The DKB Group (第一勧銀グループ, Dai'ichi Kangin Gurūpu) or the Dai-Ichi Kangyo Group was the largest Japanese keiretsu in the late 1990s.[1]
The group emerged after World War II and coalesced around the Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank. Two of DKB's largest clients, Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Furukawa Electric, led their own respective corporate groups with a cross-supply relationship between the two. The Kawasaki and Furukawa groups agreed to begin holding presidents' meetings in 1966.[2] Itochu, which historically supplied Kawasaki with raw materials, became the main general trading company for the combined group.[3]
The group's presidents began regular Sankin-kai (三金会) meetings in 1971. Also in that year, the group's name developed from the merger of Dai-Ichi Bank and Nippon Kangyo Bank.[1] In 1998, an announcement was made that the Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank was to be merged with Fuji Bank and the Industrial Bank of Japan to form Mizuho Financial Group.[4] The resulting group, which was established in September 2000,[5] was the largest banking group in the world with assets of 140 trillion yen.[4][6] The next few years saw a parallel consolidation of their keiretsu industrial partners[4] and saw the group grow to 150 trillion yen in assets (30% GDP).[5]
Companies
edit- Asahi Mutual Life Insurance
- The Dai-ichi Mutual Life Insurance Company
- Daiichi Sankyo
- Dentsu
- Fujitsu
- Hitachi
- IHI Corporation
- Isuzu
- ITOCHU
- JFE Holdings
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries
- K Line
- Kobe Steel
- Meiji Seika
- Mizuho Financial Group
- Nippon Columbia
- Seibu Department Stores
- Sojitz
- Sompo Japan Insurance
- Taiheiyo Cement
- Tokyo Broadcasting System
- Tokyo Dome
- The Tokyo Electric Power Company
- Tokyo FM
- Toshiba
- Toyota
- Yokohama Rubber Company
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Carson, Richard L.; Traynor, Baerbel M. (1998). Comparative Economic Systems: Transition and capitalist alternatives. M.E. Sharpe. p. 142. ISBN 978-1-56324-921-1.
- ^ "Annual Report 1998" (PDF). Mizuho Financial Group. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
- ^ Suzuki, Shinichi (2006). The Japanese Main Bank System: A Transaction Cost Approach. pp. 108–109. ISBN 9780542875380.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c Colpan, Asli M.; Hikino, Takashi; Lincoln, James R (2010). The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups. Oxford Handbooks Online. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-19-955286-3.
- ^ a b Gup, Benton E. (2004). Too big to fail: policies and practices in government bailouts. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 261–263. ISBN 978-1-56720-621-0.
- ^ Park, Sung-Jo; Holzhausen, Arne (2001). Can Japan globalize?. Springer. p. 79. ISBN 978-3-7908-1381-4.