Matthew Brady (1799 – 4 May 1826) was an English-born convict who became a bushranger in Van Diemen's Land (modern-day Tasmania). He was sometimes known as "Gentleman Brady" due to his good treatment and fine manners when robbing his victims.[1][2][3]
Matthew Brady | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 1799 Manchester, England |
| Died | 4 May 1826 |
| Conviction(s) | Murder |
| Criminal penalty | Hanged |
Early life
editBrady, whose proper name was Bready, was born in Manchester[4] at just about the close of 18th century. His occupation in England was that of a gentleman's servant, probably a groom, as he was an excellent and even a graceful rider, and perfect in his horsemanship.[citation needed]
Convict years
editBrady was convicted of stealing a basket, some butter, bacon, sugar, and rice, and tried at Lancaster on 17 April 1820. He received a seven-year sentence of transportation, arriving in Australia in the convict ship Juliana on 29 December 1820.[5]
He rebelled against the conditions in Sydney and received, over time, a total of 350 lashes in punishment for misdemeanours and attempts to escape.[4] In 1823, he was sent to the new penal settlement at Sarah Island in Macquarie Harbor, which had been established 'for secondary offenders and desperate prisoners'.[4]
On 7 June 1824, Brady was part of a group of fifteen escapees from Sarah Island who sailed a whaleboat around the south coast to the River Derwent and spent the next two years as bushrangers.[4]
Bushranging
editBrady was considered a gentleman who rarely robbed or insulted women. The military considered him a dangerous bushranger after Brady's gang held up the township of Sorell and captured the local garrison (in which the garrison commander, Lieut. William Gunn was shot in the arm, which was subsequently amputated). On 14 April 1825 Lieut. Governor George Arthur posted rewards for the capture of Brady and his gang of 25 pounds sterling and a conditional pardon.[citation needed]
In return, Brady posted his own reward stating:[6]
It has caused Matthew Brady much concern that such a person known as Sir George Arthur is at large. Twenty gallons of rum will be given to any person that will deliver his person unto me. I also caution John Priest that I will hang him for his ill-treatment of Mrs. Blackwell at Newtown.
— 'M. BRADY.'
In November 1825, a description of the Brady's gang of bushrangers was published, provided by Mr. R. Denne, overseer for Silas Gatehouse near Grindstone Bay (100 kilometres (60 mi) north-east of Hobart). Denne had spent six days in the custody of the gang. He described his captors as having no fixed leader, "though the opinions of Brady or Dunne are generally listened to", adding that "they frequently debate and quarrel for hours together, about their future proceedings". Denne provided the following descriptions of the gang members:
- Brady, called 'Mat' by his comrades, was described as being "stout, square-built", and slightly marked with smallpox.
- Dunne was taller, "with red whiskers, and pock-pitted".
- Bird was dark, tall and athletic, with "the appearance of a gipsy"; he had lost part of one of his fingers.
- McKenney was shorter, stouter, and "fresh complexioned".
- Brown was described as being deaf.
- Murphy was a "little man", with "a piece of gold lace, with a precious stone, round his cap".
- Cody was "subject, at times, to dreadful stings of conscience".
- Bryan (no description beyond his name).[7][8]
On 4 March 1826, Brady and his gang of fourteen attacked Mr. Dry's homestead at night. It was a new moon so the night was particularly dark. A servant managed to run to town and call alarm. A posse of troopers responded and a gunfight ensued. No one was killed and the bushrangers slipped away into the night. Three days later, Brady rode to Tom Kenton's farm and shot him dead.[9] It was a payback for Kenton setting a trap on Brady. Brady was briefly captured but managed to escape and swore revenge. Days later Brady and his gang captured a boat, intending to sail it to the Australian mainland. Due to bad weather crossing Bass Strait, they were forced to turn back.
Capture
editAfter the sailing fiasco, one of Brady's gang members, an ex-convict name Cowan, betrayed him for a pardon. On 28 March 1826, in consequence of private information, Lieutenant Williams of the 57th Regiment with 14 soldiers and four armed prisoners made contact with Brady's gang south of Launceston. Both parties fired, and during the ensuing gun battle Brady was wounded in the leg. The bushrangers separated as they fled. Two stragglers were caught by local farmers.
