The demographic features of Brunei include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Like neighbouring countries, Brunei is a Malay-majority country. Many cultural and linguistic differences make Brunei Malays distinct from the larger Malay populations in nearby Malaysia and Indonesia, even though they are ethnically related and share the Muslim religion.
Brunei has a hereditary nobility with the title Pengiran these are, more often than not, related to the Sultan by blood. The Sultan can award to commoners the title Pehin, the equivalent of a life peerage awarded in the United Kingdom. The Sultan also can award his subjects the Dato, the equivalent of a knighthood in the United Kingdom, and Datin, the equivalent of a damehood.
Bruneians adhere to the practice of using complete full names with all titles, including the title Haji (for men) or Hajjah (for women) for those who have made the Haj pilgrimage to Mecca. Many Brunei Malay women wear the tudong, a traditional head covering. Men wear the songkok, a traditional Malay cap. Men who have completed the Haj wear a white songkok.
The requirements to attain Brunei citizenship include passing tests in Malay culture, customs and language. Stateless permanent residents of Brunei are given International Certificates of Identity, which allow them to travel overseas. The majority of Brunei's Chinese are permanent residents, and many are stateless.
Petroleum wealth allows the Brunei Government to provide the population with one of Asia's finest health care systems. The Brunei Medical and Health Department introduced the region's first government "flying doctor service" in early 1965. Malaria has been eradicated, and cholera is virtually nonexistent. There are four general hospitals in Bandar Seri Begawan, Tutong, Kuala Belait and Bangar, and there are numerous health clinics throughout the country.
Education starts with preschool, followed by 6 years of primary education and up to 6 years of secondary education. Nine years of education are mandatory. Most of Brunei's college students attend universities and other institutions abroad, but approximately 2,542 study at the University of Brunei Darussalam. Opened in 1985, the university has a faculty of over 300 instructors and is located on a sprawling campus at Tungku, overlooking the South China Sea.
The official language is Malay, but English is widely understood and used in business. Other languages spoken are several Chinese dialects, Iban, and a number of native dialects. Islam is the official religion, but religious freedom is guaranteed under the constitution.
Population
editThe UN estimates Brunei's total population 456,055 as of Tuesday, July 23, 2024
The CIA World Factbook estimates the population at 450,565 as of July 2018.[1]
UN estimates
edit| Year[2] | Total population (thousands) |
