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Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano (born 11 May 1955) is an Italian quantum physicist. He is a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Pavia, where he is the leader of the QUIT (Quantum Information Theory) group.[1][2] He is a member of the Center of Photonic Communication and Computing at Northwestern University;[3] a member of the Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere; and a member of the Foundational Questions Institute (FQXi).[4]

Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano
Born
Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

(1955-05-11)May 11, 1955
Alessandria, Italy
Scientific career
FieldsTheoretical physics
InstitutionsUniversity of Pavia
Northwestern University
Academic advisorsFerdinando Borsa

His primary areas of research are Quantum information theory, the mathematical structure of quantum theory, and foundational problems of contemporary physics.[5] As one of the pioneers of Quantum Information Theory, he has made major contributions to the informational-theoretical derivation of Quantum Theory.[6]

Early life and career

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D'Ariano was born on 11 May 1955. He got Laurea cum laude in Physics in 1978 from Pavia University. In 1978, he started a research fellowship in Polymer Science at Politecnico di Milano and in 1979, a research fellowship at Pavia University. In 1984, he was appointed as research assistant at the University of Pavia and as a result of national competitions he became associate professor in 1992 and full professor in 2000.[7]

At the time of his appointment, there were no PhD schools in Italy[8] and D'Ariano became one of the first PhD supervisors in the country. He founded the Quantum Information Theory Group (QUIT) in 2000 and took on the role of the group leader. In the same year, he was also selected as a member of the Photonic Communication and Computing at Northwestern University.[3]

Scientific contributions

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Quantum information

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D'Ariano and his collaborators introduced the first exact algorithm for quantum homodyne tomography of states,[9] and they subsequently generalized the technique used to do to a universal method of quantum measurement.[10] D'Ariano then developed the first experimental scheme—now called "ancilla-assisted tomography"—that made the characterization of quantum channels, operations, and measuring apparatuses feasible to be actually done in the laboratory, by exploiting a single entangled input state.[11]

D'Ariano proposed quantum entanglement as a tool for improving the precision of quantum measurement,[12] an idea that, parallel to works of other authors, suggested the new field of Quantum metrology. He has also introduced several new types of measurement. With his team, he solved a number of long-standing problems of quantum information theory, such as the optimal broadcasting of mixed states;[13] the optimal phase-estimation for mixed states,[14] and the optimal protocols for phase cloning.[15]

D'Ariano and collaborators introduced the concept of "quantum comb",[16] which generalizes that of "quantum operation", and has a wide range of applications in optimization of quantum measurements, communication, algorithms, and protocols. He and his group subsequently used quantum combs to find the optimal apparatuses for Quantum tomography.[17] The quantum-comb framework also enabled a new understanding of causality in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. This understanding had a wide and diverse impact in several areas of research, beginning with the study of quantum causal interference and causal-discovery algorithms, used in recent attempts, along quantum informational lines, at reconciling quantum theory and general relativity, one of the great outstanding problems of fundamental physics.[18]

Quantum foundations

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D'Ariano has played a major role in making quantum information theory a new paradigm for the foundations of quantum theory and fundamental physics in general. In 2010, he proposed a set of information-theoretical postulates for a rigorous derivation of (finite-dimensional) Quantum Theory,[19] a derivation subsequently achieved in his collaboration with Giulio Chiribella and Paolo Perinotti.[20] This project also led to a new way of understanding, working with, and developing quantum theory, presented in a comprehensive textbook entitled Quantum Theory from First Principles.[21]

In the mid 2010s, D'Ariano extended this program to a derivation of Quantum Field Theory from informational-theoretical postulates, which enabled him and his team to derive the complete free Quantum field theory.[22] In an article in New Scientist, Lucien Hardy wrote that "their work and their approach is extraordinary", and Časlav Brukner wrote that he was "impressed" by their work writing that "there's something deep about quantum mechanics in this work".[23]

A historical perspective, from Dirac's discovery of quantum electrodynamics to the present time, on this work was given by Arkady Plotnitsky in The Principles of Quantum Theory, From Planck's Quanta to the Higgs Boson.[24] A book by Oliver Darrigol offers an extensive commentary on D'Ariano and co-workers' derivation of Quantum Mechanics, especially emphasizing how it overcomes certain ad hoc assumptions of previous derivations.[25]

On the formulation of quantum theory based on information principles, physicist Federico Faggin based his theory on the nature of consciousness.[26]

Honors and awards

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Giacomo Mauro D’Ariano is a Fellow of the Optical Society of America and of the American Physical Society. He won the third prize for the FQXi essay world competitions of 2011,[27] 2012[28] and 2013.[29] His paper on the informational derivation of quantum theory[20] has been selected for an APS Viewpoint.[30] In 2022 he won, together with Mikhail Lukin (Harvard University) and Andreas Winter (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) the International Quantum Award.[31]

Publications

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  • D'Ariano, G; Montorsi, A; Rasetti, M (1985). Integrable Systems in Statistical Mechanics. Vol. 1. Bibcode:1985issm.book.....D. doi:10.1142/0142. ISBN 978-9971-978-11-2. ISSN 2010-1996. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  • Kumar, P.; D’Ariano, G. M.; Hirota, O., eds. (2002). Quantum Communication, Computing, and Measurement 2. Bibcode:2002qcca.book.....K. doi:10.1007/b114679. ISBN 978-0-306-46307-5.
  • D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; Tosini, Alessandro (2010). "Space-time and special relativity from causal networks". arXiv:1008.4805 [gr-qc].
  • Chiribella, G.; D'Ariano, G. M.; Perinotti, P.; Valiron, B. (14 August 2013). "Quantum computations without definite causal structure". Physical Review A. 88 (2): 022318. arXiv:0912.0195. Bibcode:2013PhRvA..88b2318C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.88.022318. ISSN 1050-2947. S2CID 119206411.
  • D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; Chiribella, Giulio; Perinotti, Paolo (2017). Quantum Theory from First Principles: An Informational Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-04342-8.

