Wikipedia

Turkey national football team

For the women's team, see Turkey women's national football team.

The Turkey national football team (Turkish: Türkiye Millî Futbol Takımı), recognized as Türkiye by FIFA,[6][7] represents Turkey in men's international football matches. The team is controlled by the Turkish Football Federation (Turkish: Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu), the governing body for football in Turkey, which was founded in 1923 and has been a member of FIFA since 1923 and UEFA since 1962.[8]

Turkey
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s)Ay-Yıldızlılar
(The Crescent-Stars)[1]
AssociationTurkish Football Federation (TFF)
ConfederationUEFA (Europe)
Head coachVincenzo Montella
CaptainHakan Çalhanoğlu
Most capsRüştü Reçber (120)
Top scorerHakan Şükür (51)
Home stadiumVarious
FIFA codeTUR[2]
First colours
Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current 26 Steady (24 October 2024)[3]
Highest5 (June 2004)
Lowest67 (October 1993)
First international
 Turkey 2–2 Romania 
(Istanbul, Turkey; 26 October 1923)[a]
Biggest win
 Turkey 7–0 Syria 
(Ankara, Turkey; 20 November 1949)
 Turkey 7–0 South Korea 
(Geneva, Switzerland; 20 June 1954)
 Turkey 7–0 San Marino 
(Istanbul, Turkey; 10 November 1996)
Biggest defeat
 Poland 8–0 Turkey 
(Chorzów, Poland; 24 April 1968)
 Turkey 0–8 England 
(Istanbul, Turkey; 14 November 1984)
 England 8–0 Turkey 
(London, England; 14 October 1987)
World Cup
Appearances2 (first in 1954)
Best resultThird place (2002)
European Championship
Appearances6 (first in 1996)
Best resultSemi-finals (2008)
Olympic Games
Appearances6 (first in 1924)
Best resultQuarter-finals (1948, 1952)
Confederations Cup
Appearances1 (first in 2003)
Best resultThird place (2003)
Medal record
FIFA World Cup
Bronze medal – third place 2002 Korea/Japan Team
UEFA European Championship
Bronze medal – third place 2008 Austria–Switzerland Team [b]
FIFA Confederations Cup
Bronze medal – third place 2003 France Team
Websitetff.org

The team played their first official international game in 1923 and has represented the nation in major competitions since their debut appearance at the 1924 Summer Olympics. They have participated in the Summer Olympics a total of six times (1924, 1928, 1936, 1948, 1952, and 1960), and reached the quarter-finals twice, in 1948 and 1952.

The team enjoyed their highest achievements in the 2000s, most notably finishing in third place at the 2002 FIFA World Cup and the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup, and reaching the semi-finals at UEFA Euro 2008. They qualified for the FIFA World Cup three times (1950,[c] 1954, and 2002) and reached the semi-finals in 2002, winning the bronze medal. The team qualified for the UEFA European Championship six times. Making their debut at Euro 1996, they reached the quarter-finals in Euro 2000 and semi-finals in Euro 2008. In recent years, Türkiye qualified to the Euro 2016, Euro 2020, and Euro 2024 championships, reaching the quarter-finals of the latter. Türkiye was named as a co-host for UEFA Euro 2032, and will qualify automatically.

History

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Further information: History of Turkish football

Early years

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One of the early formations in 1922
 
Turkey against Romania in 1923

The Turkish national team's first game was against Romania, played on 26 October 1923 at Taksim Stadium in Istanbul, a 2–2 draw.[11] Zeki Rıza Sporel is considered as the first big star of Turkish football as he scored the first two goals against Romania. Turkey played their first ever official match at the 1924 Summer Olympics losing to Czechoslovakia, 5–2. The first two goals in an official game were scored by Bekir Refet.

 
Turkey in 1950

Although Turkey qualified for the 1950 World Cup, beating Syria 7–0, they were forced to withdraw from the tournament due to financial problems. Turkey then qualified for the 1954 World Cup after a play-off with Spain. They first lost 4–1 to Spain, but a 1–0 win a few days later initiated a replay. On that occasion, they tied 2–2 after, booking their place after a coin toss. Turkey was grouped along with Hungary and West Germany. The Turks, however, never played Hungary due to the tournament format, and a 4–1 defeat by the Germans was followed by Turkey carrying out a 7–0 win over South Korea. Turkey lost the play-off to West Germany 7–2. In 1956, however, Turkey did play Hungary in a friendly match in Istanbul, defeating what was one of the strongest teams of the era, 3–1.[12] Lefter Küçükandonyadis, arguably one of the best Turkish strikers of all time, scored two goals during the tournament.

