The Deva are a mythical people of Sri Lanka according to the Sanskrit epics. According to the Mahavamsa and Ramayana they lived among the Naga, Yakkha and Raskha. They ousted their arch enemies the Raskha from Sri Lanka, with the help of Vishnu. They were then subsequently conquered by King Ravana of the Raskha. After the Yakkhas had left to live in the mountains and remote dense forests, they met Gautama Buddha who converted them to Buddhism. Deva were the first Indo Aryan migrants to Sri Lanka before Vijaya.[1][2]
According to the Mahavamsa, Gautama Buddha met the Deva at Mahiyangana.[3] Buddha gave Sumana Saman (A leader of the Deva) a few hairs from his head, which were placed in a golden urn and enshrined in a sapphire stupa. A buddhist monk called Sarabhu is then said to have deposited Buddha's ashes in this Stupa. This stupa is now called the "Mahiyangana Stupa" and can be found in the Anuradhapura museum.[4]
Sumana Saman was a leader of the Deva who came from the central hills of Sri Lanka.[3] Some Sri Lankan Buddhists worship him as a deity.[1] He is said to be the guardian of Samanalakanda.[5]
Migration
editDuring the ascension of the mythical Raksha demon King Ravana (Disputing King Ravana being called a 'Demon' King, which fits into the systematic demonization of a legendary King deified by many Sri Lankans), some Deva people migrated to other places like present-day North Malabar of Kerala where they followed Dravidian folk religion before the advent of Hinduism. they still survive in Malabar, and are known as "Divyar" or "Thiyyar", a localization of the name "Deyva" equivalent to Deva. The ancestor worship of Thiyyas springs from the fact that they consider themselves as descendants of "Deyva" or God. The ceremonial oracles, who represent the spirit of their ancestors of Lanka, in the temple are known as "Theyyam", originating from the word "Deyvam" meaning God. However, by the time of the legendary arrival of Vijaya to Sri Lanka, a significant number of the Deva clan is held in popular tradition had intermingled with North Indians, Nagas and Yaksas, to create the Sinhalese lineage.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b W. L. Wijayawansa . (2009). Curbing the tribesmen . Available: http://www.dailynews.lk/2009/12/31/fea25.asp Archived 29 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Last accessed 17 March 2010.
- ^ John M. Senaveratna (1997). The Story of the Sinhalese. Colombo: Asian Educational Services.
- ^ a b Duruthu Poya – The Buddha’s first visit to Lanka. (2009). Gamini Jayasinghe. Available: http://www.amarasara.info/hotnews/20091231-02.htm[permanent dead link]. Last accessed 17 March 2010.
- ^ Ven. S. Dhammika & BuddhaNet/Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. (2007). Mahiyangana. Available: http://www.buddhanet.net/sacred-island/mahiyangana.html. Last accessed 17 March 2010.
- ^ A.G.S. Kariyawasam . (1995). The Gods & Deity Worship in Sri Lanka. Available: http://www.lankalibrary.com/myths/gods.htm. Last accessed 17 March 2010.
- ^ "Ramayana Research – Heladiva". Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
- H. Parker (1909). Ancient Ceylon. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. 7.
- H.R Perera. (1988). Buddhism in Sri Lanka – A short history. Available: http://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/bud-srilanka.pdf. Last accessed 02 10 10.