A Franco-Hungarian alliance was formed in October 1528 between King Francis I of France and King John Zápolya of Hungary.[1]
| Foreign alliances of France | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Background
editFrance had already been looking for allies in Central Europe. Its ambassador, Antonio Rincon, was sent on several missions to Poland and Hungary between 1522 and 1525. Since the 1522 Battle of Bicocca, Francis has wanted to ally with King Sigismund I the Old of Poland.[2]
In 1524, a Franco-Polish alliance was signed between Francis and Sigismund,[3] but the agreement fell through after Francis was vanquished by Charles V at the Battle of Pavia in 1525.[2]
Alliance with Hungary
editIn 1526, Francis I again started to look for allies in Central Europe, this time by turning his attention to Hungary.[2] In 1528, John Zápolya was very vulnerable since he had been defeated by Ferdinand of Austria, his rival claimant to the throne of Hungary, at the Battle of Tarcal in August 1527.[1] Besides the French alliance, Zapolya chose to become a vassal to the Ottoman Empire in February 1528 through the negotiations of Jerome Laski.[1][4] Rincon went to Istanbul to bring the document,[5] which triggered the development of relations between France and the Ottoman Empire.[1]
The treaty was signed in France in Fontainebleau and Paris on 23 and 28 October 1528.[6] It was then ratified by Zapolya at Buda on 1 September 1529.[6] In the treaty, Francis promised to help Zapolya financially and through other means. In exchange, Zapolya agreed to continue the fight against Ferdinand of Austria and to provide Hungarian troops to Francis in Italy.[6]
In the Little War in Hungary, France fought side by side with Zápolya and Suleiman the Magnificent against the Habsburgs. A French artillery unit was dispatched to the war in Hungary in 1543–1544 and was attached to the Ottoman Army.[7][8][9]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d Arnold-Baker, Charles (1 January 2001). "The Companion to British History". Routledge. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c Setton, Kenneth M. (1 January 1984). "The Papacy and the Levant, (1204-1571).: The sixteenth century to the reign of Julius III". American Philosophical Society. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ "The Cambridge History of Poland". CUP Archive. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ Setton, Kenneth M. (1 January 1984). "The Papacy and the Levant, (1204-1571).: The sixteenth century to the reign of Julius III". American Philosophical Society. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ Garnier, p.16
- ^ a b c Setton, Kenneth M. (1 January 1984). "The Papacy and the Levant, (1204-1571).: The sixteenth century to the reign of Julius III". American Philosophical Society. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ The Ottoman Empire and early modern Europe by Daniel Goffman, p.111 [1]
- ^ Elgood, Robert (15 November 1995). "Firearms of the Islamic World: In the Tared Rajab Museum, Kuwait". I.B.Tauris. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ Lambton, Ann Katherine Swynford; Lewis, Bernard (1 January 1978). "The Central Islamic Lands from Pre-Islamic Times to the First World War". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 23 December 2016 – via Google Books.
References
edit- Garnier, Edith L'Alliance Impie Editions du Felin, 2008, Paris ISBN 978-2-86645-678-8 Interview
External links
edit
Media related to Franco-Hungarian Alliance in 1528 at Wikimedia Commons