Brady and four others made it as far as Watery Plains (24 kilometres (15 mi) south-east of Launceston). On the Saturday night (1 April), a campfire was spotted and John Batman and party went to investigate. The outlaws all fled into the bush, abandoning their fire. Batman and his crew stayed near the campfire. During the night Batman heard a noise and went out to investigate. He saw a man limping in the bush near a shallow creek and hastened towards him; it was Brady. Batman induced Brady to surrender and return with him. The outlaw was ill and suffering much pain and did as he was asked.
On Sunday morning, Batman delivered Brady to the Launceston gaol. News quickly spread that Brady was caught and the townsfolk turned out to see the captured felon pass by on horseback.
Sentencing
editOn Thursday 27 April 1826, Brady and Patrick Bryant pleaded guilty to the murder with malice of Thomas Kenton. The same two also pleaded guilty of stealing four horses from Mr. Lawrence.[10]
Brady was duly sentenced to death.[11]
Death
editBrady was hanged on 4 May 1826, at the old Hobart gaol. Four other bushrangers were hanged with him: Patrick Bryant, John Perry, John Thompson, and Thomas Jeffrey. Brady complained bitterly at being hanged alongside Jeffrey, who, as Brady pointed out, was an informer as well as a cannibal and mass murderer. There were multiple unsuccessful petitions to halt his execution, and his cell was filled with wine, fruit, cakes, confectionary, and flowers from the ladies of Hobart Town.[2]
The Herald wrote of his death:[2]
There was a hush, broken only by stifled sobs, as the bushranger knelt to receive the last consolations of his faith. Then, standing erect, he bade adieu to the multitude and died more like a martyr than a convicted felon.
Legacy
editOne of his hideouts is now known as Brady's Lookout and is a popular picnic area with views over the Tamar River.[12] There is also another of his hide outs at Notley Hills Gorge, with a lovely bush walk, and an information board about Brady.
His life was dramatised on radio in "The Capture of Sorrell Gaol", an episode of Thereby Hangs a Tale in 1950.[13]
In 1955 he was the subject of a radio feature Matt Brady, Bushranger: The Adventures of a Gay Rogue.[14]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ ""GENTLEMAN BRADY"". The Queensland Times. National Library of Australia. 26 February 1932. p. 5 Edition: DAILY. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ a b c Bill Beatty (17 April 1954). "HERALD MAGAZINE SECTION". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. p. 9. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ "THE AUSTRALIAN-BOOKMAN". The Daily News. Perth: National Library of Australia. 27 August 1932. p. 14 Edition: FINAL SPORTING EDITION. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ a b c d Robson, L.L. (1966). "Brady, Matthew (1799–1826)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
- ^ "TASMANIAN HISTORY". The Mercury. Hobart, Tas.: National Library of Australia. 16 August 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ J.H.M Abbott (2 December 1934). "FLOGGED MAN WHO ASKED GIRL FOR KISS: Matthew Brady Ruled Gang With An Iron Hand". Truth (Brisbane newspaper). p. 38.
- ^ The Bushrangers, Hobart Town Gazette, 26 November 1825, page 2.
- ^ The Bushrangers, Colonial Times and Tasmanian Advertiser, 25 November 1825, page 3.
- ^ "The Bush-Rangers". Colonial Times and Tasmanian Advertiser (Hobart, Tas. : 1825 - 1827). 10 March 1826. p. 2.
- ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Hobart Town Gazette (Tas. : 1825 - 1833). 29 April 1826. p. 2.
- ^ "LIFE OF BUSHRANGER POWER". Western Mail. National Library of Australia. 12 February 1910. p. 43. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ "Bradys Lookout". Discover Tasmania. 27 April 2022.
- ^ "Winner of Macquarie Award made brilliant comeback". The Sun. No. 12, 490. New South Wales, Australia. 7 February 1950. p. 16 (LATE FINAL EXTRA). Retrieved 12 February 2024 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Features of the Week", ABC Weekly, Sydney: ABC, 7 May 1955, retrieved 12 February 2024 – via Trove
- Tom Prior, Bill Wannan, and Harry Nunn (1968). A Pictorial History of Bushrangers. Melbourne: Paul Hamlyn.
External links
edit- Sketch of Matthew Brady at LINC Tasmania