Rohtas District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. It came into existence when Shahabad District was bifurcated into Bhojpur & Rohtas in 1972. Administrative headquarter of the district is Sasaram.[3] Rohtas district has the highest literacy in Bihar. The literacy rate of Rohtas district which is 73.37% as per 2011 census is highest among all 38 districts of Bihar.
Rohtas District | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location of Rohtas district in Bihar | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Bihar |
| Division | Patna |
| Headquarters | Sasaram |
| Government | |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Sasaram, Karakat, Buxar |
| • District Magistrate | Udita Singh, Indian Administrative Service |
| • Superintendent of Police | Roshan Kumar, Indian Police Service |
| • Divisional Forest Officer | Manish Kumar Verma, Indian Forest Service |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,847.82 km2 (1,485.65 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 2,959,918 |
| • Density | 770/km2 (2,000/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 73.37% |
| • Sex ratio | 914 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 821311 (Rohtas)[2] |
| ISO 3166 code | 06188 |
| Vehicle registration | BR 24 |
| Major highways | NH 2 |
| Website | Official District Website |
Rohtas district also has one of the highest forest cover among all 38 districts of Bihar.[citation needed]
The Rohtas district is a part of Patna Division, and it has an area of 3850 km², a population of 2,959,918 (2011 census), and a population density of 763 persons per km². Languages spoken here are Bhojpuri, Hindi and English.[3]
History
editRohtas district was created in 1972, when the former Shahabad district was divided in two. It corresponded to the former district's sub-divisions of Sasaram and Bhabua. In 1991, Bhabua was split off as a separate district, which was renamed Kaimur district in 1994.[4]
The district is a part of the Red Corridor.[5]
Geography
editRohtas district occupies an area of 3,851 square kilometres (1,487 sq mi).[6] This makes it the 4th-largest district in Bihar.[7]
Rohtas district can be divided into two major natural areas. In the north and northeast is the Sasaram Plain, an alluvial plain sloping gently downward toward the northeast. Its average height ranges from 72m above sea level in the north to 153m above sea level in the south. The plains cover all of Dinara, Dawath, Bikramganj, Nasriganj, Nokha, and Dehri Blocks, as well as parts of Sasaram, Sheosagar, and Rohtas Blocks. There are scattered woodlands in the east, in Sasaram Block. In the southern part of the district is the Rohtas Plateau, which is an eastern flank of the Vindhya plateau with an average elevation of 300m above sea level. It covers parts of Nauhatta, Rohtas, Sheosagar, Sasaram, and Chenari Blocks. This area is hilly, with occasional forests throughout. Several streams flow toward the north, including the Durgawati, the Bajari, the Koel, and the Sura. The Rohtas Plateau is less well suited for agriculture due to the uneven, rocky and gravelly soils as well as the forest cover. A variety of long grasses grow naturally on the plateau, including pear grass, kus, and khas khas.[4]
Throughout Rohtas district, the soils are generally classified as ustalfs, ochrepts, orthents, fluvents, and psamments.[4]
Economy
editEconomy of the district is agriculture based. Rice, wheat and maize are the main crops. Rohtas is also called the "Rice bowl of Bihar". Until 1980, Dalmianagar was one of the major industrial cities in India. It had sugar, vegetable oil, cement, paper, and chemical factories but now they are closed.[8]
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Rohtas one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[9] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar have received funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[9]
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 606,016 | — |
| 1911 | 575,964 | −0.51% |
| 1921 | 560,894 | −0.26% |
| 1931 | 616,315 | +0.95% |
| 1941 | 719,901 | +1.57% |
| 1951 | 831,133 | +1.45% |
| 1961 | 1,024,133 | +2.11% |
| 1971 | 1,286,983 | +2.31% |
| 1981 | 1,583,280 | +2.09% |
| 1991 | 1,927,736 | +1.99% |
| 2001 | 2,464,243 | +2.49% |
| 2011 | 2,959,918 | +1.85% |
| source:[10] | ||
