Edgar John "Ben" Benson PC FCA (May 28, 1923 – September 2, 2011) was a Canadian politician, businessman, diplomat, and university professor. He held four cabinet posts, most notably that of Minister of Finance under Pierre Trudeau, where he was instrumental in reforming Canada's income tax law.[1] He was described as "Pierre Trudeau's unflappable finance minister, the pipe-smoking financial wizard who raised the ire of corporate Canada in the 1970s by bringing in a capital gains tax."[1]
Edgar Benson | |
|---|---|
 Benson, c. 1968 | |
| Minister of National Defence | |
| In office January 28, 1972 – August 31, 1972 | |
| Prime Minister | Pierre Trudeau |
| Preceded by | Donald Macdonald |
| Succeeded by | Jean-Eudes Dubé (acting) |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office April 20, 1968 – January 28, 1972 | |
| Prime Minister | Pierre Trudeau |
| Preceded by | Mitchell Sharp |
| Succeeded by | John Turner |
| President of the Treasury Board | |
| In office October 1, 1966 – July 5, 1968 | |
| Prime Minister | Lester B. Pearson Pierre Trudeau |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Charles Drury |
| Minister of National Revenue | |
| In office June 29, 1964 – January 17, 1968 | |
| Prime Minister | Lester B. Pearson |
| Preceded by | George McIlraith (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Jean Chrétien |
| Member of Parliament for Kingston (1962–1968); Kingston and the Islands (1968–1972) | |
| In office June 18, 1962 – October 29, 1972 | |
| Preceded by | Benjamin Graydon Allmark |
| Succeeded by | Flora MacDonald |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Edgar John Benson May 28, 1923 Cobourg, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | September 2, 2011 (aged 88) Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| Resting place | Beechwood Cemetery |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse(s) | Marie Louise van Laer (1946–1974) Mary Jane Binks (1987–2011) |
| Alma mater | Queen's University |
| Profession | Chartered Accountant |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | .svg){kind=small} Canadian Army |
| Years of service | 1941–1946 |
| Rank |  Sergeant |
| Unit | 1st Survey Regiment, RCA I Canadian Corps |
Early years
editAfter serving overseas in the Second World War as a sergeant in the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery, Benson attended Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, where he obtained his Bachelor of Commerce degree. He became a chartered accountant and partner in the accounting firm of England, Leonard, Macpherson and Company, and co-owner of CKLC.[2] Prior to his entry into politics, he also taught Business Administration at Queen's, in the capacity of Assistant Professor of Commerce.[3][4]
Political life
editHe was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1962 general election as the Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Kingston, Ontario. Initially appointed in 1962 as Parliamentary Secretary to then Minister of Finance Walter Gordon, he entered the Cabinet of Prime Minister Lester Pearson in 1964 as Minister of National Revenue, and served concurrently from 1966 to 1968 as the first President of the Treasury Board.
He was an early supporter of Pierre Trudeau in the 1968 Liberal leadership campaign to replace the retiring Pearson, and, together with Jean Marchand, was co-chairman of Trudeau's leadership bid.[1] He was later appointed Minister of Finance, serving from 1968 to 1972.
Tax reform (1971)
editBenson's balanced budget for 1969-70 would be the last until Paul Martin's budget of 1997-98.[5] Later in 1969, he introduced his white paper on Canadian tax reform, which paved the way for:
- a capital gains tax[6]
- a tax deduction for child care as a means of helping mothers enter the workforce[7]
- greater use of Registered Retirement Savings Plans[8]
The proposals were subjected to intensive debate that lasted more than a year. Those concerning the capital gains tax were severely criticized by the business community, particularly Israel Asper, who condemned the measure.[9] The reforms were only passed after significant amendment, and even then only through the use of closure.[1] They came into effect on January 1, 1972, as prescribed by the 1971 Canadian federal budget.[10]
Marc Lalonde, a colleague and future Finance Minister, later said, "He was in finance at a critical time, he revolutionized the system. He launched a revolution. It was a revolution, a necessary step and a demanding task. What he did was economically justified. The basic tax structure that he put in place is still alive. No one has really touched it since."[1]
Impact
editHe was also instrumental in rolling out a national medical care plan and supplementary old age pensions and played a key role in federal-provincial relations.
