Haemulinae is a subfamily of the Haemulidae and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread.[2] The subfamily is distinguished from the Plectorhynchinae by having a short dorsal fin which contains 13-16 soft rays, as opposed to the long dorsal fin with 17-26 soft rays of the subfamily Plectorhynchinae.[3]
| Haemulinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Xenocys jessiae, Coiba National Park, Panama | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Haemulidae |
| Subfamily: | Haemulinae Gill, 1885[1] |
| Genera | |
|
See text | |
Genera
editThe following genera are included in the Haemulinae:[4][5]
- Anisotremus Gill 1861
- Boridia Cuvier, 1830
- Brachydeuterus Gill, 1862
- Conodon Cuvier, 1830
- Emmelichthyops Schultz, 1945
- Haemulon Cuvier, 1829
- Haemulopsis Steindachner, 1869
- Isacia Jordan & Fesler, 1893
- Microlepidotus Gill, 1862
- Orthopristis Girard, 1858
- Parakuhlia Pellegrin, 1913
- Pomadasys Lacépède, 1802
- Xenichthys Gill, 1862
- Xenistius Jordan & Gilbert, 1883
- Xenocys Jordan & Bollman, 1890
The genus Brachygenys is recognised by some authorities as Haemulon was determined to be paraphyletic in molecular studies which showed Haemulon chrysargyreum clustered with Xenistius californianus. The genus also includes the other species in Xenistius and Xenocys.[2] Similarly, these studies also resolved Pomadasys as paraphyletic and the genera Rhencus and Rhonciscus were revived to solve this paraphyly, with the eastern Pacific species P. macracanthus and P. panamensis being placed in Rhencus while Rhonciscus contains the eastern Pacific species P. bayanus and the western Atlantic species P. crocro.[6] These changes are recognised by Catalog of Fishes[5] but not yet by Fishbase.[7] In addition, according to these studies, Anisotremus moricandi makes Anisotremus paraphyletic if included and has been placed in the monotypic genus Paranisotremus.[8]
Catalog of Fishes lists the following genera as valid within the Haemulinae:[5]
- Anisotremus Gill 1861
- Boridia Cuvier, 1830
- Brachydeuterus Gill, 1862
- Brachygenys Poey, 1868
- Conodon Cuvier, 1830
- Emmelichthyops Schultz, 1945
- Haemulon Cuvier, 1829
- Haemulopsis Steindachner, 1869
- Isacia Jordan & Fesler, 1893
- Microlepidotus Gill, 1862
- Orthopristis Girard, 1858
- Parakuhlia Pellegrin, 1913
- Paranisotremus Tavera, Acero & Wainwright, 2018
- Pomadasys Lacépède, 1802
- Rhencus Jordan & Evermann, 1896
- Rhonciscus Jordan & Evermann, 1896
- Xenichthys Gill, 1862
Other authorities place the genus Genyatremus within the Haemulinae,[6] although both Fishbase and Catalog of Fishes put this genus in the other Haemulid subfamily Plectorhinchinae.[7][5]
References
edit- ^ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
- ^ a b José Julián Tavera; P. Arturo Acero; Eduardo F Balart; Giacomo Bernardi (2012). "Molecular phylogeny of grunts (Teleostei, Haemulidae), with an emphasis on the ecology, evolution, and speciation history of New World species". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (57): 57. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-57. PMC 3472276. PMID 22537107.
- ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 457. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
- ^ Nicolas Bailly (2015). "Haemulinae Gill, 1885". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
- ^ a b c d Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Haemulidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
- ^ a b Paolo Parenti (2019). "An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Haemulidae (Teleostei: Perciformes)". Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. 6 (3): 150–196.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Haemulidae". FishBase. December 2021 version.
- ^ Jose Tavera; Arturo Acero P.; Peter C. Wainwright (2018). "Multilocus phylogeny, divergence times, and a major role for the benthic-to- pelagic axis in the diversification of grunts (Haemulidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 121: 212–223. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.032.