Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species.[3][4] Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
| Melastomataceae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Pleroma semidecandrum, syn. Tibouchina semidecandra, at Strybing Arboretum, San Francisco | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Melastomataceae Juss.[2] |
| Type genus | |
| Melastoma | |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
Description
editThe leaves of melastomes are somewhat distinctive, being opposite, decussate, and usually with 3-7 longitudinal veins arising either from the base of the blade, plinerved (inner veins diverging above base of blade), or pinnately nerved with three or more pairs of primary veins diverging from the mid-vein at successive points above the base.
Flowers are perfect, and borne either singly or in terminal or axillary, paniculate cymes.
Ecology
editA number of melastomes are regarded as invasive species once naturalized in tropical and subtropical environments outside their normal range. Examples are Koster's curse (Clidemia hirta), Pleroma semidecandrum and Miconia calvescens, but many other species are involved.
Taxonomy
editUnder the APG III system of classification, the seven genera from Memecylaceae are now included in this family.[2]
Genera
editThere are some 167 accepted genera in the Melastomataceae family as of October 2023. They are:[5]
- Acanthella Hook.f.
- Aciotis D.Don
- Acisanthera P.Browne
- Adelobotrys DC.
- Allomaieta Gleason
- Alloneuron Pilg.
- Almedanthus Ver.-Lib. & R.D.Stone
- Amphiblemma Naudin
- Amphorocalyx Baker
- Anaheterotis Ver.-Lib. & G.Kadereit
- Andesanthus P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang.
- Anerincleistus Korth.
- Antherotoma (Naudin) Hook.f.
- Appendicularia DC.
- Argyrella Naudin
- Arthrostemma Pav. ex D.Don
- Aschistanthera C.Hansen
- Astrocalyx Merr.
- Astronia Blume
- Astronidium A.Gray
- Axinaea Ruiz & Pav.
- Bamlera K.Schum. & Lauterb.
- Barthea Hook.f.
- Beccarianthus Cogn.
- Bellucia Neck. ex Raf.
- Benna Burgt & Ver.-Lib.
- Bertolonia Raddi
- Bisglaziovia Cogn.
- Blakea P.Browne
- Blastus Lour.
- Boerlagea Cogn.
- Bourdaria A.Chev.
- Boyania Wurdack
- Brachyotum (DC.) Triana
- Brasilianthus Almeda & Michelang.
- Bredia Blume
- Bucquetia DC.
- Cailliella Jacq.-Fél.
- Calvoa Hook.f.
- Cambessedesia DC.
- Castratella Naudin
- Catanthera F.Muell.
- Centradenia G.Don
- Centradeniastrum Cogn.
- Centronia D.Don
- Chaetogastra DC.
- Chaetolepis (DC.) Miq.
- Chalybea Naudin
- Cincinnobotrys Gilg
- Comolia DC.
- Comoliopsis Wurdack
- Creochiton Blume
- Cyphotheca Diels
- Dalenia Korth.
- Derosiphia Raf.
- Desmoscelis Naudin
- Dicellandra Hook.f.
- Dichaetanthera Endl.
- Dinophora Benth.
- Dionycha Naudin
- Dionychastrum A.Fern. & R.Fern.
- Dissochaeta Blume
- Dissotidendron (A.Fern. & R.Fern.) Ver.-Lib. & G.Kadereit
- Dissotis Benth.
- Driessenia Korth.
- Dupineta Raf.
- Eleotis Ver.-Lib. & R.D.Stone
- Eriocnema Naudin
- Ernestia Naudin
- Feliciadamia Bullock
- Feliciotis Ver.-Lib. & G.Kadereit
- Fordiophyton Stapf
- Fritzschia Cham.
- Graffenrieda DC.
- Gravesia Naudin
- Guyonia Naudin
- Henriettea DC.
- Heteroblemma (Blume) Cámara-Leret, Ridd.-Num. & Veldkamp
- Heterocentron Hook. & Arn.
- Heterotis Benth.
- Huberia DC.
- Kendrickia Hook.f.
- Kerriothyrsus C.Hansen
- Kirkbridea Wurdack
- Lijndenia Zoll. & Moritzi
- Lithobium Bong.
- Loricalepis Brade
- Macairea DC.
- Macrocentrum Hook.f.
- Macrolenes Naudin
- Maguireanthus Wurdack
- Mallophyton Wurdack
- Marcetia DC.