Population in age bracket | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aged 0–14 | aged 15–64 | aged 65+ | ||
| 1950 | 48 | |||
| 1955 | 63 | |||
| 1960 | 80 | |||
| 1965 | 100 | |||
| 1970 | 125 | |||
| 1975 | 157 | |||
| 1980 | 189 | |||
| 1985 | 219 | |||
| 1990 | 252 | |||
| 1995 | 290 | |||
| 2000 | 327 | |||
| 2005 | 363 | |||
| 2010 | 399 | |||
Structure of the population
edit| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 203 149 | 190 223 | 393 372 | 100 |
| 0-4 | 15 678 | 14 653 | 30 331 | 7.71 |
| 5-9 | 17 269 | 16 365 | 33 634 | 8.55 |
| 10-14 | 18 448 | 17 015 | 35 463 | 9.02 |
| 15-19 | 17 948 | 17 013 | 34 961 | 8.89 |
| 20-24 | 19 950 | 18 257 | 38 207 | 9.71 |
| 25-29 | 20 749 | 18 445 | 39 194 | 9.96 |
| 30-34 | 19 322 | 17 619 | 36 941 | 9.39 |
| 35-39 | 17 329 | 16 423 | 33 752 | 8.58 |
| 40-44 | 15 262 | 14 819 | 30 081 | 7.65 |
| 45-49 | 12 836 | 11 754 | 24 590 | 6.25 |
| 50-54 | 10 318 | 9 458 | 19 776 | 5.03 |
| 55-59 | 7 170 | 6 872 | 14 042 | 3.57 |
| 60-64 | 4 160 | 4 354 | 8 514 | 2.16 |
| 65-69 | 2 583 | 2 501 | 5 084 | 1.29 |
| 70-74 | 1 833 | 2 079 | 3 912 | 0.99 |
| 75-79 | 1 195 | 1 398 | 2 593 | 0.66 |
| 80-84 | 701 | 703 | 1 404 | 0.36 |
| 85+ | 398 | 495 | 893 | 0.23 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0-14 | 51 395 | 48 033 | 99 428 | 25.28 |
| 15-64 | 145 044 | 135 014 | 280 058 | 71.19 |
| 65+ | 6 710 | 7 176 | 13 886 | 3.53 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 214 104 | 203 152 | 417 256 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 14 864 | 13 563 | 28 427 | 6.81 |
| 5–9 | 15 673 | 14 753 | 30 426 | 7.29 |
| 10–14 | 17 663 | 16 643 | 34 306 | 8.22 |
| 15–19 | 18 949 | 17 468 | 36 417 | 8.73 |
| 20–24 | 20 544 | 18 483 | 39 027 | 9.35 |
| 25–29 | 21 416 | 18 396 | 39 812 | 9.54 |
| 30–34 | 19 313 | 17 582 | 36 895 | 8.84 |
| 35–39 | 17 815 | 16 677 | 34 492 | 8.27 |
| 40–44 | 15 743 | 15 421 | 31 164 | 7.47 |
| 45–49 | 13 682 | 14 019 | 27 701 | 6.64 |
| 50–54 | 11 651 | 11 509 | 23 160 | 5.55 |
| 55–59 | 9 462 | 9 777 | 19 239 | 4.61 |
| 60–64 | 7 068 | 7 523 | 14 591 | 3.50 |
| 65-69 | 4 257 | 4 701 | 8 958 | 2.15 |
| 70-74 | 2 537 | 2 558 | 5 095 | 1.22 |
| 75-79 | 1 737 | 2 043 | 3 780 | 0.91 |
| 80-84 | 974 | 1 232 | 2 206 | 0.53 |
| 85-89 | 498 | 517 | 1 015 | 0.24 |
| 90-94 | 184 | 212 | 396 | 0.09 |
| 95-99 | 64 | 60 | 124 | 0.03 |
| 100+ | 10 | 15 | 25 | 0.01 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 48 200 | 44 959 | 93 159 | 22.33 |
| 15–64 | 155 643 | 146 855 | 302 498 | 72.50 |
| 65+ | 10 261 | 11 338 | 21 599 | 5.18 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 226 102 | 203 897 | 429 999 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 14 211 | 12 506 | 26 717 | 6.21 |
| 5–9 | 16 038 | 14 844 | 30 882 | 7.18 |
| 10–14 | 15 486 | 14 539 | 30 025 | 6.98 |
