnson 1,473 44.70% 1,314 39.88% 502 15.24% 6 0.18% 159 4.82% 3,295
Jones 3,338 45.86% 2,770 38.05% 1,159 15.92% 12 0.16% 568 7.81% 7,279
Lamar 2,065 46.83% 1,707 38.71% 600 13.61% 38 0.86% 358 8.12% 4,410
Lanier 811 47.34% 600 35.03% 298 17.40% 4 0.23% 211 12.31% 1,713
Laurens 6,184 43.99% 6,146 43.72% 1,602 11.39% 127 0.90% 38 0.27% 14,059
Lee 1,811 30.65% 3,061 51.81% 1,024 17.33% 12 0.20% -1,250 -21.16% 5,908
Liberty 3,853 48.80% 2,832 35.87% 1,176 14.90% 34 0.43% 1,021 12.93% 7,895
Lincoln 1,327 44.86% 1,149 38.84% 479 16.19% 3 0.10% 178 6.02% 2,958
Long 874 44.66% 719 36.74% 355 18.14% 9 0.46% 155 7.92% 1,957
Lowndes 9,019 40.64% 10,276 46.30% 2,864 12.91% 33 0.15% -1,257 -5.66% 22,192
Lumpkin 2,010 39.91% 1,972 39.16% 1,035 20.55% 19 0.38% 38 0.75% 5,036
McDuffie 2,640 40.82% 2,955 45.69% 860 13.30% 13 0.20% -315 -4.87% 6,468
McIntosh 1,925 54.73% 1,027 29.20% 550 15.64% 15 0.43% 898 25.53% 3,517
Macon 2,491 65.45% 944 24.80% 363 9.54% 8 0.21% 1,547 40.65% 3,806
Madison 2,393 34.72% 3,351 48.61% 1,129 16.38% 20 0.29% -958 -13.89% 6,893
Marion 1,145 55.69% 711 34.58% 198 9.63% 2 0.10% 434 21.11% 2,056
Meriwether 4,002 54.67% 2,364 32.30% 942 12.87% 12 0.16% 1,638 22.37% 7,320
Miller 934 42.13% 826 37.26% 455 20.52% 2 0.09% 108 4.87% 2,217
Mitchell 3,052 52.67% 1,917 33.08% 818 14.12% 8 0.14% 1,135 19.59% 5,795
Monroe 2,774 44.97% 2,423 39.28% 949 15.39% 22 0.36% 351 5.69% 6,168
Montgomery 1,185 45.28% 1,009 38.56% 416 15.90% 7 0.27% 176 6.72% 2,617
Morgan 2,057 46.17% 1,797 40.34% 596 13.38% 5 0.11% 260 5.83% 4,455
Murray 2,764 38.31% 3,256 45.13% 1,186 16.44% 8 0.11% -492 -6.82% 7,214
Muscogee 25,476 49.68% 21,386 41.70% 4,327 8.44% 91 0.18% 4,090 7.98% 51,280
Newton 5,811 42.54% 5,804 42.49% 1,998 14.63% 46 0.34% 7 0.05% 13,659
Oconee 2,745 33.99% 4,125 51.08% 1,182 14.64% 24 0.30% -1,380 -17.09% 8,076
Oglethorpe 1,491 40.26% 1,590 42.94% 620 16.74% 2 0.05% -99 -2.68% 3,703
Paulding 5,212 34.54% 7,180 47.59% 2,654 17.59% 42 0.28% -1,968 -13.05% 15,088
Peach 3,677 52.73% 2,327 33.37% 947 13.58% 22 0.32% 1,350 19.36% 6,973
Pickens 2,359 41.04% 2,332 40.57% 1,037 18.04% 20 0.35% 27 0.47% 5,748
Pierce 1,852 41.41% 1,899 42.46% 708 15.83% 13 0.29% -47 -1.05% 4,472
Pike 1,651 40.23% 1,822 44.40% 623 15.18% 8 0.19% -171 -4.17% 4,104
Polk 4,872 45.67% 4,158 38.98% 1,598 14.98% 40 0.37% 714 6.69% 10,668
Pulaski 1,756 50.88% 1,075 31.15% 614 17.79% 6 0.17% 681 19.73% 3,451
Putnam 2,149 45.78% 1,756 37.41% 775 16.51% 14 0.30% 393 8.37% 4,694
Quitman 523 56.72% 284 30.80% 113 12.26% 2 0.22% 239 25.92% 922
Rabun 1,878 40.63% 1,902 41.15% 825 17.85% 17 0.37% -24 -0.52% 4,622
Randolph 1,756 59.34% 887 29.98% 315 10.65% 1 0.03% 869 29.36% 2,959
Richmond 28,910 48.57% 24,227 40.70% 6,290 10.57% 96 0.16% 4,683 7.87% 59,523
Rockdale 7,003 30.86% 11,945 52.64% 3,664 16.15% 78 0.34% -4,942 -21.78% 22,690
Schley 601 46.37% 511 39.43% 180 13.89% 4 0.31% 90 6.94% 1,296
Screven 1,940 44.43% 1,705 39.05% 709 16.24% 12 0.27% 235 5.38% 4,366
Seminole 1,193 47.36% 850 33.74% 468 18.58% 8 0.32% 343 13.62% 2,519
Spalding 6,392 40.63% 7,262 46.15% 2,044 12.99% 36 0.23% -870 -5.52% 15,734
Stephens 2,976 35.04% 4,047 47.65% 1,448 17.05% 22 0.26% -1,071 -12.61% 8,493
Stewart 1,540 52.94% 1,186 40.77% 175 6.02% 8 0.28% 354 12.17% 2,909
Sumter 4,489 48.96% 3,616 39.44% 1,046 11.41% 17 0.19% 873 9.52% 9,168
Talbot 1,768 65.92% 671 25.02% 238 8.87% 5 0.19% 1,097 40.90% 2,682
Taliaferro 755 68.26% 269 24.32% 80 7.23% 2 0.18% 486 43.94% 1,106
