GRIN1

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN1 gene.

GRIN1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2HQW, 2NR1, 3BYA, 5H8N, 5H8H, 5H8Q, 5H8F, 5I2N, 5I2K, 5KCJ, 5KDT
Identifiers
Aliases	GRIN1, GluN1, MRD8, NMDA1, NMDAR1, NR1, NMD-R1, glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1, NDHMSR, NDHMSD, DEE101
External IDs	OMIM: 138249; MGI: 95819; HomoloGene: 7187; GeneCards: GRIN1; OMA:GRIN1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 9 (human) Band 9q34.3 Start 137,139,154 bp End 137,168,756 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) Band 2 A3|2 17.14 cM Start 25,181,193 bp End 25,209,199 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right hemisphere of cerebellum right frontal lobe anterior cingulate cortex nucleus accumbens prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 putamen amygdala caudate nucleus Brodmann area 10 Top expressed in perirhinal cortex entorhinal cortex primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus CA3 field dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell cerebellar cortex superior colliculus molecular layer of cerebellar cortex primary motor cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function calcium ion binding signaling receptor binding glycine binding calmodulin binding protein binding cation channel activity extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity glutamate binding calcium channel activity NMDA glutamate receptor activity ion channel activity ionotropic glutamate receptor activity neurotransmitter binding transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential amyloid-beta binding glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity signaling receptor activity protein-containing complex binding Cellular component cytoplasm postsynaptic membrane membrane synapse NMDA selective glutamate receptor complex neuron projection synaptic vesicle dendritic spine cell surface endoplasmic reticulum integral component of membrane plasma membrane postsynaptic density integral component of plasma membrane excitatory synapse cell junction dendrite synaptic cleft terminal bouton postsynaptic density membrane synaptic membrane glutamatergic synapse integral component of postsynaptic density membrane Biological process negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process pons maturation synaptic transmission, glutamatergic regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange response to amphetamine regulation of membrane potential regulation of synapse assembly learning positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential response to ethanol calcium ion transport suckling behavior prepulse inhibition male mating behavior regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity adult locomotory behavior regulation of neuron apoptotic process ion transport memory regulation of axonogenesis neuromuscular process ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway excitatory postsynaptic potential learning or memory social behavior regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity associative learning startle response calcium ion homeostasis cation transport cellular calcium ion homeostasis cation transmembrane transport respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system regulation of synaptic plasticity response to morphine propylene metabolic process conditioned taste aversion cerebral cortex development transport sensory perception of pain olfactory learning regulation of cell communication visual learning ephrin receptor signaling pathway MAPK cascade regulation of dendrite morphogenesis ion transmembrane transport long-term memory positive regulation of apoptotic process positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of GTPase activity calcium ion transmembrane transport regulation of ion transmembrane transport brain development positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol calcium-mediated signaling protein heterotetramerization calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol excitatory chemical synaptic transmission positive regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process protein localization to postsynaptic membrane cellular response to amyloid-beta response to glycine positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity regulation of NMDA receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2902 14810 Ensembl ENSG00000176884 ENSMUSG00000026959 UniProt Q05586 P35438 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000832 NM_001185090 NM_001185091 NM_007327 NM_021569 NM_001177656 NM_001177657 NM_008169 NM_001372558 NM_001372559 NM_001372560 NM_001372561 NM_001372562 RefSeq (protein) NP_000823 NP_001172019 NP_001172020 NP_015566 NP_067544 NP_001171127 NP_001171128 NP_032195 NP_001359487 NP_001359488 NP_001359489 NP_001359490 NP_001359491 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 137.14 – 137.17 Mb Chr 2: 25.18 – 25.21 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is a critical subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, members of the glutamate receptor channel superfamily which are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. These subunits play a key role in the plasticity of synapses, which is believed to underlie memory and learning. The gene consists of 21 exons and is alternatively spliced, producing transcript variants differing in the C-terminus. The sequence of exon 5 is identical in vertebrates, with exon 5 splicing demonstrated in human, mouse and rat. Cell-specific factors are thought to control expression of different isoforms, possibly contributing to the functional diversity of the subunits.

