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98th United States Congress

The 98th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1983, to January 3, 1985, during the third and fourth years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1980 U.S. census.

98th United States Congress
97th ←
→ 99th
United States Capitol (1980)
January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
Members100 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush (R)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerTip O'Neill (D)
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1983 – November 18, 1983
2nd: January 23, 1984 – October 12, 1984

The Republicans maintained control of the Senate, while the Democrats increased their majority in the House of Representatives from the 97th Congress.

Major events

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Main articles: 1983 in the United States, 1984 in the United States, and 1985 in the United States

Major legislation

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Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 98th United States Congress

Party summary

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Senate

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Party standings at the end of the 98th Congress
  45 Democratic Senators
  55 Republican Senators
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Independent
(I)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 46 1 53 100 0
Begin 46 0 54 100 0
End 45 55
Final voting share 45.0% 0.0% 55.0%
Beginning of next congress 46 0 53 99 1

House of Representatives

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House seats by party holding plurality in state
     80+% to 100% Democratic      80+% to 100% Republican
     60+% to 80% Democratic      60+% to 80% Republican
     50+% to 60% Democratic      50+% to 60% Republican
     striped: 50–50 split
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Republican
(R)		Conservative
(C)
End of previous congress 242 191 1 434 1
Begin 269 164 1 434 1
End 267 166
Final voting share 61.5% 38.2% 0.2%
Beginning of next congress 252 181 1 434 1

Leadership

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Senate President
 
George H. W. Bush (R)
Senate President pro tempore
 
Strom Thurmond (R)
House Speaker
 
Tip O'Neill (D)

Senate

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Majority (Republican) leadership

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Minority (Democratic) leadership

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House of Representatives

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Majority (Democratic) leadership

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Minority (Republican) leadership

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Caucuses

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Members

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This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

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Senators are elected statewide every two years, with approximately one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1984; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1986; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1988.

House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

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Senate

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See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
Senate changes
State
(class) 		Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[f]
Washington
(1) 		Henry M. Jackson (D) Died September 1, 1983. Evans was then appointed to the seat before winning the special election on November 3, 1983. Daniel J. Evans (R) September 8, 1983
Massachusetts
(2) 		Paul Tsongas (D) Resigned January 2, 1985. Kerry was elected for next term but was installed early to fill vacancy. John Kerry (D) January 2, 1985

House of Representatives

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See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[f]
New York's 7th Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal (D) Died January 4, 1983 Gary Ackerman (D) March 1, 1983
Texas's 6th Phil Gramm (D) Resigned January 5, 1983, after being removed from the House Budget Committee for supporting President Ronald Reagan's tax cuts, and then elected to fill his own vacancy Phil Gramm (R) February 12, 1983
Colorado's 6th Vacant. District created in the 1980 census. Member-elect Jack Swigert (R) died December 27, 1982, before his term started. Seat filled in special election. Daniel Schaefer (R) March 29, 1983
California's 5th Phillip Burton (D) Died April 10, 1983 Sala Burton (D) June 21, 1983
Illinois's 1st Harold Washington (D) Resigned April 30, 1983, after being installed as Mayor of Chicago Charles Hayes (D) August 23, 1983
Georgia's 7th Larry McDonald (D) Died September 1, 1983, onboard the Korean Air Lines Flight 007. George Darden (D) November 8, 1983
Wisconsin's 4th Clement J. Zablocki (D) Died December 3, 1983 Jerry Kleczka (D) April 3, 1984
New Jersey's 13th Edwin B. Forsythe (R) Died March 29, 1984 Jim Saxton (R) November 6, 1984
Florida's 10th Andy Ireland (D) Changed party affiliation July 5, 1984 Andy Ireland (R) July 5, 1984
Kentucky's 7th Carl D. Perkins (D) Died August 3, 1984 Chris Perkins (D) November 6, 1984
Illinois's 14th Tom Corcoran (R) Resigned November 28, 1984 Vacant Not filled this term

Committees

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Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Joint committees

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Employees

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Legislative branch agency directors

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Senate

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House of Representatives

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e The Republican Party of Minnesota was officially known as the Independent-Republicans of Minnesota from November 15, 1975, until September 23, 1995, and are counted as Republicans.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.
  3. ^ In Colorado's 6th district: member-elect Jack Swigert (R) died December 27, 1982, before the term started.
  4. ^ In Colorado's 6th district: Dan Schaefer (R) won a special election on March 29, 1983. He was sworn in the same day.
  5. ^ Caucused with the Republicans.
  6. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

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  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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