Tattnall 2,360 39.72% 2,566 43.18% 996 16.76% 20 0.34% -206 -3.46% 5,942
Taylor 1,508 52.51% 1,078 37.53% 281 9.78% 5 0.17% 430 14.98% 2,872
Telfair 2,238 53.39% 1,324 31.58% 613 14.62% 17 0.41% 914 21.81% 4,192
Terrell 1,942 55.90% 1,143 32.90% 384 11.05% 5 0.14% 799 23.00% 3,474
Thomas 4,841 40.52% 5,500 46.03% 1,591 13.32% 16 0.13% -659 -5.51% 11,948
Tift 3,930 41.07% 4,485 46.87% 1,139 11.90% 15 0.16% -555 -5.80% 9,569
Toombs 2,648 35.35% 3,609 48.18% 1,210 16.15% 23 0.31% -961 -12.83% 7,490
Towns 1,487 40.15% 1,674 45.19% 537 14.50% 6 0.16% -187 -5.04% 3,704
Treutlen 1,116 47.61% 898 38.31% 318 13.57% 12 0.51% 218 9.30% 2,344
Troup 6,412 37.63% 8,118 47.64% 2,488 14.60% 21 0.12% -1,706 -10.01% 17,039
Turner 1,669 55.19% 936 30.95% 370 12.24% 49 1.62% 733 24.24% 3,024
Twiggs 2,097 61.82% 853 25.15% 432 12.74% 10 0.29% 1,244 36.67% 3,392
Union 2,304 40.74% 2,533 44.78% 804 14.21% 15 0.27% -229 -4.04% 5,656
Upson 3,740 41.55% 4,053 45.03% 1,186 13.18% 22 0.24% -313 -3.48% 9,001
Walker 6,217 35.55% 8,489 48.54% 2,748 15.71% 34 0.19% -2,272 -12.99% 17,488
Walton 4,821 38.91% 5,619 45.35% 1,923 15.52% 28 0.23% -798 -6.44% 12,391
Ware 4,573 43.87% 4,573 43.87% 1,263 12.12% 15 0.14% 0 0.00% 10,424
Warren 1,239 56.97% 751 34.53% 180 8.28% 5 0.23% 488 22.44% 2,175
Washington 3,508 52.16% 2,384 35.45% 820 12.19% 13 0.19% 1,124 16.71% 6,725
Wayne 3,052 40.41% 3,381 44.77% 1,107 14.66% 12 0.16% -329 -4.36% 7,552
Webster 600 65.86% 208 22.83% 103 11.31% 0 0.00% 392 43.03% 911
Wheeler 880 51.80% 601 35.37% 214 12.60% 4 0.24% 279 16.43% 1,699
White 1,756 33.58% 2,477 47.37% 981 18.76% 15 0.29% -721 -13.79% 5,229
Whitfield 7,335 32.98% 12,003 53.97% 2,866 12.89% 35 0.16% -4,668 -20.99% 22,239
Wilcox 1,365 50.13% 916 33.64% 433 15.90% 9 0.33% 449 16.49% 2,723
Wilkes 1,955 49.34% 1,535 38.74% 464 11.71% 8 0.20% 420 10.60% 3,962
Wilkinson 2,286 56.14% 1,232 30.26% 520 12.77% 34 0.83% 1,054 25.88% 4,072
Worth 2,578 44.17% 2,344 40.16% 905 15.50% 10 0.17% 234 4.01% 5,837
Totals 1,008,966 43.47% 995,252 42.88% 309,657 13.34% 7,258 0.31% 13,714 0.59% 2,321,133

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e These write-in votes were not separated by county but given only as a state-wide total.[17]

References

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  1. ^ a b "1992 Presidential General Election Results — Georgia". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
  2. ^ "1992 Presidential Election results". sos.Georgia.gov.
  3. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 39–40.
  4. ^ Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 58.
  5. ^ Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 69.
  6. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 41.
  7. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 11–12, 41.
  8. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 12–13.
  9. ^ a b Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 42.
  10. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 13–14.
  11. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 13, 18.
  12. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, pp. 14–15, 42.
  13. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 44.
  14. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 43.
  15. ^ a b Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
  16. ^ Steed, Moreland & Baker 1994, p. 48.
  17. ^ "GA US President Race, November 03, 1992". Our Campaigns.

Works cited

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