References

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  1. ^ "QUIT".
  2. ^ "Il teletrasporto passa dalla fisica quantistica". 28 April 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Center for Photonic Communication and Computing".
  4. ^ "Curriculum vitae of GM D'Ariano".
  5. ^ "Physicists Want To Rebuild Quantum Theory From Scratch". Wired. 2 September 2017.
  6. ^ d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro (2017). "Physics Without Physics: The Power of Information-theoretical Principles". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 56 (1): 97–128. arXiv:1701.06309. Bibcode:2017IJTP...56...97D. doi:10.1007/s10773-016-3172-y. S2CID 119338397.
  7. ^ "Biographical Sketch: Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano".
  8. ^ "PhD Programs in Italy".
  9. ^ d'Ariano, G. M.; MacChiavello, C.; Paris, M. G. A. (1994). "Detection of the density matrix through optical homodyne tomography without filtered back projection". Physical Review A. 50 (5): 4298–4302. Bibcode:1994PhRvA..50.4298D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.50.4298. PMID 9911405.
  10. ^ Hayashi, Masahito (2005). Asymptotic Theory of Quantum Statistical Inference. doi:10.1142/5630. ISBN 978-981-256-015-5.
  11. ^ d'Ariano, G. M.; Lo Presti, P. (2001). "Quantum tomography for measuring experimentally the matrix elements of an arbitrary quantum operation". Physical Review Letters. 86 (19): 4195–8. arXiv:quant-ph/0012071. Bibcode:2001PhRvL..86.4195D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.4195. PMID 11328133. S2CID 119075753.
  12. ^ d'Ariano, G. Mauro; Lo Presti, Paoloplacido; Paris, Matteo G. A. (2001). "Using Entanglement Improves the Precision of Quantum Measurements". Physical Review Letters. 87 (27): 270404. arXiv:quant-ph/0109040. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.270404. PMID 11800863. S2CID 11199855.
  13. ^ d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; MacChiavello, Chiara; Perinotti, Paolo (2005). "Superbroadcasting of Mixed States". Physical Review Letters. 95 (6): 060503. arXiv:quant-ph/0506251. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95f0503D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.060503. PMID 16090933. S2CID 2978617.
  14. ^ d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; MacChiavello, Chiara; Perinotti, Paolo (2005). "Optimal phase estimation for qubits in mixed states". Physical Review A. 72 (4): 042327. arXiv:quant-ph/0411133. Bibcode:2005PhRvA..72d2327D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.72.042327. S2CID 117753018.
  15. ^ d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; MacChiavello, Chiara (2003). "Optimal phase-covariant cloning for qubits and qutrits". Physical Review A. 67 (4): 042306. arXiv:quant-ph/0301175. Bibcode:2003PhRvA..67d2306D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.67.042306. S2CID 119490312.
  16. ^ Chiribella, G.; d'Ariano, G. M.; Perinotti, P. (2008). "Quantum Circuit Architecture". Physical Review Letters. 101 (6): 060401. arXiv:0712.1325. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.101f0401C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.060401. PMID 18764438. S2CID 16160309.
  17. ^ Bisio, A.; Chiribella, G.; d'Ariano, G. M.; Facchini, S.; Perinotti, P. (2009). "Optimal Quantum Tomography of States, Measurements, and Transformations". Physical Review Letters. 102 (1): 010404. arXiv:0806.1172. Bibcode:2009PhRvL.102a0404B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.010404. PMID 19257173. S2CID 31954030.
  18. ^ Brukner, Časlav (2014). "Quantum causality". Nature Physics. 10 (4): 259–263. Bibcode:2014NatPh..10..259B. doi:10.1038/nphys2930. S2CID 236500884.
  19. ^ "Philosophy of Quantum Information and Entanglement".
  20. ^ a b Chiribella, Giulio; d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; Perinotti, Paolo (2011). "Informational derivation of quantum theory". Physical Review A. 84 (1): 012311. arXiv:1011.6451. Bibcode:2011PhRvA..84a2311C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.84.012311. S2CID 15364117.
  21. ^ "Review: Quantum Theory from First Principles". 12 July 2017. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  22. ^ d'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro; Perinotti, Paolo (2014). "Derivation of the Dirac equation from principles of information processing". Physical Review A. 90 (6): 062106. arXiv:1306.1934. Bibcode:2014PhRvA..90f2106D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.90.062106. S2CID 118385875.
  23. ^ "Quantum purity".
  24. ^ The Principles of Quantum Theory, From Planck's Quanta to the Higgs Boson. Springer. 2016. ISBN 9783319320663.
  25. ^ Physics and Necessity. Oxford University Press. 22 May 2014. ISBN 9780198712886.
  26. ^ "Federico Faggin. Irriducibile - Filosofia". Rai Cultura (in Italian). Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  27. ^ "A Quantum-Digital Universe".
  28. ^ "Quantum-informational Principles for Physics".
  29. ^ "It From Qubit".
  30. ^ Brukner, Časlav (11 July 2011). "Viewpoint: Questioning the rules of the game". Physics. 4: 55. doi:10.1103/Physics.4.55.
  31. ^ "Winners of the International Quantum Award 2022".
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