The Bangkok BRT is a bus rapid transit system in Bangkok, Thailand. Out of the five routes that were originally planned, only one line has been in operation since 2010, with all the other routes cancelled. At the end of April 2017, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) announced the whole system might be cancelled due to low ridership and financial losses, however a subsequent opinion survey carried out by the BMA found there was a demand for the service to be retained.[1][2] In March 2017 the Governor of Bangkok announced the service would continue, with increased ticket prices[3] and changed operator to Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited.

Bangkok BRT

 BRT 
CRRC EV Bus at Sathorn BRT Station in September 2024
CRRC EV Bus at Sathorn BRT Station in September 2024
Overview
Native nameรถโดยสารประจำทางด่วนพิเศษ สายสาทร-ราชพฤกษ์
OwnerBangkok Metropolitan Administration
LocaleBangkok
Transit typeBus rapid transit
Number of stations14 stations
Daily ridership25,000
Operation
Began operation23 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-23)
Operator(s)Bangkok Mass Transit System Public Company Limited
CharacterFully at-grade
Number of vehiclesCurrent:
CRRC EV Bus: 23 cars
Former:
Sunlong SLK6215CNG: 25 cars
Headway5-7 mins (peak-hour)
10 mins (off peak-hour, weekends, and public holiday)
Technical
System length16.5 km (10.3 mi)
Average speed30 km/h
Top speed60 km/h

The 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) route has twelve stations in the centre of the road that give at grade access to the right hand side of the buses. Both termini connect to the Silom Line of the BTS Skytrain; at Chong Nonsi (S3) and Talat Phlu (S10). The previous fleet consists of Sunlong SLK6125CNG buses, which were replaced by CRRC EV buses on 1st September 2024. The fare is currently on hold (free until new price decided) for reconsideration of the effectiveness of the project.[4]

Bangkok Mass Transit map and BRT route

The system is set for upgrades in 2024, including the addition of 23 electric buses and two additional stations. These changes aim to boost ridership to 13,000 passengers per day. The fare will be capped at 15 baht. [5]

Background

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It is owned by Krungthep Thanakom PCL, the holdings enterprise of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), and operated by Bangkok Mass Transit System PCL (BTSC), the operator of the BTS Skytrain.

Plans for a bus rapid transit system in Bangkok were made in 2004 by the BMA and the Ministry of Transport's Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. In 2005, the BMA settled on a master plan consisting of fourteen BRT routes. Construction on the first route, SathonRatchaphruek, began in 2007. The route opened for trial runs on 29 May 2010, and officially opened on 14 February 2011.[6][7]

The system's island platforms are accessed by elevated enclosed station facilities, and it shares the ticketing system of the BTS Skytrain. The buses run on dedicated bus lanes blocked to the main traffic, which is why the system has been criticised by motorists as losing one lane to the BRT has worsened the traffic in the area.[8]

Originally, five BRT routes were planned to be open by 2013. The additional four routes were: Mo Chit – Government Complex – Nonthaburi, Sathorn – Suk Sawat, Don Mueang – Min Buri–Suvarnabhumi, and Min Buri – Srinagarindra – Samrong. However, it was announced in September 2010 that The Mo Chit – Government Complex route was cancelled, and the other planned routes were expected to be abandoned as well.[9]

Sathorn–Ratchaphruek route

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CRRC EV Bus at Sathorn station.

The first route from Sathorn to Ratchaphruek via Naradhiwas Ratchanagarindra and Rama III roads, opened to the public on 29 May 2010. This was later than 12 August 2008 as originally planned. The service ran as a free trial until the end of August 2010, followed by a flat fare of THB10 from September 2010. That flat fare was decreased to THB5 in January 2011, and later increase to THB15 in May 2017. On 31 August, BMA announced that The fare will be free for 3 months till 30 November 2023 for reconsideration of the effectiveness of the project.[10][11][12]

 
The Chong Nonsi Skywalk serves as a connecting point between the Silom Line and the BRT.

Part of the route is physically separated from the remaining carriageway by way of surface-mounted dividers, while other parts of the route are high-occupancy vehicle lanes with a minimum occupancy level of three occupants (T3). At some intersections, the bus shares space with other vehicles, disrupting an efficient exploitation. The vehicles have a guide system, which is only used at the stations to ensure a minimum gap between the station and the bus. The stations are all located in the centre of the road, which means that the BRT lanes are located against the road median, and the doors are on the right hand side of the buses (Thailand drives on the left). Access from the stations to the vehicles is leveled. Wheelchair accessibility was improved following the introduction of stair lifts.