| 15–19 | 17 098 | 16 207 | 33 305 | 7.75 |
| 20–24 | 20 383 | 17 299 | 37 682 | 8.76 |
| 25–29 | 22 888 | 18 476 | 41 364 | 9.62 |
| 30–34 | 22 161 | 17 770 | 39 931 | 9.29 |
| 35–39 | 20 330 | 16 699 | 37 029 | 8.61 |
| 40–44 | 18 121 | 15 710 | 33 831 | 7.87 |
| 45–49 | 15 426 | 14 570 | 29 996 | 6.98 |
| 50–54 | 12 967 | 12 651 | 25 618 | 5.96 |
| 55–59 | 10 129 | 9 930 | 20 059 | 4.66 |
| 60–64 | 7 917 | 8 305 | 16 222 | 3.77 |
| 65-69 | 5 760 | 6 296 | 12 056 | 2.80 |
| 70-74 | 3 441 | 3 855 | 7 296 | 1.70 |
| 75-79 | 1 865 | 1 935 | 3 800 | 0.88 |
| 80-84 | 1 078 | 1 392 | 2 470 | 0.57 |
| 85-89 | 509 | 661 | 1 170 | 0.27 |
| 90-94 | 170 | 185 | 355 | 0.08 |
| 95-99 | 43 | 48 | 91 | 0.02 |
| 100+ | 81 | 19 | 100 | 0.02 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 45 735 | 41 889 | 87 624 | 20.38 |
| 15–64 | 167 420 | 147 617 | 315 037 | 73.26 |
| 65+ | 12 947 | 14 391 | 27 338 | 6.36 |
Median age
edit- total: 30.5 years
- male: 30 years
- female: 31 years (2018 est.)[1]
Population growth rate
edit- 1.55% (2018 est.)[1]
Net migration rate
edit- 2.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)[1]
Sex ratio
edit- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
- 0–14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
- 15–24 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
- 25–54 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
- 55–64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2017 est.)[1]
Urbanization
edit- Urban population: 77.6% of total population (2018)
- Rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)[1]
Vital statistics
editUN estimates
editData according to the United Nations' World Population Prospects.[2]
| Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR1 | CDR1 | NC1 | TFR1 | IMR1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950-1955 | 3 000 | 1 000 | 2 000 | 49.6 | 13.5 | 37.3 | 7.00 | 90.2 |
| 1955-1960 | 3 000 | 1 000 | 2 000 | 43.5 | 10.6 | 37.1 | 6.38 | 68.8 |
| 1960-1965 | 4 000 | 1 000 | 3 000 | 41.9 | 8.7 | 34.0 | 6.56 | 52.1 |
| 1965-1970 | 4 000 | 1 000 | 3 000 | 35.1 | 7.1 | 29.6 | 5.59 | 39.1 |
| 1970-1975 | 5 000 | 1 000 | 4 000 | 37.4 | 6.3 | 29.2 | 5.87 | 29.3 |
| 1975-1980 | 6 000 | 1 000 | 5 000 | 34.4 | 5.2 | 25.5 | 4.71 | 21.9 |
| 1980-1985 | 6 000 | 1 000 | 5 000 | 29.9 | 4.4 | 26.3 | 3.92 | 16.4 |
| 1985-1990 | 7 000 | 1 000 | 6 000 | 29.8 | 3.9 | 23.6 | 3.72 | 12.2 |
| 1990-1995 | 8 000 | 1 000 | 7 000 | 28.1 | 3.5 | 25.0 | 3.28 | 9.1 |
| 1995-2000 | 7 000 | 1 000 | 6 000 | 23.9 | 3.1 | 22.2 | 2.60 | 6.8 |
| 2000-2005 | 8 000 | 1 000 | 7 000 | 21.9 | 3.0 | 20.8 | 2.28 | 5.1 |
| 2005-2010 | 8 000 | 1 000 | 6 000 | 20.1 | 3.1 | 16.5 | 2.11 | 4.8 |
| 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births | ||||||||
Registered births and deaths
editData according to the United Nations Statistics Division.[6][7]
