Florence Donald Shapiro (born May 2, 1948)[1] is an American politician from Texas. Her political career lasted over 30 years and coincided with Plano's growth from a bedroom community of 17,000 to a city of almost 300,000 residents. After moving to Plano in 1972, she served on the Plano City Council from 1979 to 1990 and served as the city's first female and Jewish elected mayor from 1990 to 1992.
Florence Shapiro | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the Texas Senate from the 8th district | |
| In office January 10, 1995 – January 8, 2013 | |
| Preceded by | O.H. "Ike" Harris |
| Succeeded by | Ken Paxton |
| Member of the Texas Senate from the 2nd district | |
| In office January 12, 1993 – January 10, 1995 | |
| Preceded by | Ted Lyon |
| Succeeded by | David Cain |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Florence Donald May 2, 1948 New York City, New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Howard Shapiro |
| Children | 3 |
| Residence(s) | Plano, Texas |
| Alma mater | University of Texas at Austin (BS) |
| Profession | Teacher, politician, advertising executive, consultant |
As a Republican, Shapiro served in the Texas Senate from 1993 to 2013, representing District 2 from 1993 to 1995 and District 8 from 1995 until her retirement in 2013. Her constituency was centered in Collin County in the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex, especially the city of Plano.
In the Texas Senate, Shapiro chaired the State Affairs Committee and the chamber's Education Committee from 2003 to 2013.
Early life and education
editA first-generation American, Shapiro was born to German-born Martin and Ann Donald, both Holocaust survivors,[2] in New York City on May 2, 1948.[1] Shapiro's mother was pregnant with her on the ship passage from England to New York City.[3]
After a decade in New York City, the family moved to Dallas, Texas in 1958,[3] and Shapiro attended and graduated from Hillcrest High School. After high school, Shapiro matriculated to The University of Texas at Austin, and was the first in her family to attend college.[4] At UT, she met her husband Howard.[5] and earned a B.S. in secondary education in 1970.[4]
Shapiro began her professional career as a public school English and speech teacher at Richardson High School in Richardson, Texas for two years. She and her husband moved from Richardson to Plano in 1972, when Plano's population was 17,500.[5] In the 1980s, Shapiro founded and operated Shapiro & Company, an advertising, public relations and events firm for 10 years before closing the company due to scheduling demands from her responsibilities in the Texas Senate.[4]
Political career
editLocal politics (1979-1992)
editShapiro quit her job as a teacher in 1972 in order to have a baby and turned to community involvement.[6] After several years as an active volunteer in Plano, Shapiro was encouraged to run for the "woman's seat" on the Plano City Council.[7] She won her first election in 1979 by 39 votes[6] and was subsequently elected to serve six terms from 1979 to 1990. During her entire tenure, Shapiro was the only woman on the council.[1][4] As a council member, Shapiro served as the president of the North Central Texas Council of Governments in 1984[7] and as President of the Texas Municipal League.[3]
In 1990, Shapiro ran unopposed[7] and was subsequently elected the first female and first Jewish[8] Mayor of Plano. She served one term from 1990 to 1992.[1][4]
Texas Senate (1993-2013)
edit
At the Cotton Bowl parade in 1991, Shapiro's friend Kay Bailey Hutchison, then the Texas State Treasurer, suggested that Shapiro run for the Texas Senate. In 1992, she ran for District 2, which included Collin County and counties in East Texas. Her campaign manager was Karl Rove, who would later work as a top aide to Governor George W. Bush (who would go on to be elected President in 2000). Shapiro was the top vote-getter in the Republican primary against Don Kent and former Plano mayor Jack Harvard, then defeated Kent by 1 percentage point in a hotly-contested run-off election, during which vandals defaced her campaign signs with swastikas due to Shapiro's Jewish faith.[6]
In the general election, Shapiro faced 13-year Democratic incumbent Ted Lyon. The race was so vitriolic that the Dallas Morning News ran an editorial titled "Voters Didn't Deserve This," calling for a lowering of temperatures. Shapiro won by 13 points. After the 1992 election, Shapiro rarely faced serious competition.[6]
In the Texas Senate, Shapiro earned attention for authoring "Ashley's Laws" in 1995 that increased penalties for sex offenders and improved tracking of sex offenders released from prison. In 1993, 7-year-old Ashley Estell was kidnapped, from Carpenter Park in Plano, assaulted, and murdered. "Ashley's Laws" consisted on 12 bills that required, among other things, police departments to publicize the location of sex offenders after their release and require notification of schools of their presence in the area.[9][6] Shapiro's work earned her the Texas Association Against Sexual Assault's "Champion for Social Change Award".[10] and the Children's Advocacy Centers of Texas's "Legislator of the Year Award" in 2008.[11]
