Kipunada (Brahmi script: 
Ki-pu-ṇa-dha), also Kipanadha, was probably the last ruler of the Kushan Empire around 335-350 CE.[2] He is known for his gold coinage.[3] He succeeded Shaka I. Kipunada was probably only a local ruler in the area of Taxila, in western Punjab, and he may have been a subject of Gupta Emperor Samudragupta.[4]
| Kipunada | |
|---|---|
| Kushan Ruler | |
 Coin of Kipunada. Circa 335-350 CE. Obverse: Kipunada standing left, sacrificing over altar. To the right, name vertically in Brahmi script in monogrammic form: Ki-pu-ṇa .Under the ruler's arm: Bacharnatha      .Reverse: Ardoxsho enthroned facing, holding investiture garland and cornucopia.[1] | |
| Reign | 335-350 CE[2] |
| Coronation | 335 CE |
| Predecessor | Shaka I |
| Successor | Kidarites |
| Born | 297 CE |
| Burial | 350 CE |
Gupta and Kidarite successors
editThe coins of Kipunada in Central and Western Punjab were followed by peculiar coins minted locally in Punjab, with the name "Samudra" on them (Gupta script:
), presumably connected to the Gupta Empire ruler Samudragupta.[5][6] Soon after this, coinage was issued in Punjab by Kidarite Hun rulers known as Kirada, Peroz and then the famous Kidara, who occupied the territory formerly held by the Kushans.[5][6][7]
-
![Local coin minted in the Punjab area with the name "Samudra" ( Sa-mu-dra, under the king's left arm), presumably Samudragupta, immediately followed those of Kipunada.[6][5]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Samudra_Gandhara_coin%2C_Punjabi_mint_Circa_CE_350-375.jpg/199px-Samudra_Gandhara_coin%2C_Punjabi_mint_Circa_CE_350-375.jpg)
Local coin minted in the Punjab area with the name "Samudra" (
Sa-mu-dra, under the king's left arm), presumably Samudragupta, immediately followed those of Kipunada.[6][5] -
![The next coins were those of Kidarite Hun kings, starting with Kirada ( Ki-ra-da under the king's left arm), who ruled circa 350 CE.[6][5]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/HUNNIC_TRIBES%2C_Kidarites_Kirada_Circa_340-345.jpg/196px-HUNNIC_TRIBES%2C_Kidarites_Kirada_Circa_340-345.jpg)
![Local coin minted in the Punjab area with the name "Samudra" ( Sa-mu-dra, under the king's left arm), presumably Samudragupta, immediately followed those of Kipunada.[6][5]](/wiki/File:Samudra_Gandhara_coin,_Punjabi_mint_Circa_CE_350-375.jpg)
![The next coins were those of Kidarite Hun kings, starting with Kirada ( Ki-ra-da under the king's left arm), who ruled circa 350 CE.[6][5]](/wiki/File:HUNNIC_TRIBES,_Kidarites_Kirada_Circa_340-345.jpg)
Notes
edit- ^ CNG Coins
- ^ a b c Cribb, Joe; Donovan, Peter (2014). Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, and Kidarite Coins A Catalogue of Coins From the American Numismatic Society by David Jongeward and Joe Cribb with Peter Donovan. p. 4.
- ^ Heritage World Coin Auctions Long Beach Signature Auction Catalog #378. Ivy Press. May 2005. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-932899-79-5.
- ^ Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). From the Kushans to the Western Turks. p. 203.
- ^ a b c d Cribb, Joe. "The Kidarites, the numismatic evidence.pdf". Coins, Art and Chronology II, Edited by M. Alram et Al.: 101.
- ^ a b c d "In the Punjab the stylistic progression of the gold series from Kushan to Kidarite is clear: imitation staters were issued first in the name of Samudragupta, then by Kirada, 'Peroz' and finally Kidara" in Errington, Elizabeth; Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh (2007). From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. British Museum Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-7141-1165-0.
- ^ Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-4744-0030-5.
External links
edit
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