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | TFR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1949 | 45,000 | 2,073 | 766 | 1,307 | 47.1 | 17.4 | 29.7 | |
| 1950 | 48,000 | 2,316 | 826 | 1,490 | 50.3 | 18.0 | 32.4 | |
| 1951 | 51,000 | 2,805 | 708 | 2,097 | 58.4 | 14.8 | 43.7 | |
| 1952 | 54,000 | 2,809 | 865 | 1,944 | 54.0 | 16.6 | 37.4 | |
| 1953 | 57,000 | 2,903 | 808 | 2,095 | 51.8 | 14.4 | 37.4 | |
| 1954 | 60,000 | 3,332 | 776 | 2,556 | 54.6 | 12.7 | 41.9 | |
| 1955 | 63,000 | 3,600 | 878 | 2,722 | 55.4 | 13.5 | 41.9 | |
| 1956 | 66,000 | 4,076 | 904 | 3,172 | 59.1 | 13.1 | 46.0 | |
| 1957 | 70,000 | 3,320 | 1,138 | 2,182 | 44.3 | 15.2 | 29.1 | |
| 1958 | 73,000 | 4,399 | 911 | 3,488 | 55.0 | 11.4 | 43.6 | |
| 1959 | 76,000 | 4,201 | 935 | 3,266 | 49.4 | 11.0 | 38.4 | |
| 1960 | 80,000 | 4,105 | 917 | 3,188 | 45.6 | 10.2 | 35.4 | |
| 1961 | 83,000 | 4,312 | 606 | 3,706 | 49.0 | 6.9 | 42.1 | |
| 1962 | 87,000 | 3,980 | 628 | 3,352 | 43.3 | 6.8 | 36.4 | |
| 1963 | 91,000 | 3,521 | 655 | 2,866 | 36.7 | 6.8 | 29.9 | |
| 1964 | 95,000 | 4,178 | 621 | 3,557 | 41.8 | 6.2 | 35.6 | |
| 1965 | 100,000 | 4,193 | 662 | 3,531 | 39.9 | 6.3 | 33.6 | |
| 1966 | 104,000 | 4,089 | 657 | 3,432 | 37.5 | 6.0 | 31.5 | |
| 1967 | 109,000 | 4,381 | 756 | 3,625 | 38.4 | 6.6 | 31.8 | |
| 1968 | 114,000 | 4,912 | 715 | 4,197 | 41.3 | 6.0 | 35.3 | |
| 1969 | 119,000 | 4,614 | 691 | 3,923 | 36.9 | 5.5 | 31.4 | |
| 1970 | 125,000 | 4,823 | 716 | 4,107 | 37.1 | 5.5 | 31.6 | |
| 1971 | 131,000 | 5,181 | 801 | 4,380 | 38.1 | 5.9 | 32.2 | |
| 1972 | 137,000 | 5,008 | 742 | 4,266 | 35.3 | 5.2 | 30.0 | |
| 1973 | 144,000 | 5,034 | 708 | 4,326 | 34.7 | 4.9 | 29.8 | |
| 1974 | 150,000 | 5,013 | 640 | 4,373 | 33.4 | 4.3 | 29.2 | |
| 1975 | 157,000 | 5,141 | 728 | 4,413 | 33.0 | 4.7 | 28.3 | |
| 1976 | 163,000 | 5,300 | 667 | 4,633 | 32.5 | 4.1 | 28.4 | |
| 1977 | 170,000 | 5,397 | 748 | 4,649 | 31.8 | 4.4 | 27.4 | |
| 1978 | 176,000 | 5,590 | 731 | 4,859 | 31.7 | 4.1 | 27.5 | |
| 1979 | 183,000 | 5,877 | 728 | 5,149 | 32.1 | 4.0 | 28.1 | |
| 1980 | 189,000 | 5,767 | 742 | 5,025 | 30.5 | 3.9 | 26.5 | |
| 1981 | 195,000 | 5,877 | 705 | 5,172 | 30.1 | 3.6 | 26.5 | |
| 1982 | 201,000 | 5,952 | 783 | 5,169 | 29.6 | 3.9 | 25.7 | |
| 1983 | 207,000 | 5,983 | 717 | 5,266 | 28.9 | 3.5 | 25.4 | |
| 1984 | 213,000 | 6,330 | 768 | 5,562 | 29.7 | 3.6 | 26.1 | |
| 1985 | 219,000 | 6,682 | 794 | 5,888 | 30.5 | 3.6 | 26.9 | |
| 1986 | 225,000 | 6,920 | 723 | 6,197 | 30.7 | 3.2 | 27.5 | |
| 1987 | 232,000 | 7,088 | 765 | 6,323 | 30.6 | 3.3 | 27.3 | |
| 1988 | 238,000 | 6,881 | 777 | 6,104 | 28.9 | 3.3 | 25.6 | |
| 1989 | 245,000 | 6,926 | 827 | 6,099 | 28.3 | 3.4 | 24.9 | |
| 1990 | 252,000 | 7,011 | 770 | 6,241 | 27.8 | 3.1 | 24.8 | |
| 1991 | 259,000 | 7,106 | 852 | 6,254 | 27.4 | 3.3 | 24.1 | |
