35th century BC

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The 35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Proto-writing enters transitional stage, developing towards writing proper. Wheeled vehicles are now known beyond Mesopotamia, having spread north of the Caucasus and to Europe.

Cultures

The head of EA 32751 ("Ginger") showing the preserved hair. Photo taken in 2011.

Artifacts

Only approximate dating is usually possible for mid-4th millennium artifacts.

Events

The Sahara desert starts to form from semi-arid savannah, through desertification.
c. 3500 BC: First known zoo at Hierakonpolis.^[1]
c. 3400 BC: Sumerian temple record keepers redesign the stamp seal in the form of a cylinder.
c. 3500 BC: Pictographic proto-writing starts developing towards writing proper in Sumer, thus starting what is technically considered history.
c. 3500 BC: The first monument of which there is still a trace (Duma na nGiall) is built on the Hill of Tara, the ancient seat of the High King of Ireland.^[2]
c. 3500 BC: Tin is discovered.
c. 3500 BC: The Eruption of Mount Isarog in the Philippines.^[3]
c. 3500 BC: The Sumerians develop a logographic script, cuneiform
c. 3484 BC: The oldest estimated germination of Alerce Milenario with more conservative dates of only ‘c.1653 BC’.^[4]

Sovereign states

References

^ World's First Zoo - Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Archaeology Magazine, http://www.archaeology.org/1001/topten/egypt.html Archived 2010-07-12 at the Wayback Machine
^ Memory and Monuments at the Hill of Tara by Erin McDonald, Chronika Journal
^ "Global Volcanism Program | Isarog". Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved 2021-01-22.
^ POPKIN, GABRIEL (2022-05-20). "Is the world's oldest tree growing in a ravine in Chile?". www.science.org.

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