Myocardin

Myocardin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYOCD gene.

MYOCD
Identifiers
Aliases	MYOCD, MYCD, myocardin, MGBL
External IDs	OMIM: 606127; MGI: 2137495; HomoloGene: 17043; GeneCards: MYOCD; OMA:MYOCD - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human) Band 17p12 Start 12,665,890 bp End 12,768,949 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11|11 B3 Start 65,067,387 bp End 65,160,815 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in tail of epididymis saphenous vein cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium right ventricle nipple urethra right coronary artery superficial temporal artery ascending aorta smooth muscle tissue Top expressed in ascending aorta aortic valve tunica media of zone of aorta umbilical cord myocardium of ventricle interventricular septum atrium vas deferens migratory enteric neural crest cell cumulus cell More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transcription coactivator activity R-SMAD binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific transcription factor binding histone deacetylase binding core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding protein binding histone acetyltransferase binding cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Cellular component nucleus Biological process cellular component maintenance positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway response to hypoxia regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity urinary bladder development regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation cardiac ventricle development regulation of cell growth by extracellular stimulus positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II smooth muscle cell differentiation transcription, DNA-templated regulation of phenotypic switching vasculogenesis positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated uterus development negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process heart development muscle cell differentiation negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation regulation of myoblast differentiation regulation of histone acetylation positive regulation of cell population proliferation negative regulation of myotube differentiation positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in smooth muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation ventricular cardiac muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of DNA binding lung alveolus development digestive tract development positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction cardiocyte differentiation ductus arteriosus closure positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of cell population proliferation regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation transcription by RNA polymerase II cardiac muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of gene expression negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 93649 214384 Ensembl ENSG00000141052 ENSMUSG00000020542 UniProt Q8IZQ8 Q8VIM5 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001146312 NM_001146313 NM_153604 NM_001378306 NM_145136 NM_146386 RefSeq (protein) NP_001139784 NP_705832 NP_001365235 NP_660118 NP_666498 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 12.67 – 12.77 Mb Chr 11: 65.07 – 65.16 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Myocardin is a smooth muscle and cardiac muscle-specific transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor. When expressed ectopically in nonmuscle cells, myocardin can induce smooth muscle differentiation by its association with serum response factor (SRF; MIM 600589).[supplied by OMIM]

Further reading

• Du KL, Ip HS, Li J, et al. (2003). "Myocardin is a critical serum response factor cofactor in the transcriptional program regulating smooth muscle cell differentiation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (7): 2425–37. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.7.2425-2437.2003. PMC 150745. PMID 12640126.
• Wang Z, Wang DZ, Pipes GC, Olson EN (2003). "Myocardin is a master regulator of smooth muscle gene expression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (12): 7129–34. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.7129W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1232341100. PMC 165841. PMID 12756293.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Du KL, Chen M, Li J, et al. (2004). "Megakaryoblastic leukemia factor-1 transduces cytoskeletal signals and induces smooth muscle cell differentiation from undifferentiated embryonic stem cells". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (17): 17578–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.M400961200. PMID 14970199.
• Wang Z, Wang DZ, Hockemeyer D, et al. (2004). "Myocardin and ternary complex factors compete for SRF to control smooth muscle gene expression". Nature. 428 (6979): 185–9. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..185W. doi:10.1038/nature02382. PMID 15014501. S2CID 4408041.
• van Tuyn J, Knaän-Shanzer S, van de Watering MJ, et al. (2006). "Activation of cardiac and smooth muscle-specific genes in primary human cells after forced expression of human myocardin". Cardiovasc. Res. 67 (2): 245–55. doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.013. PMID 15907818.
• Liu ZP, Wang Z, Yanagisawa H, Olson EN (2005). "Phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells through interaction of Foxo4 and myocardin". Dev. Cell. 9 (2): 261–70. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2005.05.017. PMID 16054032.
• Doi H, Iso T, Yamazaki M, et al. (2006). "HERP1 inhibits myocardin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation by interfering with SRF binding to CArG box". Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 25 (11): 2328–34. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000185829.47163.32. PMID 16151017.
• Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, et al. (2006). "DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage". Nature. 440 (7087): 1045–9. Bibcode:2006Natur.440.1045Z. doi:10.1038/nature04689. PMC 2610434. PMID 16625196.
• Chow N, Bell RD, Deane R, et al. (2007). "Serum response factor and myocardin mediate arterial hypercontractility and cerebral blood flow dysregulation in Alzheimer's phenotype". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (3): 823–8. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104..823C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0608251104. PMC 1783398. PMID 17215356.
• Milyavsky M, Shats I, Cholostoy A, et al. (2007). "Inactivation of myocardin and p16 during malignant transformation contributes to a differentiation defect". Cancer Cell. 11 (2): 133–46. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.11.022. PMID 17292825.
• Li HJ, Haque Z, Lu Q, et al. (2007). "Steroid receptor coactivator 3 is a coactivator for myocardin, the regulator of smooth muscle transcription and differentiation". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (10): 4065–70. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.4065L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0611639104. PMC 1820709. PMID 17360478.
• Pijnappels DA, van Tuyn J, de Vries AA, et al. (2007). "Resynchronization of separated rat cardiomyocyte fields with genetically modified human ventricular scar fibroblasts". Circulation. 116 (18): 2018–28. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.712935. PMID 17938287.