| 1992 | 267,000 | 7,290 | 887 | 6,403 | 27.3 | 3.3 | 24.0 | |
| 1993 | 274,000 | 7,314 | 1,018 | 6,296 | 26.7 | 3.7 | 22.9 | |
| 1994 | 282,000 | 7,400 | 1,000 | 6,400 | 26.2 | 3.5 | 22.7 | |
| 1995 | 287,300 | 7,500 | 1,000 | 6,500 | 25.9 | 3.5 | 22.4 | |
| 1996 | 294,500 | 7,633 | 1,002 | 6,631 | 25.7 | 3.4 | 22.3 | |
| 1997 | 301,700 | 7,459 | 883 | 6,576 | 24.5 | 2.9 | 21.6 | |
| 1998 | 309,500 | 7,411 | 928 | 6,483 | 23.7 | 3.0 | 20.8 | |
| 1999 | 316,900 | 7,408 | 905 | 6,503 | 23.2 | 2.8 | 20.3 | |
| 2000 | 324,800 | 7,481 | 965 | 6,516 | 22.9 | 3.0 | 19.9 | 2.30 |
| 2001 | 332,844 | 7,363 | 1,014 | 6,349 | 22.0 | 3.0 | 19.0 | 2.20 |
| 2002 | 340,100 | 7,464 | 1,041 | 6,423 | 21.9 | 3.0 | 18.8 | 2.40 |
| 2003 | 346,400 | 7,047 | 1,010 | 6,037 | 20.2 | 2.9 | 17.3 | 2.30 |
| 2004 | 352,300 | 7,165 | 1,010 | 6,155 | 20.1 | 2.8 | 17.3 | 2.10 |
| 2005 | 358,500 | 6,933 | 1,072 | 5,861 | 19.1 | 3.0 | 16.1 | 2.00 |
| 2006 | 364,500 | 6,526 | 1,095 | 5,431 | 17.6 | 3.0 | 14.7 | 1.80 |
| 2007 | 370,000 | 6,314 | 1,174 | 5,140 | 16.7 | 3.1 | 13.6 | 1.90 |
| 2008 | 375,000 | 6,424 | 1,091 | 5,333 | 16.7 | 2.8 | 13.9 | 1.882 |
| 2009 | 380,100 | 6,625 | 1,171 | 5,454 | 17.4 | 3.1 | 14.3 | 1.919 |
| 2010 | 386,800 | 6,412 | 1,208 | 5,204 | 16.6 | 3.1 | 13.5 | 1.828 |
| 2011 | 393,372 | 6,724 | 1,235 | 5,489 | 17.1 | 3.1 | 14.0 | 1.910 |
| 2012 | 398,700 | 6,909 | 1,216 | 5,693 | 17.3 | 3.0 | 14.3 | 1.933 |
| 2013 | 403,300 | 6,680 | 1,398 | 5,282 | 16.4 | 3.4 | 13.0 | 1.857 |
| 2014 | 407,600 | 6,891 | 1,470 | 5,421 | 16.7 | 3.6 | 13.2 | 1.910 |
| 2015 | 412,400 | 6,699 | 1,547 | 5,152 | 16.1 | 3.7 | 12.3 | 1.847 |
| 2016 | 417,256 | 6,437 | 1,632 | 4,805 | 15.4 | 3.9 | 11.5 | 1.820 |
| 2017 | 426,400 | 6,452 | 1,696 | 4,756 | 15.1 | 4.0 | 11.1 | 1.797 |
| 2018 | 436,600 | 6,199 | 1,612 | 4,587 | 14.2 | 3.7 | 10.5 | 1.721 |
| 2019 | 451,000 | 6,178 | 1,760 | 4,418 | 13.7 | 3.9 | 9.8 | 1.699 |
| 2020 | 441,800 | 6,498 | 1,752 | 4,746 | 14.7 | 4.0 | 10.7 | 1.829 |
| 2021 | 440,715 | 6,751 | 1,865 | 4,886 | 15.3 | 4.2 | 11.1 | 1.906 |
| 2022 | 445,400 | 6,254 | 2,322 | 3,932 | 14.0 | 5.2 | 8.8 | 1.765 |
| 2023 | 450,500 | 6,290 | 1,912 | 4,378 | 14.0 | 4.2 | 9.8 | 1.764 |
Life expectancy at birth
edit- total population: 75.52 years
- male: 73.32 years
- female: 77.83 years (2009 est.)[citation needed]
Ethnic groups
edit| Ethnic group |
census 1947 | census 1960 | census 1971 | census 1981 | census 1991 | census 2001 | census 2011 | census 2021 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Malay | 16,742 | 41.2 | 45,135 | 53.8 | 89,267 | 65.5 | 125,717 | 65.2 | 174,319 | 66.9 | 222,101 | 66.7 | 258,446 | 65.7 | 297,016 | 67.4 |
| Kedayan1 | 4,291 | 5.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 8,300 | 20.4 | 21,795 | 26.0 | 31,925 | 23.4 | 39,461 | 20.5 | 40,621 | 15.6 | 37,056 | 11.1 | 40,534 | 10.3 | 42,132 | 9.6 |
