Cumbria County Council was the county council for the non-metropolitan county of Cumbria in the North West of England. Established in April 1974, following its first elections held the previous year, it was an elected local government body responsible for the most significant local services in the area, including schools, roads, and social services.
Cumbria County Council | |
|---|---|
 Arms of Cumbria County Council | |
 Council logo | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Leadership | |
Chairman | Tim Westoll (first) Tony Markley (last) |
| Elections | |
| First-past-the-post | |
Last election | 4 May 2017 |
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On 1 April 2023, the county council and 6 district councils were abolished. In their place two new councils were created, with local government functions transferred to the two new unitary authorities: Cumberland Council and Westmorland and Furness Council. The county lines of Cumbria remain intact.
Creation
editIn 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the administrative counties of Cumberland and Westmorland and the county borough of Carlisle were abolished, and the areas they covered were combined with parts of Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire to form a new non-metropolitan county called Cumbria.[1]
Functions
editCumbria County Council was responsible for the more strategic local services of the county, including education (schools, both primary and secondary), libraries and youth services, social services, highway maintenance, waste disposal, emergency planning, consumer protection, and town and country planning for minerals matters, waste and for highways. This made it a substantial employer.
The former Cumberland County Council's final major road scheme, an A66 bypass for Keswick, was prepared by Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick, consulting engineers, in 1972,[2] and construction began in the summer of 1974, with the new authority completing the scheme.[3]
The Council operated various recycling and waste disposal facilities across the area. In January 2012, the Council announced plans to close six of these centres. The six sites identified by the review as most suitable for closure are at Ambleside, Brampton, Grange-over-Sands, Kirkby Stephen, Millom and Wigton.[4]
The administrative offices were at Cumbria House in Botchergate, Carlisle, and formal meetings of the Council were held at the County Offices in Kendal.[5]
History
editControl of the council swung back and forth. In its first four years (1973–1977) there was no overall control, but in 1977 the Conservatives gained a majority. In 1981, this became a majority for Labour, and from 1985 there was again no one-party control. In 1997, Labour again took control, but they lost it in 2001. In the final years of its existence there again was no party with a majority.
A proposal for Cumbria to become a unitary authority was made in 2007,[6] and Cumbria went into consultation, with opposition coming from the district councils which would be abolished: Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Copeland, Eden, and South Lakeland.[7] In the event, the county was left out of the 2009 structural changes to local government in England.[8]
In 2008, the county council rejected a proposal to introduce a directly elected mayor, opting instead for a cabinet-style administration that resembled the status quo.[9] During the same year, an administration of Conservatives and Liberal Democrats collapsed, suffering not least from lacking a majority in the council. Thirty-nine Labour members and three Independents exactly equalled the total of thirty-two Conservatives and ten Liberal Democrats. A minority Labour administration then took over running the council until the June 2009 elections, when a net gain of one seat from the Independents led to the creation of a new Conservative and Labour coalition.[10]
In 2020 the council approved Whitehaven coal mine for a third time. It will be the first deep coal mine in the UK in 30 years. The approval was widely criticised for its environmental damage and carbon emissions. Westmorland and Lonsdale MP Tim Farron described the coal mine as a "complete disaster for our children's future".[11][12][13]
In July 2021 the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government announced that in April 2023, the county would be reorganised into two unitary authorities. Cumbria County Council was to be abolished and its functions transferred to the new authorities.[14] An eastern authority, known as Westmorland and Furness Council, now covers the former districts of Barrow-in-Furness, Eden, and South Lakeland,[15] and a new western authority, known as Cumberland Council, covers the former districts of Allerdale, Carlisle, and Copeland.[15]
Elections
editThe first elections to the authority were in 1973, and members were elected every four years for a four-year term of office, with elections being held all together on the "first past the post" system.
Since boundary changes in 2001 until the council's abolition, 84 councillors were elected from 84 single-member electoral divisions.[16]
At the June 2009 elections, the outcome was 38 Conservatives members, 24 Labour, 16 Liberal Democrats and six Independents. A Labour-Conservative coalition was formed.