According to the 2011 census Rohtas district has a population of 2,959,918,[12] roughly equal to the nation of Armenia[13] or the US state of Mississippi.[14] This gives it a ranking of 127th in India (out of a total of 640).[12] In Bihar, it is ranked 17th out of 38 in terms of population.[7] The district has a population density of 763 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,980/sq mi), ranking 34th out of 38 in Bihar (the state's density is 1,106 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,860/sq mi).[7] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 20.22%.[12] Rohtas has a sex ratio of 918 females for every 1000 males, which ranks 22nd out of 38 in Bihar (the state ratio is also 918). 14.45% of the population live in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 18.57% and 1.07% of the population respectively.[7]
The literacy rate in Rohtas district was 73.37% as of 2011 which is highest among all 38 districts of Bihar. The literacy rate was higher for men than for women: 82.88% of men but only 62.97% of women in the district could read and write. Literacy also was higher in urban areas than rural ones. The highest literacy rate in Rohtas district could be found in the town and sub-district of Dehri - 77.70% of the district's total population, and 81.2% of the population of the town proper, was literate. The lowest literacy rate was in the entirely rural CD block of Nauhatta, where 63.07% of the population could read and write.[4]
A majority of the working population of Rohtas district was employed in agriculture in 2011, with 23.58% being cultivators who owned or rented their own land and 43.85% being agricultural laborers who worked someone else's land for wages. Another 5.25% of the district's workforce was employed in household industries, and all other forms of employment accounted for the remaining 27.33%.[4]
Languages
editAt the time of the 2011 Census of India, 87.67% of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri, 7.47% Hindi and 4.39% Urdu as their first language.[15]
Flora and fauna
editIn 1982 Rohtas district became home to the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 1,342 km2 (518.1 sq mi).[16]
Administration
editThe Rohtas district (headquartered at Sasaram) is headed by an IAS officer of the rank of District Magistrate (DM).
The district has got 2072 villages under 226 Gram Panchayats, 34 territorial police stations[17]
Tehsils
editRohtas district comprises three tehsils or Sub-divisions, each headed by a Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM):
Blocks
editThese Tehsils are further divided into 19 Blocks, each headed by a Block Development Officer (BDO).
There are 10 towns in Rohtas district, as follows:[4]
| Town name | Class | Population (in 2011) |
|---|---|---|
| Koath | Nagar panchayat | 18,890 |
| Bikramganj | Nagar panchayat | 48,465 |
| Nasriganj | Nagar panchayat | 23,819 |
| Nokha | Nagar panchayat | 27,302 |
| Bhardua | Census town | 5,317 |
| Chanari | Census town | 6,569 |
| Sasaram | Nagar Nigam | 147,408 |
| Dehri | Nagar parishad | 137,231 |
| Saraiya | Census town | 8,260 |
| Telkap | Census town | 4,504 |
| Karagahar | Census town | 10,170 |
Politics
edit| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rohtas | 207 | Chenari | Murari Prasad Gautam | BJP | NDA | Switched from INC to BJP | ||
| 208 | Sasaram | Rajesh Kumar Gupta | RJD | MGB | ||||
| 209 | Kargahar | Santhosh Kumar Mishra | INC | MGB | ||||
| 210 | Dinara | Vijay Yadav | RJD | MGB | ||||
| 211 | Nokha | Anita Devi | RJD | MGB | ||||
| 212 | Dehri | Fateh Bahadur Singh | RJD | MGB | ||||
| 213 | Karakat | Arun Singh | CPI(ML)L | MGB | ||||
References
edit- ^ a b "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
- ^ Rohtas
- ^ a b "District Rohtas, Government of Bihar | Rice bowl of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f "Census of India 2011: Bihar District Census Handbook - Rohtas, Part A (Village and Town Directory)". Census 2011 India. pp. 19, 25–28, 44, 47–48, 51, 58, 60, 94. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
- ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 11 December 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2011. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
- ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti; et al., eds. (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
- ^ a b c d "Census of India 2011: Bihar District Census Handbook - Rohtas, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract)". Census 2011 India. p. 13. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
- ^ "Economy | District Rohtas, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ^ "Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar" (PDF). census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b c "District Census Handbook: Rohtas" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
Armenia 2,967,975 July 2011 est.
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
Mississippi 2,967,297
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
- ^ "List of police stations in Rohtas District, India". Bihar Police. Retrieved 14 June 2024.