- Medinilla Gaudich. ex DC.
- Melastoma L.
- †Melastomites[6]
- Melastomastrum Naudin
- Memecylon L.
- Meriania Sw.
- Merianthera Kuhlm.
- Miconia D.Don
- Microlicia D.Don
- Monochaetum (DC.) Naudin
- Monolena Triana ex Benth. & Hook.f.
- Mouriri Aubl.
- Neblinanthera Wurdack
- Neodriessenia M.P.Nayar
- Nepsera Naudin
- Nerophila Naudin
- Noterophila Mart.
- Nothodissotis Ver.-Lib. & G.Kadereit
- Ochthephilus Wurdack
- Ochthocharis Blume
- Opisthocentra Hook.f.
- Osbeckia L.
- Ossaea DC.
- Oxyspora DC.
- Pachycentria Blume
- Pachyloma DC.
- Phainantha Gleason
- Phyllagathis Blume
- Physeterostemon R.Goldenb. & Amorim
- Pilocosta Almeda & Whiffin
- Plagiopetalum Rehder
- Pleroma D.Don
- Plethiandra Hook.f.
- Poikilogyne Baker f.
- Poilannammia C.Hansen
- Poteranthera Bong.
- Preussiella Gilg
- Pseudodissochaeta Nayar
- Pseudoernestia Krasser
- Pternandra Jack
- Pterogastra Naudin
- Pterolepis (DC.) Miq.
- Pyrotis Ver.-Lib. & R.D.Stone
- Quipuanthus Michelang. & C.Ulloa
- Rhexia Gronov.
- Rhynchanthera DC.
- Rosettea Ver.-Lib. & G.Kadereit
- Rostranthera M.J.Rocha & P.J.F.Guim.
- Rousseauxia DC.
- Salpinga Mart. ex DC.
- Sandemania Gleason
- Sarcopyramis Wall.
- Schwackaea Cogn.
- Scorpiothyrsus H.L.Li
- Siphanthera Pohl
- Sonerila Roxb.
- Spathandra Guill. & Perr.
- Sporoxeia W.W.Sm.
- Stanmarkia Almeda
- Stussenia C.Hansen
- Styrophyton S.Y.Yu
- Tashiroea Matsum. ex T.Itô & Matsum.
- Tateanthus Gleason
- Tessmannianthus Markgr.
- Tibouchina Aubl.
- Tigridiopalma C.Chen
- Triolena Naudin
- Tristemma Juss.
- Tryssophyton Wurdack
- Vietsenia C.Hansen
- Votomita Aubl.
- Warneckea Gilg
- Wurdastom B.Walln.
Foraging
editMelastomataceae is foraged by many stingless bees, especially by the species Melipona bicolor which gather pollen from this taxon of flowering plant.[7][clarification needed]
References
edit- ^ "Myrtales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
- ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x, hdl:10654/18083
- ^ Ulloa Ulloa, Carmen; Almeda, Frank; Goldenberg, Renato; Kadereit, Gudrun; Michelangeli, Fabián A.; Penneys, Darin S.; Stone, R. Douglas; Veranso-Libalah, Marie Claire (2022), Goldenberg, Renato; Michelangeli, Fabián A.; Almeda, Frank (eds.), "Melastomataceae: Global Diversity, Distribution, and Endemism", Systematics, Evolution, and Ecology of Melastomataceae, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 3–28, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99742-7_1, ISBN 978-3-030-99741-0, retrieved 2023-05-04
- ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3). Magnolia Press: 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
- ^ "Melastomataceae Juss". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
- ^ LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
- ^ Hilário, S. D., and V. L. Imperatriz-Fonseca. "Pollen foraging in colonies of Melipona bicolor (Apidae, Meliponini): effects of season, colony size and queen number." Genetics and Molecular Research 8.2 (2009): 664-671.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Melastomataceae.
Wikispecies has information related to Melastomataceae.
- PlantSystematics.org: Images of species, list of genera[permanent dead link]
- Penneys, D. S.; Michelangeli, F. A.; Judd, W. S.; Almeda, F. (1 January 2010). "Henrietteeae (Melastomataceae): A New Neotropical Berry-Fruited Tribe". Systematic Botany. 35 (4): 783–800. doi:10.1600/036364410x539862. JSTOR 40985555. S2CID 85228425.