Wikipedia

Alakozai

Alakozai (Pashto: الکوزی - meaning descendant of Alako in Pashto) is a Pashtun tribe in Afghanistan. They are one of the four tribes of the Zirak tribal confederacy of Durrani Pashtuns.[1][2]

Variations

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Spelling variations include Alakozi, Alakoozi, Alekozai, Alekuzei, Alikozai, Alakozay, Alkozai, Alokzai, Hulakozai, Alecozay, Alikusi, and Alakuzei.

History

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Predigree of King Dost Mohammad Khan of Afghanistan, whose stepmother was an Alakozai. The figure shows the branching of the Abdal dynasty into the Popal (founder of the Popalzai; in figure spelled 'Fofal'), Barak (founder of the alikzai), and Alako (founder of the Alakozai) line (the fourth branch, Achakzai, is missing).

Their eponymous ancestor is claimed to be Alako, son of King Zirak Khan, son of Abdal, son of Tareen.[3]

Distribution

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The Alakozai people are found primarily in Helmand, Kandahar, Kabul, Laghman, Kunar Sarkani District and Herat provinces in Afghanistan, and form the majority of the population in the Sangin District. Jaldak, which is located 110 km northeast of Kandahar, is the original domicile of the Alakozai tribe.[4] The Alakozai people stretch from Farah to Kandahar, and constitute a majority in the Arghandab District of Kandahar.[5] The Arghandab district was given to the Alakozai tribe by King Nadir Shah, who brought down the Safavid empire of Persia with the help of the Alakozai in 1738.[6] Arghandab was referred to by the Greek historians as Arakozia, or the "Land of Arako/Alako".[7][8]

Notable individuals

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  • Mullah Naqib (c.1950 – October 11, 2007), famous freedom fighter during the Soviet–Afghan War, politician and peace maker from Kandahar. He was one of the most respected elders of the Alakozai Pashtun tribe in the Kandahar area.[6][9]
  • Queen Zarghoona Alakozai (mother of King Ahmad Shah Durrani, founder of the Durrani Empire).[10]
  • Abdul Ghani Alakozai, governor of Nadirabad[11] and chieftain of the Durrani,[12] under King Nader Shah.
  • Juma Khan Alakozai, governor of Kashmir (1788–1792). His administration was faced by serious floods, Shia–Sunni riots and rioting by the Bambas. He died of dysentery in 1792.[13]
  •  
    Manuscript painting of Abdullah Khan Alkozai surrounded by courtiers, Kashmir, 1798
    Abdullah Khan Alakozai, governor of Kashmir (1795–1807, under King Zaman Shah Durrani).[13][14][15][16]
  • Yar Mohammad Khan Alakozai (Died June 11, 1851) Minister under King Shahzada Kamran Durrani.[17] Minister-regent at Herat, he served as Vizier of Herat from 1829 to 1842. In Early 1842 he deposed Kamran Shah and ruled Herat until his death on June 11, 1851. He was the son of 'Ata Mohammad Khan Alakozai, vizier of Herat from 1818 to 1829.[18]
  • Sa'id Mohammad Khan Alakozai, son of Yar Muhammad Khan and ruled Herat from June 11, 1851, to September 1855. Herat was briefly occupied by Iran in the spring of 1852 due to an attempted invasion of the Kandahar Sardars.[18]
  • 'Abd al-Ghani Khan Alakozai (maternal uncle of King Ahmad Shah Durrani), governor of Kandahar during Ahmad Shah Durrani's reign.[19]
  • Queen Alakozai, stepmother of King Dost Mohammad Khan of Afghanistan,[20] and wife of Sardār Pāyenda Khan, chief of the Barakzai clan.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Giustozzi, Antonio (2012). Decoding the New Taliban: Insights from the Afghan Field (Reprinted ed.). Hurst Publishers. p. 197. ISBN 978-1-84904-226-0.
  2. ^ International Encyclopaedia of Islamic Dynasties; by Nagendra Kumar Singh; Published by Anmol Publications PVT. LTD., 2000; ISBN 978-81-261-0403-1
  3. ^ State and tribe in nineteenth-century Afghanistan: the reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863); by Christine Noelle, Christine Noelle-Karimi; Published by Routledge, 1997; ISBN 978-0-7007-0629-7; p. 384-385
  4. ^ The Hidden treasure: a biography of Pahtoon poets; by Muḥammad Hōtak, ʻAbd al-Ḥayy Ḥabībī, Abdul Hay Habibi, Khushal Habibi; Translated by Khushal Habibi; Published by Rowman & Littlefield, 1997; ISBN 978-0-7618-0265-5; p. 193
  5. ^ People of Ghazni, Program for Culture & Conflict Studies
  6. ^ a b Chayes, Sarah (2007-11-18). "A Mullah Dies, and War Comes Knocking". The Washington Post. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
  7. ^ Afghanistan, Volumes 25-26 By Anjuman-i Tārīkh-i Afghānistān
  8. ^ The Khyber Gateway Alakozai[usurped]
  9. ^ "Mullah Naqib - Losing an Ally". CBC.ca. 2007-10-15. Retrieved on 2008-07-03.
  10. ^ Introduction about Ahmad Shah Baba's Life[usurped]
  11. ^ The Kingdom of Afghanistan; George Passman Tate; Asian Educational Services, 2001; ISBN 978-81-206-1586-1; p. 64
  12. ^ The Kingdom of Afghanistan; George Passman Tate; Asian Educational Services, 2001; ISBN 978-81-206-1586-1; p. 58
  13. ^ a b Kashmir: A Wailing Valley; M. L. Gupta; Anmol Publications PVT. LTD., 2001; ISBN 978-81-261-0951-7; p. 65
  14. ^ The Kingdom of Afghanistan: a historical sketch; by G. P. Tate; Published by Asian Educational Services, 2001; ISBN 978-81-206-1586-1; p. 106
  15. ^ International Encyclopedia of Islamic Dynasties, Vol. 2 Afghanistan; Nagendra Kr. Singh; Anmol Publications PVT. LTD., 2000; ISBN 978-81-261-0403-1; p. 339
  16. ^ Catalogue of Coins in the Panjab Museum, Lahore; Lahore Museum; Richard Bertram Whitehead; 1934, p. 29
  17. ^ Dictionary of Indian Biography; by Charles Edward Buckland; Published by S. Sonnenschein, 1906; p. 228
  18. ^ a b Christine Noelle-Karimi (2014). The Pearl In Its Midst By Christine Noelle Karimi.
  19. ^ State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863): The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-63) (page 4)
  20. ^ Life of the amir Dost Mohammed Khan of Kabul: with his political proceedings towards the English, Russian and Persian governments, including the victory and disasters of the British army in Afghanistan. By Mohan Lal, 1846; p. 22
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