Shuya (Russian: Шу́я, IPA: [ˈʂujə]) is the third largest town in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. The town is built on the high left bank of the navigable Teza river, a tributary of the Klyazma river, with two suburbs on the right bank.[8] Population: 55,225 (2021 Census);[9] 58,486 (2010 Census);[3] 62,449 (2002 Census);[10] 69,362 (1989 Soviet census);[11] 18,968 (in 1897);[8] 19,560 (in 1882).[8]
Shuya
Шуя | |
|---|---|
 Resurrection Cathedral and its bell tower in Shuya | |
.svg) Flag .svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Shuya  | |
  Shuya Location of Shuya  Shuya Shuya (Ivanovo Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 56°51′00″N 41°22′00″E / 56.85000°N 41.36667°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Ivanovo Oblast[1] |
| First mentioned | 1393 |
| Town status since | 1778 |
| Government | |
| • Head[2] | Natalya Koryagina (acting)[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 33.29 km2 (12.85 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 100 m (300 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 58,486 |
| • Rank | 283rd in 2010 |
| • Density | 1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | Town of Shuya[4] |
| • Capital of | Shuysky District,[1] Town of Shuya |
| • Urban okrug | Shuya Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Shuya Urban Okrug,[5] Shuysky Municipal District[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 155900—155906, 155908, 155912 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 49351 |
| OKTMO ID | 24711000001 |
| Website | www |
Shuya is one of the chief centers of the cotton and linen industries in central Russia.[8]
History
edit
Middle Ages
editThe first record of Shuya is dated by 1393.[citation needed] Annalists mention princes of Shuya in 1403.[8] Since 1403, the area was held by a branch of the House of Suzdal, which got their name "Shuysky" after the town.[citation needed] In 1539, the town was sacked by Safa Giray of Kazan.[citation needed] In 1566, it was taken by Ivan the Terrible as his personal property into Oprichnina.[citation needed]
In 1722, Shuya was visited by Peter the Great, who launched textile manufacturing there.[citation needed] The town's first linen manufactures were established in 1755.[8] Town status was granted to it in 1778.[citation needed]
Modern era
editBy the 19th century, Shuya was developed into a major flax-processing center, although it has been since superseded in importance by the neighboring town of Ivanovo.
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Shuya serves as the administrative center of Shuysky District,[1] even though it is not a part of it.[4] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Shuya—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[4] As a municipal division, the Town of Shuya is incorporated as Shuya Urban Okrug.[5]
Architecture
edit
Nikolo-Shartomsky Monastery, situated 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from Shuya, has one of the largest monastic communities in Russia. It was first mentioned in 1425. It has a cathedral from 1652 and a refectory church from 1678.
The belltower of the Resurrection Cathedral in Shuya is the tallest freestanding bell tower in the world.
Notable people
editNotable people from Shuya include peasant Feodor Vassilyev, whose first wife still holds the world record for most children ever born (sixty-nine). Mikhail Frunze led textile workers in the town in a strike action during the Revolution of 1905.
Economy
editAccording to the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, tanneries, especially for the preparation of sheepskins—widely renowned throughout Russia—still maintain their importance, although this industry has migrated to a great extent to the country districts.[8] The cathedral (1799) is a large building, with five gilt cupolas.[8] Nearly every village in the vicinity has a specialty of its own—bricks, pottery, wheels, toys, packing-boxes, looms and other weaving implements, house furniture, sieves, combs, boots, gloves, felt goods, candles, and so on.[8]
As of 1911, the manufacture of linen and cotton in the villages, as well as the preparation and manufacture of sheepskins and rough gloves, occupied about 40,000 peasants.[8] The Shuya merchants carry on an active trade in these products all over Russia, and in corn, spirits, salt and other food stuffs, imported.[8]
See also
editReferences
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d Law #145-OZ
- ^ a b Official website of the Administration of Shuya. Natalya Vladimirovna Koryagina, Head of the Administration of Shuya (in Russian)
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #145-OZ stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #52-OZ, which describes the borders and the composition of Shuysky District, does not list the town of Shuya as a part of that district.
- ^ a b c d Law #124-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
Sources
edit- Ивановская областная Дума. Закон №145-ОЗ от 14 декабря 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ивановской области», в ред. Закона №2-ОЗ от 4 февраля 2015 г. «Об отдельных вопросах правового регулирования в сфере присвоения наименований географическим объектам и переименования географических объектов на территории Ивановской области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства Ивановской области", №50(519), 30 декабря 2010 г. (Ivanovo Oblast Duma. Law #145-OZ of December 14, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Ivanovo Oblast, as amended by the Law #2-OZ of February 4, 2015 On Various Issues of the Legal Regulation in the Area of Assigning Names to Geographical Objects and Renaming the Geographical Objects on the Territory of Ivanovo Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Ивановской области. Закон №124-ОЗ от 29 сентября 2004 г. «О муниципальных районах и городских округах», в ред. Закона №7-ОЗ от 12 января 2005 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Ивановской области "О муниципальных районах и городских округах"». Вступил в силу 1 октября 2004 г. Опубликован: "Ивановская газета", №189 (3327), 1 октября 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Ivanovo Oblast. Law #124-OZ of September 29, 2004 On the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs, as amended by the Law #7-OZ of January 12, 2005 On Amending the Law of Ivanovo Oblast "On the Municipal Districts and Urban Okrugs". Effective as of October 1, 2004.).
External links
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- Official website of Shuya (in Russian)
- Nikolo-Shartomsky Abbey (in Russian)
- Museum of Mikhail Frunze (in Russian)