Shapiro was also involved in efforts to advocate for human rights and Holocaust education. President George W. Bush appointed Shapiro to the Honorary Delegation to Jerusalem for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the State of Israel in May 2008.[12] In 2009, Governor Rick Perry signed Senate Bill 482 co-authored by Shapiro and Rodney Ellis that established an 18-member Texas Holocaust and Genocide Commission, charged with improving Holocaust and genocide education and organizing memorial events in Texas.[13]
Governor for a Day
editIn January 2005, she was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate, becoming second in the gubernatorial line of succession, behind the Lieutenant Governor of Texas.[1] She was the first senator from Collin County to serve in that position in more than forty years.[14] When both Governor Rick Perry and Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst were out of the state on official business on April 9, 2005, Shapiro served as the Governor for a day, the sixth woman in Texas history to do so.[14]
U.S. Senate speculation (2008-2011)
edit
Potential special election
editIn October 2007, Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson announced that she would potentially vacate her seat in the U.S. Senate before the end of her term in 2012 to challenge incumbent Governor of Texas Rick Perry in the Republican primary of the 2010 Texas gubernatorial election. On July 15, 2008, Shapiro announced the formation of an exploratory committee for Hutchinson's seat, chaired by her friend and former Dallas Cowboys quarterback Roger Staubach. Shapiro was the first candidate to formally announce an exploratory committee, but local media expected additional candidates to jump into the fray, such as U.S. Congressmen Pete Sessions and Kay Granger, former Texas Secretary of State Roger Williams, and Texas Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst.[15]
After forming the committee, Shapiro began heavy fundraising and had raised more money than any other declared candidate by the end of 2008. Shapiro raised $226,000 in the fourth quarter of 2008 and ended the year with $373,556 in her campaign war chest.[16]
Hutchison formally announced her gubernatorial campaign on August 17, 2009.[17] However, Hutchison did not resign from her Senate seat, announcing on November 13, that she would remain in the Senate during the campaign.[18]
2012 election
editHutchinson subsequently announced on January 13, 2011, that she would not run for re-election in 2012 and would retire after 18 years in the U.S. Senate[19] The next day, Shapiro decided against running to replace Hutchinson in the 2012 United States Senate election in Texas, ultimately won by Texas solicitor general Ted Cruz.[20] Shapiro, who by then had raised approximately $1 million, formally withdrew her candidacy on March 31 and announced that she would refund her donors.[21]
Retirement
editOn September 19, 2011, Shapiro announced that she would not stand for reelection to the Texas Senate.[22] Her seat was ultimately won by State Representative Ken Paxton, who would later serve as the Texas Attorney General.[23]
Post-political career
editAfter retiring from the Texas Senate, Shapiro worked for an education company.[22] In 2013, Plano's city council chambers were renamed the Senator Florence Shapiro Council Chambers in her honor.[24]
Personal life
editShapiro lives in Plano, Texas with her husband Howard. They have three children and 12 grandchildren.[4]
Election history
edit2010
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent) | 136,369 | 100.00 | +10.25 | |
| Turnout | 127,590 | −15.76 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2006
edit| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent) | 127,590 | 100.00 | +10.25 | |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Libertarian | Ed Kless | 25,935 | 15.98 | +10.25 | |
| Turnout | 162,304 | −15.76 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2002
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent) | 135,927 | 89.75 | −10.25 | |
| Libertarian | David Spaller | 15,525 | 10.25 | +10.25 | |
| Turnout | 151,452 | −32.80 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2000
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent) | 225,369 | 100.00 | +10.24 | |
| Turnout | 225,369 | +6.48 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
1996
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent) | 189,985 | 89.76 | −0.47 | |
| Libertarian | Randal Morgan | 21,674 | 10.24 | +5.82 | |
| Turnout | 211,659 | +22.41 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
1994
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro (Incumbent)[27] | 156,014 | 90.23 | +7.57 | |
| Libertarian | John Wawro | 7,642 | 4.42 | −12.92 | |
| Independent | Paul Bertanzetti | 9,247 | 5.35 | ||
| Turnout | 172,903 | −15.52 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
1992
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Florence Shapiro | 129,229 | 53.54 | ||
| Democratic | Ted Lyon | 96,746 | 40.08 | ||
| Libertarian | Richard C. Donaldson | 15,384 | 6.37 | ||
| Turnout | 241,358 | ||||
| Republican gain from Democratic | |||||
| Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | Florence Shapiro | 17,737 | 48.37 | |
| ✓ | Don Kent | 12,742 | 34.74 | |
| Jack Harvard | 6,189 | 16.87 | ||
| Turnout | 36,668 | |||
References
edit- ^ a b c d e "Senator Florence D. Shapiro - Biography". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved 2009-02-26.