See also

• NMDA receptor

Further reading

• Lin JW, Wyszynski M, Madhavan R, Sealock R, Kim JU, Sheng M (March 1998). "Yotiao, a novel protein of neuromuscular junction and brain that interacts with specific splice variants of NMDA receptor subunit NR1". The Journal of Neuroscience. 18 (6): 2017–2027. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-06-02017.1998. PMC 6792910. PMID 9482789.
• Schröder HC, Perovic S, Kavsan V, Ushijima H, Müller WE (1998). "Mechanisms of prionSc- and HIV-1 gp120 induced neuronal cell death". Neurotoxicology. 19 (4–5): 683–688. PMID 9745929.
• Adriani W, Felici A, Sargolini F, Roullet P, Usiello A, Oliverio A, Mele A (November 1998). "N-methyl-D-aspartate and dopamine receptor involvement in the modulation of locomotor activity and memory processes". Experimental Brain Research. 123 (1–2): 52–59. doi:10.1007/s002210050544. PMID 9835392. S2CID 8388670.
• Dingledine R, Borges K, Bowie D, Traynelis SF (March 1999). "The glutamate receptor ion channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 51 (1): 7–61. PMID 10049997.
• King JE, Eugenin EA, Buckner CM, Berman JW (April 2006). "HIV tat and neurotoxicity". Microbes and Infection. 8 (5): 1347–1357. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.11.014. PMID 16697675.
• Zimmer M, Fink TM, Franke Y, Lichter P, Spiess J (July 1995). "Cloning and structure of the gene encoding the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR1)". Gene. 159 (2): 219–223. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00044-7. PMID 7622053.
• Karp SJ, Masu M, Eki T, Ozawa K, Nakanishi S (February 1993). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of the key subunit of the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268 (5): 3728–3733. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53754-6. PMID 7679115.
• Younkin DP, Tang CM, Hardy M, Reddy UR, Shi QY, Pleasure SJ, et al. (March 1993). "Inducible expression of neuronal glutamate receptor channels in the NT2 human cell line". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (6): 2174–2178. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.2174Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.6.2174. PMC 46048. PMID 7681588.
• Planells-Cases R, Sun W, Ferrer-Montiel AV, Montal M (June 1993). "Molecular cloning, functional expression, and pharmacological characterization of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit from human brain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (11): 5057–5061. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.5057P. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.11.5057. PMC 46653. PMID 7685113.
• Magnuson DS, Knudsen BE, Geiger JD, Brownstone RM, Nath A (March 1995). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat activates non-N-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory amino acid receptors and causes neurotoxicity". Annals of Neurology. 37 (3): 373–380. doi:10.1002/ana.410370314. PMID 7695237. S2CID 24405132.
• Foldes RL, Rampersad V, Kamboj RK (September 1994). "Cloning and sequence analysis of additional splice variants encoding human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (hNR1) subunits". Gene. 147 (2): 303–304. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90089-2. PMID 7926821.
• Sheng M, Cummings J, Roldan LA, Jan YN, Jan LY (March 1994). "Changing subunit composition of heteromeric NMDA receptors during development of rat cortex". Nature. 368 (6467): 144–147. Bibcode:1994Natur.368..144S. doi:10.1038/368144a0. PMID 8139656. S2CID 4332025.
• Tingley WG, Roche KW, Thompson AK, Huganir RL (July 1993). "Regulation of NMDA receptor phosphorylation by alternative splicing of the C-terminal domain". Nature. 364 (6432): 70–73. Bibcode:1993Natur.364...70T. doi:10.1038/364070a0. PMID 8316301. S2CID 4322831.
• Foldes RL, Rampersad V, Kamboj RK (September 1993). "Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding human hippocampus N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits: evidence for alternative RNA splicing". Gene. 131 (2): 293–298. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90309-Q. PMID 8406025.
• Collins C, Duff C, Duncan AM, Planells-Cases R, Sun W, Norremolle A, et al. (July 1993). "Mapping of the human NMDA receptor subunit (NMDAR1) and the proposed NMDA receptor glutamate-binding subunit (NMDARA1) to chromosomes 9q34.3 and chromosome 8, respectively". Genomics. 17 (1): 237–239. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1311. PMID 8406459.
• Lannuzel A, Lledo PM, Lamghitnia HO, Vincent JD, Tardieu M (November 1995). "HIV-1 envelope proteins gp120 and gp160 potentiate NMDA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, alter [Ca2+]i homeostasis and induce neurotoxicity in human embryonic neurons". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 7 (11): 2285–2293. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb00649.x. PMID 8563977. S2CID 27201873.
• Corasaniti MT, Melino G, Navarra M, Garaci E, Finazzi-Agrò A, Nisticò G (September 1995). "Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase". Neurodegeneration. 4 (3): 315–321. doi:10.1016/1055-8330(95)90021-7. PMID 8581564.
• Ehlers MD, Zhang S, Bernhadt JP, Huganir RL (March 1996). "Inactivation of NMDA receptors by direct interaction of calmodulin with the NR1 subunit". Cell. 84 (5): 745–755. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81052-1. PMID 8625412. S2CID 1376853.
• Pittaluga A, Pattarini R, Severi P, Raiteri M (May 1996). "Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein gp120". AIDS. 10 (5): 463–468. doi:10.1097/00002030-199605000-00003. PMID 8724036. S2CID 1669986.