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Battle of Suez (1541)

The Battle of Suez occurred in 1541 and was a failed attack by the Portuguese against the Ottomans.[4][5]

Battle of Suez
Part of Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559)

Portuguese fleet in Suez 1541
Date26 April 1541[1]
Location
Suez, Egypt
29°58′N 32°33′E / 29.967°N 32.550°E / 29.967; 32.550
Result Ottoman victory
Belligerents
Portuguese Empire Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Estêvão da Gama
Cristóvão da Gama		 Davud Pasha
Strength
16 warships[2]
250 soldiers[2]		 2,000 horsemen[3]
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown

In 1541 the Portuguese fleet under the command of the Portuguese governor of India Estêvão da Gama and his brother Cristóvão da Gama penetrated into the Red Sea.[6] The Portuguese fleet consisted of 80 ships and 2,300 soldiers.[4] After sacking Suakin, the governor detached 16 light oarvessels and 250 picked men.[2] The aim was to attack Suez but the attack was a failure as the heavy defence as well as the opposition of Davud Pasha and the Ottoman artillery forced the Portuguese to retreat.[5][4][7][6] A few retreating Portuguese forces which landed at Massawa would be ambushed by the Adal Sultanate at the Battle of Massawa in the same year.[8]

For the duration of the 1541 Suez campaign, the Portuguese remained within the Red Sea for seven months, never being confronted by the Ottoman navy, while Muslim trade was paralized.[9]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Frederick Charles Danvers: The Portuguese in India: A.D. 1481-1571 .H. Allen & Company, 1894, p.449.
  2. ^ a b c Saturnino Monteiro: Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 1139-1975, volume III, p.39.
  3. ^ Monteiro, 1991, p.41
  4. ^ a b c Özbaran, Salih. Portekizli seyyahlar: İran, Türkiye, Irak, Suriye ve Mısır yollarında. Turkey: Kitap Yayınevi, 2007.
  5. ^ a b Orhonlu, Cengiz. Osmanlı imparatorluğun̓un güney siyaseti Habeş eyaleti. Turkey: Edebiyat Fakültesi Matbaası, 1974.
  6. ^ a b Peacock, A. C. S. "The Ottoman Empire and the Indian Ocean." In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. 2018.
  7. ^ Türk dünyası araştırmaları. Turkey: Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı, 2003.
  8. ^ Hespeler-Boultbee, John (April 2011). A Story in Stones: Portugal's Influence on Culture and Architecture in the Highlands of Ethiopia 1493-1634. CCB Publishing. p. 188. ISBN 9781926585994.
  9. ^ Monteiro, 1991, p.43
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