Jagersfontein is a small town in the Free State province of South Africa.
Jagersfontein | |
|---|---|
  Jagersfontein  Jagersfontein | |
| Coordinates: 29°45′43″S 25°25′36″E / 29.76194°S 25.42667°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Free State |
| District | Xhariep |
| Municipality | Kopanong |
| Established | 1852[1] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Mayor | xolani stalin-tseletsele[2] (ANC) |
| Area | |
• Total | 45.5 km2 (17.6 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
• Total | 5,729 |
| • Density | 130/km2 (330/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| • Black African | 80.9% |
| • Coloured | 12.5% |
| • Indian/Asian | 0.5% |
| • White | 5.6% |
| • Other | 0.5% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| • Sotho | 51.8% |
| • Afrikaans | 25.3% |
| • Xhosa | 11.2% |
| • Tswana | 6.5% |
| • Other | 5.2% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Postal code (street) | 9974 |
| PO box | 9974 |
| Area code | 051 |
Origin
editThe original farm on which the town stands was once the property of a Griqua Jacobus Jagers, hence the name Jagersfontein. He sold the farm to C.F. Visser in 1854.
Mining
editDiamond rush
editA diamond rush started in 1870 after farmer J.J. de Klerk found a 50 carat (10 g) diamond. This was about three years before diamonds were discovered 130 km away at Kimberley.
Jagersfontein is known for many great finds, such as:
- the 972 carat (194.4 g) Excelsior Diamond of 1893 and
- the 637 carat (127.4 g) Reitz Diamond of 1895.
Jagersfontein Mine
editJagersfontein Mine together with the Koffiefontein mine produced some of the clearest diamonds of all mines in the early 1900s, despite being overshadowed by the mines at Kimberley. Streeter called Jagersfontein's diamonds of the "first water".[4]
The Reitz diamond was first named after Francis William Reitz, then state president of the Orange Free State in which Jagersfontein is located. The following year marked the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria (the 60th anniversary of her coronation) so the gem was renamed the Jubilee Diamond to commemorate the occasion.[5]
Main Pit Operations
editThe Jagersfontein Mine is currently the deepest hand-excavated hole in the world.
For the duration of the mine's operational history, it was run by De Beers up to 1972, when it was deproclaimed. De Beers did however retain prospecting rights on the property until 2002.
Stockpile Dumps Reprocessing
editA court case, De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd, in December 2007,related to historic stockpile dumps were found not subject to the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act. All standard National Environmental Management Act processes however still applied.[6][7][8][9][10]
Limited Reprocessing operations at the mine was eventually started in September 2010 by a company named Son Op before it changed its name to Jagersfontein Development. Reinet Investments of Luxembourg became involved around 2011, but eventually sold out to Stargems Group around early 2022.[11]
Tailings dam collapse
editAt around 6am on Sunday 11 September 2022, parts of a tailings dam collapsed on the outskirts of Jagersfontein.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
Urban electrification
editJagersfontein was the second town in South Africa and the first town in the Orange Free State to have electricity and piped water.[21]
In the early years, water used to be supplied with a unique system of coin-operated water pumps, using so-called Water Pennies,[22] situated on street corners.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Robson, Linda Gillian (2011). "Annexure A" (PDF). The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact (PhD thesis). University of Pretoria. pp. xlv–lii. hdl:2263/26503.
- ^ Free State Tourism.org Archived 2014-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d Sum of the Main Places Jagersfontein and Itumeleng from Census 2011.
- ^ Streeter, Edwin (1898). Precious Stones and Gems - Their History, Sources and Characteristics. George Bell & Sons. p. 105.
- ^ The Jubilee Diamond
- ^ "De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and Others (3215/06) [2007] ZAFSHC 74 (13 December 2007)".
- ^ "De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and others". 12 December 2007.
- ^ "The Unregulated Terrain of Historic Mine Dumps in South Africa". 8 July 2020.
- ^ "Engineering News - 'Historic dumps' do not appear to be MPRDA regulated – law firm".
- ^ Badenhorst, P. J.; Van, Heerden C. N. (January 2010). "Status of tailings dumps : Let's go working in the past?". Stellenbosch Law Review. 21 (1): 116–131.
- ^ IOL: Free State town forgotten in history
- ^ "Three dead after dam wall collapse wreaks havoc in Jagersfontein".
- ^ Dludla, Nqobile (11 September 2022). "South Africa mine dam wall collapses, killing 1 and injuring 40". Reuters.
- ^ "Mining company says deadly dam wall collapse will be investigated".
- ^ "Jagersfontein disaster: Dubai-based owner says survey showed dam was 'safe, secure'".
- ^ "Owners of Jagersfontein mine dam were warned to stabilise wall - FS govt".
- ^ "Tailings dam in South Africa collapses - several dead". 11 September 2022.
- ^ "JAGERSFONTEIN DISASTER: Owners of Free State diamond mine 'were warned to cease operations two years ago'". 12 September 2022.
- ^ "Jagersfontein Developments: Operations at mine were above aboard".
- ^ "JAGERSFONTEIN DISASTER : Mantashe says 'dangerous' high court judgment crippled his department's jurisdiction over all tailings dams". 13 September 2022.
- ^ OpenAfrica.com [permanent dead link]
- ^ Some rare South African tokens from the Nomansland region