| Dusun (Brunei) | 2 | 4,873 | 5.8 | 8,552 | 6.3 | 15,175 | 7.9 | 15,665 | 6.0 | 73,687 | 22.1 | 13,280 | 3.4 | 101,567 | 23.0 | |
| Iban | 1,330 | 3.3 | 3,900 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||
| Melanau | 2,517 | 6.2 | 318 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||
| Indians | 11,768 | 28.9 | 3,565 | 4.3 | 2,162 | 1.6 | 5,919 | 3.1 | 29,877 | 11.5 | 81,112 | 20.6 | ||||
| Others | 4,350 | 3.2 | 6,560 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total | 40,657 | 83,877 | 136,256 | 192,832 | 260,482 | 332,844 | 393,372 | 440,715 | ||||||||
| 1 The Kedayan were only mentioned as a separate ethnic group in the 1960 census; they are probably included in the Malay in the other censuses. 2 included in 'Others' | ||||||||||||||||
- According to the 1991 census, Bruneian (Malay or also called Kedayan) were 67% of the population, Chinese were 16%, indigenous were 6%, and others (including Indians) were 12%. Indigenous groups include the Iban people, Murut (a branch of the Dayak people), the Dusun (Brunei), and the Melanau.
- According to the CIA World Factbook, in 2016 the Malay were 65.7%, Chinese were 10.3%, and others were 24%.[1]
Languages
edit- Malay (official), English, Chinese.[1]
Religions
editHIV/AIDS
edit- Adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2003 est.)
- People living with HIV/AIDS: less than 200 (2003 est.)
- Deaths: less than 200 (2003 est.)[citation needed]
Nationality
edit- Noun: Bruneian(s)
- Adjective: Bruneian
Literacy
edit- Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- Total population: 96%
- Male: 97.5%
- Female: 94.5% (2015 est.)[1]
Education expenditures
edit- 4.4% of total GDP (2016)[1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Brunei". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. July 2018. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
- ^ a b "World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision". un.org.
- ^ "Demographic Yearbook". United Nations Statistics Division.[not specific enough to verify]
- ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
- ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 2023-05-10.
- ^ a b "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". un.org.
- ^ Live births, deaths, and infant deaths, latest available year (2002 - 2016), United Nations Statistics Division.
- ^ (Department of Statistics - Department of Economic Planning & Statistics), e Data Library. "e Data Library (Department of Statistics - Department of Economic Planning & Statistics)". deps.mofe.gov.bn. Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 2024-08-19.
- ^ "Department of Economic Planning and Statistics - edata Library". www.deps.gov.bn. Retrieved 2021-03-21.
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.