Following the May 2013 elections the outcome was 35 Labour members, 26 Conservative, 16 Liberal Democrats and 7 Independents. A Labour-Lib Dem coalition was formed.[17] Following the May 2017 elections, the outcome was 37 Conservative, 26 Labour, 16 Liberal Democrats and 5 Independents, resulting in a Labour-Lib Dem coalition with support from Independent members.[18]
The 2021 election was postponed on 10 April 2021.[19] In view of the council's abolition there was no election to the council in 2022.[20]
Political control
editThe political control of the council was as follows:[21]
| Party in control | Years |
|---|---|
| No overall control | 1973–1977 |
| Conservative | 1977–1981 |
| Labour | 1981–1985 |
| No overall control | 1985–1997 |
| Labour | 1997–2001 |
| No overall control | 2001–2023 |
Notable members
edit- Tim Westoll, first chairman of the council, previously chairman of Cumberland County Council from 1959 to 1974.[22]
Symbols and emblems
edit
The arms of Cumbria County Council were granted by the College of Arms on 10 October 1974. The arms represent the areas from which the new county council's area was put together; the shield's green border has Parnassus flowers representing Cumberland interspersed with roses; red for Lancashire (the Furness district) on white for Yorkshire (Sedbergh is from the West Riding). The crest is a ram's head crest, found in the arms of both Westmorland County Council and Barrow County Borough, with Cumberland's Parnassus flowers again. The supporters are the legendary Dacre Bull (Cumberland) and a red dragon, redolent of Cumbria's Brittonic origin.(Appleby in Westmorland). They stand on a base compartment representing Hadrian's Wall (in Cumberland), crossed with two red bars (from the Westmorland arms).[23] The county council's motto was "Ad Montes Oculos Levavi" is Latin, from Psalm 121; ("I shall lift up mine eyes unto the hills").[23] The county council's flag was a heraldic banner of its arms.[24][25]
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ Local government in England and Wales: A Guide to the New System. London: HMSO. 1974. ISBN 0-11-750847-0.
- ^ Civil engineering and public works review, vol. 67, Issues 792–797 (1972), p. 715
- ^ Tony Aldous, Goodbye Britain? (1975), p. 171
- ^ "Cumbria County Council plans recycling overhaul". BBC News. 15 January 2012.
- ^ "Full Constitution" (PDF). Cumbria County Council. p. 3. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
- ^ "County council in favour of unitary authority". Cumberland and Westmorland Herald. 19 January 2007. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ Julian Whittle (30 March 2007). "Big step forward for unitary authority bid". The Whitehaven News. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Woolas announces sixteen successful bids for unitary status to improve local services". eGove monitor. 27 March 2007. Archived from the original on 27 December 2007. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Council rules out elected mayor". BBC News. 14 September 2008. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Julian Whittle, Political fight begins for control of Cumbria council Archived 22 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine dated 12 May 2009 at newsandstar.co.uk, accessed 1 January 2011
- ^ "Whitehaven coal mine approved for third time". BBC News. 3 October 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ "Whitehaven coal mine: Government refuses to call in plans". BBC News. 6 January 2021. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ Media, P. A. (6 January 2021). "Jenrick criticised over decision not to block new Cumbria coal mine". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ "Next steps for new unitary councils in Cumbria, North Yorkshire and Somerset". GOV.UK. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
- ^ a b "Local Government Reorganisation. Delivering Two New Councils for Cumbria". Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
- ^ "Welcome to Council and Democracy". Cumbria County Council. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Cumbria County Council approves coalition deal". BBC News. 16 May 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
- ^ "Cumbria County Council announce new political administration". Cumbria County Council. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ "Local elections postponed in three English counties". BBC News. 23 February 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ "Latest news". Local Government Reorganisation. 5 November 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
- ^ "Cumbria". BBC News Online. 19 April 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Elizabeth Hughes, Obituary: Tim Westoll[dead link], dated 12 February 1999, in The Independent online
- ^ a b Cumbria County Council Archived 8 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine (Civic Heraldry) accessed 24 January 2010
- ^ "Cumbria floods remembered at Department for Communities and Local Government – GOV.UK". Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
- ^ "Cumbria flag flying outside Eland House". Department for Communities and Local Government. 2010. Archived from the original on 8 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