- ^ "President Bush Appoints Florence Shapiro to United States Holocaust Memorial Council" (Press release). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 2008-07-01. Archived from the original on 2009-01-14. Retrieved 2009-03-11.
- ^ a b c Silverthorn, Deb (2019-06-14). "Shapiro brings her legacy to The Legacy June 19". Texas Jewish Post. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f Mott, Brit (2016-11-23). "Florence Shapiro: Plano's First Female Mayor". Local Profile. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ a b Gravley, Garrett (2022-07-18). "Plano community profile: Senator Florence Shapiro talks about her passion for education, remembers when Plano had 17,000 people and more". Plano Star Courier. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Sweany, Brian (2005-01-01). "POLITICS: Robin Hood's Worst Nightmare". D Magazine. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ a b c Samuels, Kelsey (2018-03-16). "First woman of Plano: Plano's first woman mayor talks service, women's history". Plano Star Courier. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ "Dallas, Texas". Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities. Institute of Southern Jewish Life. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ Dittrick, Paula (1996-06-03). "Texas judging sex offender notice law". United Press International. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ^ "Texas Association Against Sexual Assault Honors Those Working to End Sexual Violence" (Press release). Texas Association Against Sexual Assault. 2009-03-10. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
- ^ "Senator Florence Shapiro Honored as Legislative Champion by Children's Advocacy Centers of Texas" (Press release). Texas State Senate. 2008-10-29. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06.
- ^ "Bush Visit May Boost Olmert".
- ^ "Texas Holocaust and Genocide Commission established". Jewish Herald-Voice. 2009-08-27. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ^ a b "Florence Shapiro honored as Governor for a day". Texas Senate. 2005-04-09. Archived from the original on 2009-01-07. Retrieved 2009-02-26.
- ^ Nguyen, Kim (2008-07-15). "State Sen. Florence Shapiro announces U.S. Senate Exploratory Committee". McKinney Courier-Gazette. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ Ratcliffe, R.G. (2009-01-30). "U.S. Senate race: Williams likes himself $100,000 worth". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
- ^ Duke, Michael (2009). "Jewish Republicans face difficult decision in upcoming gubernatorial race". Jewish Herald-Voice. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ Hamilton, Reeve (2009-11-13). "KBH won't resign to run". Texas Tribune. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ Catanese, David (2011-01-13). "Hutchison's exit stirs Texas hopefuls". Politico. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ Catanese, David (2011-01-14). "No go for Shapiro". Politico. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ Ramsey, Ross (2010-03-31). "2010: Flo Says No". Texas Tribune. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ a b Jeffers, Gromer (2011-09-19). "Florence Shapiro to retire after long career in Texas Senate". Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on 2013-09-26. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Fikac, Peggy (2012-10-04). "Texas education on brink of a shake-up". Beaumont Enterprise. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ "Plano City Council Chambers renamed in honor of Fmr. Sen. Florence Shapiro". North Dallas Gazette. 2013-02-27. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ "2010 General Election". Office of the Texas Secretary of State. Retrieved 2023-06-15.
- ^ a b c d e f g "1992 - Current Election History". Office of the Texas Secretary of State. Archived from the original on 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2009-02-26.
- ^ Shapiro was the District 2 incumbent prior to the 1994 Senate district redistricting.
External links
edit- "Senator Florence Shapiro". Texas Senate. Archived from the original on 2004-12-12. Retrieved 2004-12-11.
- "Florence Shapiro U.S. Senate Exploratory Committee". Official Campaign Website. Archived from the original on 2009-04-06.
- Profile at Vote Smart
- Follow the Money - Florence Shapiro
- Appearances on C-SPAN