Benson wore a pair of new shoes on budget day in 1968, although he said, "He didn't buy them just for the budget."[11] The following year he did not wear new shoes when delivering the budget, saying jokingly that he couldn't afford them,[12] and in 1970 proudly displayed his worn soles on budget day.[13]
He later served as Minister of National Defence from January to August 1972, when he retired from politics, choosing not to run in the 1972 election.
Later life and death
editBenson served as President of the Canadian Transport Commission from 1972 to 1982,[14] and as Canadian Ambassador to Ireland from 1982 to 1985.[15] He died on September 2, 2011, at the age of 88.[16]
Honours
editBenson was conferred honorary degrees as a Doctor of Laws from:
- Royal Military College of Canada in 1973
- Queen's University in 2008[17]
Electoral record
edit| 1962 Canadian federal election: Kingston | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Edgar Benson | 16,828 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Benjamin Allmark | 13,599 | ||||||
| New Democratic | John McKinnon | 1,468 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Ernest Hogan | 214 | ||||||
| 1963 Canadian federal election: Kingston | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Edgar Benson | 18,425 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | J. Earl McEwen | 12,879 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Denis Kalman | 2,400 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Grace C.A. Gough | 194 | ||||||
| 1965 Canadian federal election: Kingston | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Edgar Benson | 16,022 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | J. Earl McEwen | 12,766 | ||||||
| New Democratic | John Meister | 3,530 | ||||||
| 1968 Canadian federal election: Kingston and the Islands | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |||||
| Liberal | Edgar Benson | 16,234 | 49.7 | |||||
| Progressive Conservative | Boggart Trumpour | 11,799 | 36.1 | |||||
| New Democratic | Brendan McConnell | 4,636 | 14.2 | |||||
| Total valid votes | 32,669 | 100.0 | ||||||
Further reading
edit- Benson, E.J. (1969). Proposals for tax reform (PDF). Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada.
- Benson, E.J. (1971). Summary of 1971 Tax Reform Legislation (PDF). Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada.
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Hustak 2011.
- ^ "Radio station history - CKLC-FM". Canadian Communications Foundation. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017.
- ^ "Tax Reform (speech)". Empire Club of Canada. 13 February 1969.
- ^ "Flags lowered for former School of Business professor". Queen's Gazette. Queen's University. September 9, 2011. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
- ^ Brian Lee Crowley; Jeff Waldman (2011). Fearful Symmetry - The Fall and Rise of Canada's Founding Values. Ottawa: Macdonald-Laurier Institute. ISBN 978-1-4566-0552-0.
- ^ Benson 1969, ch. 3.
- ^ Benson 1969, par. 2.7-2.9.
- ^ Benson 1969, par. 2.45-2.52.
- ^ Israel Asper (1970). The Benson iceberg: a critical analysis of the white paper on tax reform in Canada. Toronto: Clarke, Irwin & Company. OL 5396963M.
- ^ An Act to amend the Income Tax Act and to make certain provisions and alterations to the statute law related to or consequential upon the amendments to that Act, S.C. 1970-71-72, c. 63
- ^ Robert Hull (23 October 1968). "Name makes tax no sweeter". The Windsor Star. p. 16.
- ^ "Busy day for Mr. Benson". The Montreal Gazette. 4 June 1969. p. 16.
- ^ "Setting an example?". The Windsor Star. 13 March 1970. p. 13.
- ^ "Taking Control - The Canadian Transport Commission, 1967 to 1988". Canadian Transportation Agency. Archived from the original on 29 May 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
- ^ "Benson, Hon. Edgar J. (Non-career)". Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
- ^ "Edgar John Benson". Kingston Whig-Standard.
- ^ "Honorary Degree Recipients 2008-2010". Queen's University. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
External links
edit- "Edgar J. Benson fonds". Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on 21 December 2013.
- Edgar Benson – Parliament of Canada biography
- Alan Hustak (13 September 2011). "Unflappable finance minister rewrote Canada's tax rules". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2011.