 
People waiting for the bus at Thanon Chan BRT station

Buses operate between 06:00-24:00 at 7-10 minute intervals during off-peak hours and weekends and 5 minute intervals at peak hours. An additional service between Sathorn and Nararam III is in operation during peak hours.

On 2 February 2024, BTSC won the BMA's bid to operate and develop the BRT system. The existing route is expected to extend from Sathorn to Lumphini MRT station in July 2024, with an additional service to CentralPlaza Rama III shopping mall. BTSC was assigned to find electric buses with doors to accommodate both the current high-level platforms and for street-level. Two new infill stations are also planned to be built: Yaek Chan - Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra (between B3-B4) and Yaek Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra - Ratchadaphisek (between B4-B5).[13]

On 1 September 2024, The new CRRC EV Bus replaced the old Sunlong SLK6215CNG and began operating on the line with two additional stations which are Thanon Chan Neau and Thanon Chan Tai.[14] However, daily commuters of the line criticised this new kind of operation as problematic since the new bus is low-floor while the platforms at the existing stations were built to accommodate only high-floor bus, This means passengers have to use an emergency staircases at the end of the platform to board the bus. Another problem is that only 16 out of 23 buses operate on the line during rush hour, resulting in a 12-minute interval instead of 7-minute interval. This causes major overcrowding at various stations. The Traffic and Transportation Department stated that the overcrowding problem is due by the delayed installation of a bus charging station at Sathorn, meaning that all buses have to use the only existing charging station at Ratchaphruek. The issue with the boarding process will be resolved by extending the platforms to accommodate the new low-floor buses.[15]

Stations

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Code Station Name Opened Transfer Notes
English Thai
  Sathorn สาทร 29 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-29) Connecting station to Chong Nonsi for  BTS  via Chong Nonsi Skywalk. Exit to:
• Chong Nonsi Skywalk
Chong Nonsi Canal Park
King Power Mahanakhon
• Empire Tower
• Sathorn Square
• Bangkok City Tower
• Rajanakarn Building
• Sathorn Nakhon Tower
  Akhan Songkhro อาคารสงเคราะห์ Exit to:
• JC Kevin Sathorn Bangkok Hotel
  Technic Krungthep เทคนิคกรุงเทพ Exit to:
• Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep
• Makro Sathorn
• The Federation of Thai Industries
  Thanon Chan Neau ถนนจันทน์เหนือ 1 September 2024; 2 months ago (2024-09-01) Additional station
  Thanon Chan ถนนจันทน์ 29 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-29) Exit to:
• Gallery VER
• Taweewattana School
• Saint Joseph Yannawa School
  Thanon Chan Tai ถนนจันทน์ใต้ 1 September 2024; 2 months ago (2024-09-01) Additional station
  Nararam 3 นราราม 3 29 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-29)
  Wat Dan วัดด่าน Exit to:
• S.V. City Tower
• INT-Intersect
• Wat Dan
• Wat Dan School
  Wat Pariwat วัดปริวาส Exit to:
• Wat Pariwat
• Wat Pariwat School
  Wat Dokmai วัดดอกไม้ Exit to:
• Wat Dokmai
• Wat Dokmai School
  Rama IX Bridge สะพานพระรามเก้า Exit to:
• Wat Sai Rama 3
• Wat Bang Khlo Nok
• Homepro Rama 3
• Public Park in Commemoration of H.M. the King's 6th Cycle Birthday
  Charoenrat เจริญราษฎร์ Exit to:
• Tree on 3
• Terminal 21 Rama 3
  Rama III Bridge สะพานพระรามสาม Exit to:
• Bang Kho Laem District Office
• Wat Inbanjong
  Ratchapruek ราชพฤกษ์ Connecting station to Talat Phlu for  BTS  Exit to:
• The Mall Tha Phra
• Tha Phra Open Air Market
• Thonburi Plaza

Details

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Bus Fleet

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Sunlong SLK6215CNG (2010-2024)

Bangkok BRT uses single-deck buses with a length of 12 meters, a width of 2.54 meters, and a height of 3.44 meters. Originally, the line used 25 high-floor Sunlong SLK6215CNG buses from 2010 until September 2024, when they were replaced by brand new CRRC EV Buses. These 23 new buses were manufactured domestically by the Cherdchai Group in a joint venture with CRRC. Each new bus can carry no fewer than 80 passengers (equivalent to 67 cars). All buses are equipped with a GPS tracking system that allows for real-time location tracking through an application called Viabus.[16]

 
CRRC EV Bus (2024-present)

Bus Liveries

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The exterior of the bus features a yellow background with green stripes. This design resulted from a contest organized by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration in 2008 under the concept "Put Your Colors on Bangkok BRT," with yellow and green as the given colors. The winning design was created by a student from King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. It was inspired by the swift motions of hand movements while drawing quick pencil strokes, symbolizing fast, reliable, and convenient service. The flowing lines indicate the flexibility of a moving hand, with thicker lines towards the back suggesting the bus is moving forward.

