The Order of the Republic (Arabic: وسام الجمهورية, romanized: wisām al-jumhūriyya) is a state decoration of Sudan established on 16 November 1961 and given to Sudanese and foreigners who rendered outstanding contributions to the government.[1] The order is the highest Sudanese honour.[2] The order has two issues: the Governor General issue with the Rhinoceros suspension, and the Democratic Republic of Sudan's issue with the emblem of the Republic (Secretarybird) suspension.[1]
| Order of the Republic وسام الجمهورية | |
|---|---|
 Governor General issue of the Order | |
| Awarded by Sudan | |
| Type | Order of Merit |
| Established | 16 November 1961 |
| Country | Sudan |
| Awarded for | Providing great services to the state |
| Status | Currently constituted |
| Classes | Grand Cordon (Class I) Grand Officer (Class II) Commander (Class III) Officer (Class IV) Knight (Class V) |
| Precedence | |
| Next (lower) | Order of the Two Niles |
 Ribbon bar of the order | |
It is not permissible to repeat awarding of decorations and medals, or to rise from one class to a higher one, except after the lapse of at least three years from the date of awarding them. This period is reduced to one year for employees if they are referred to retirement. Orders and medals remain the property of the awardee, and their heirs as a souvenir without any of them having the right to carry it. Without prejudice to any other punishment stipulated in the laws of Sudan, it is permissible, by order of the President of the Republic, to strip the bearer of a necklace, sash, medal, medallion, cloak of honour, or belt if they commit an act that is dishonourable or inconsistent with loyalty to the state.[3]
Classes
editClass I
editIt consists of a silk ribbon of corrugated violet colour, divided longitudinally by seven light green stripes, and ends with a medal consisting of three tandem surfaces, the first of which is white enamel with the inscription "Democratic Republic of Sudan" in dark blue and surrounded by the colours of the flag of the Democratic Republic of Sudan on the second surface. The medal hangs from a golden circle in the middle, which is a drawing of the emblem of the Democratic Republic of Sudan circling the scarf from right to left. The sash is followed by a large medal medallion carried on the chest on the left side.[4]
Class II
editThe Class II and III are made of platinum metal, in addition to yellow enamel motifs at the edges of the second surface.[4] It consists of a necklace made of silk cloth, the same colour as the scarf. It is worn around the neck, and a medallion similar to the medallion of Class I hangs from it, followed by a medallion worn on the chest on the left side, similar to the medallion of the scarf.[3]
Class III
editIt consists of a necklace of silk fabric similar to the necklace of the Class II, worn around the neck, and a medal similar to the medal of the second class hanging from it.[3]
Class IV
editIt consists of a medal worn on the chest on the left side. The medal hangs from a golden circle in the middle, which is a drawing of the emblem of the Democratic Republic of Sudan, the Secretarybird. This circle is attached to an undulating silk ribbon of the same colour as the ribbon of the Class III Medal. Class IV consists of surfaces, the first of which is white enamel with the inscription "Democratic Republic of Sudan" in dark blue and surrounded by the colours of the flag of the Democratic Republic of Sudan. The second is made of platinum metal, the edges of which are decorated with small circles of yellow enamel.[3]
Class V
editIt consists of a medal worn on the chest from the left side. The medal hangs from a golden circle in the middle which is a drawing of the emblem of the Democratic Republic of Sudan, the Secretarybird. This circle is clasped on a wavy silk ribbon of the same colour as the ribbon of Class IV. The decoration consists of two synonymous surfaces only, the first of the white enamel on which is written "the Democratic Republic of Sudan" in dark blue and surrounded by the colours of the flag of the Democratic Republic of Sudan, and the second of platinum metal. It differs from the Class IV in that its edges are not decorated with circles of yellow enamel.[3]
Notable recipients
edit- 1970 Haile Selassie[5][6]
- 1975 Andrew W. Riang Wieu[7]
- 1979 Ismail al-Haj Mousa[7]
- 1993 El-Nazeer Dafalla[8]
- 2013 Ahmad bin Abdullah Al Mahmoud[9]
- 2013 Gamal Al-Wali[10]
- 2014 Sadiq al-Mahdi[11][12][13]
- 2014 Mohammed Uthman al-Mirghani al-Khatim[12][11]
- 2017 Zhang Gaoli[14]
- 2018 Riek Machar[15]
- 2018 Yevgeny Prigozhin[16]
- 2021 Chris Coons[17]
- Amin Abusineina[7]
- Peter Gatkuoth Gual[7]
- Izzeddin Hamid[7]
- Kamil Mohamad Said[7]
- Mohamad Sayid al-Shaar[7]
- Ahmad Abdulhaum[7]
- Omer Yousif Birido
- Sayed Abdallahi El Hassan
References
edit- ^ a b "Order of the Republic". wawards.org. Archived from the original on 2023-03-12. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
- ^ O'Toole, E.H. (January 1967). "Sudan: Order of the Two Nile" (PDF). Journal of the Orders and Medals Society of America. 18 (1): 1–2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-01-02. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ a b c d e "بشأن قانون الاوسمة والانواط لسنة 1961 ". site.eastlaws.com. Archived from the original on 2023-03-15. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ a b "بشأن قانون الاوسمة والانواط لسنة 1961 ". site.eastlaws.com. Archived from the original on 2023-03-15. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ Nathaniel, Ras (2004). 50th Anniversary of His Imperial Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie I First Visit to the United States (1954-2004). Trafford Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4120-3702-0. Archived from the original on 2023-03-18. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
- ^ Smith, Llewellyn (2010-04-06). David Kingdom Come. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-557-09377-9. Archived from the original on 2023-03-18. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Publications, Publitec (2011-12-22). Who's Who in the Arab World 2007-2008. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-093004-7. Archived from the original on 2023-03-18. Retrieved 2023-03-17.
- ^ "Father Of Sudanese Veterinary Medicine, Prof. Elnazeer Dafa'alla| Sudanow Magazine". sudanow-magazine.net. Archived from the original on 2023-03-16. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- ^ Dabanga (2011-10-24). "الرئيس البشير يمنح الوسيط القطري آل محمود وسام الجمهورية من الطبقة الاولى". Dabanga Radio TV Online (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 2023-03-16. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- ^ "سام الجمهورية للسيد جمال الوالى". Alrakoba. 2013-05-27. Archived from the original on 2023-03-16. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- ^ a b SudanTribune (2014-01-06). "Sudan's opposition NUP defends acceptance of presidential award". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 2023-03-15.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b SudanTribune (2015-01-04). "Independence blues: the palace and the doe". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 2023-03-15.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Elshabik, Mohamed. "Sudan dialogue: Enough playing Pollyanna". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 2023-03-15. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ "البشير يوجه دعوة رسمية لنظيره الصيني لزيارة السودان". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2023-03-16. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- ^ "President Al-Bashir Bestows Gen. Salva Kiir the Necklace of Honor and the Order of the Republic to Dr. Riek Machar, the Star of Accomplishment and the Order of Al-Nilien to a Number of State Officials » Presidency of the Republic - Presidential Palace". presidency.gov.sd. Archived from the original on 2023-03-15. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
- ^ "Пригожин предложил стать посредником для урегулирования ситуации в Судане". TACC. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
- ^ "البرهان يمنح السناتور كريستوفر كونز وسام الجمهورية". suna-news.net (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 2023-03-18. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