Interior

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There is a passenger information system that automatically announces station names on LED display, the announcements are spoken by Thai actress Ratklao Amaradit which also voices for the BTS Skytrain system. The electronic sign at the front of the bus indicating the terminal station. The bus is also equipped with a GPS and radio transmission to communicate with the control centre.

 
Platform screen doors at Sathorn station.

Bus safety

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The bus equipped with several safety features, including:

• CCTV cameras inside the bus with digital recording system that can store footage for 72 hours

• A rear-facing CCTV camera outside the bus to assist the driver while reversing and monitoring

• Emergency stop buttons

• Two fire extinguishers are featured on board

• Guidance system which automatically aligns the bus with the station platform

• Automatic sensor sliding doors to ensure passenger safety while boarding or exiting the bus

Facilities for wheelchair users

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Each bus is equipped with two wheelchair locks and a ramp that can be extended from the bus to the platform to facilitate the boarding and alighting process for wheelchair users.

Signalling

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The line uses Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to control the signals for BRT, ensuring the buses priority when passing through junctions via the dedicated traffic lights. This system can also indicate the arrival time of the next bus.

Ticketing system

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Bangkok BRT accepts Rabbit Card payments and will soon introduce on-bus QR payment options.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Bye Bye BRT: Bus service to stop at end of April". Coconuts Bangkok. 2017-02-07. Retrieved 2017-02-08.
  2. ^ "Improve BRT, don't scrap it". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
  3. ^ Asaree Thaitrakulpanich (2017-03-27). "It's Official: Bangkok BRT Won't be Shut Down". Khaosod English. Archived from the original on 2017-03-27. Retrieved 2017-03-28.
  4. ^ "กทม. เปิดให้ใช้ BRT ฟรี 3 เดือน ตั้งแต่ 1 ก.ย. ถึง 30 พ.ย. 2566 พร้อมปรับรูปแบบใหม่เพื่อบริการประชาชนได้มากขึ้น". September 2023.
  5. ^ "BRT set to see upgrades". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
  6. ^ BRT สาทร - ราชพฤกษ์ รถโดยสารด่วนพิเศษสายแรกของประเทศไทย (BRT commemorative booklet) (PDF). Bangkok Metropolitan Administration.
  7. ^ "First rapid bus line opens for free trial". Bangkok Post. 30 May 2010.
  8. ^ Bangkok Post. Available from http://www.bangkokpost.com/print/355200/
  9. ^ "BRT project stalls, private firm at helm". Bangkok Post. 10 September 2010. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  10. ^ "กทม. เปิดให้ใช้ BRT ฟรี 3 เดือน ตั้งแต่ 1 ก.ย. ถึง 30 พ.ย. 2566 พร้อมปรับรูปแบบใหม่เพื่อบริการประชาชนได้มากขึ้น". September 2023.
  11. ^ Bangkok BRT official Facebook page
  12. ^ "BRT ปรับค่าโดยสาร 15 บาท ตลอดสาย เริ่ม 29 พ.ค. นี้ - แถลงข่าว | thinkofliving.com". thinkofliving.com (in Thai). Retrieved 2020-07-11.
  13. ^ "รอบีอาร์ทีโฉมใหม่ใช้รถเมล์ไฟฟ้าติด GPS ขยายไปถึง MRT ลุมพินี". 6 February 2024.
  14. ^ "รู้จัก BRT โฉมใหม่ ใช้พลังงานไฟฟ้า 100% นั่งฟรี ถึง 31 ต.ค. 67". bangkokbiznews (in Thai). 2024-09-01. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
  15. ^ "ดราม่าสนั่น BRTโฉมใหม่ เสียบ่อย คอยนาน ปชช.ติง เช็กความพร้อมก่อนให้บริการ". สยามรัฐ (in Thai). 2024-09-03. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
  16. ^ เผยโฉมรถเมล์ไฟฟ้า BRT ทดแทนของเดิม เตรียมเดินรถ ก.ย.นี้ เผยแพร่: 15 ส.ค. 2567 โดย: ผู้จัดการออนไลน์
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