Near misses

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Turkey against Netherlands in 1958

Despite the introduction of a national league, and showings by Turkish clubs in European competition, the 1960s would be a barren time for the national team. Most players from the 1954 World Cup squad had already retired, and the new generation of players failed to qualify for a major tournament. The 1970s saw Turkey holding back in the World Cup and UEFA European Championship qualifiers, but the team was a point too short to qualify for both UEFA Euro 1972 and Euro 1976. In the 1980s the Turks also suffered their worst defeats with 8–0 scorelines against Poland and twice against England. But the 1990 World Cup qualifiers would mark a turning point for Turkish football, with Turkey only missing out on qualification in the final match. Prominent players in this period included Rıdvan Dilmen, Oğuz Çetin, Rıza Çalımbay, Feyyaz Uçar, and European Golden Boot winner Tanju Çolak.

1990s

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In 1990, coach Sepp Piontek was put in charge of the national team. Under his guidance, a group of new players debuted for the national team. Many of these players (which included Bülent Korkmaz, Alpay Özalan, Sergen Yalçın, Rüştü Reçber, and Hakan Şükür) would become the backbone of the national team for many years. Piontek's mission came to an end in 1993, when he was replaced by Fatih Terim, who in turn managed to qualify for Euro 1996. Turkey qualified for its first major tournament since 1954. The appointment of Piontek was a recommended move by another coach, Jupp Derwall, who had coached Galatasaray for three seasons.

 
Turkish national football team on an Azerbaijan stamp for Euro 1996

Turkey qualified for Euro 1996, defeating both Switzerland and Sweden 2–1 during qualification. Despite a solid performance during the qualifiers, Turkey lost all their matches without scoring a single goal. They did, however, go home with an award: the fair play award, given to Özalan.

2000s

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Although Turkey failed to qualify for the 1998 World Cup, they qualified for Euro 2000 after winning a play-off against the Republic of Ireland. Turkey lost their first match 2–1 to Italy, then drew their second match against Sweden 0–0, and beat host nation Belgium 2–0, making it the first time in the history of the UEFA European Championship a host nation had been eliminated in the first round. This victory brought Turkey into the quarter-finals of the tournament, where they were beaten 2–0 by Portugal, with Arif Erdem missing a penalty.

 
The Turkish national team on an Azerbaijani stamp for the 2002 FIFA World Cup

For the 2002 World Cup, Turkey finished second in their qualifying group, losing to Sweden in the match that would decide the number-one spot. The Turks were forced to play the play-offs against Austria. They defeated the Austrians 6–0 on aggregate and booked their place in the finals. The Turkish team started the 2002 World Cup with a 2–1 defeat against eventual winners Brazil.[13] Turkey qualified from the group stage with a 3–0 win against China PR after drawing 1–1 with Costa Rica.[14][15] Turkey then faced co-hosts Japan in the second round, winning 1–0.[16] The Turkish team continued their run, as they beat Senegal 1–0 on a golden goal to book their place in the semi-finals, where a 1–0 defeat against eventual tournament winners Brazil forced them to play the third-place match. The Turks won the bronze medal after a 3–2 victory over co-hosts South Korea.[17][18][19] Hakan Şükür scored Turkey's first goal in 10.8 seconds, despite the South Koreans kicking off first. It was the fastest goal in World Cup history.[20][21] Tens of thousands of flag-waving Turkish fans greeted the World Cup squad on their return to Istanbul, where they joined a massive street party at Taksim Square.[22] Rüştü Reçber, Alpay Özalan and Hasan Şaş were all included in the All-Star Team, with Reçber also being voted as the best goalkeeper in the UEFA Team of the Year 2002, while Şenol Güneş was being voted as the best manager.

In 2003, Turkey finished third at the FIFA Confederations Cup. In the group stage, Turkey defeated the United States 2–1 before losing to Cameroon 1–0. In their final group match, Turkey drew 2–2 against Brazil, eliminating them from the tournament. Turkey lost to eventual tournament winners France 3–2 in the semi-finals, and then defeated Colombia 2–1 in the third-place match. Tuncay scored three goals and an assist, which won him the Silver Shoe Award and the Silver Ball Award for the second-best player of the tournament.

The Turks failed to qualify for Euro 2004 after Latvia won the qualification play-offs. They also missed out on the 2006 World Cup after failing to win the play-offs, this time on away goals against Switzerland, again after finishing second in their group.

Turkey qualified for their first international tournament in six years by finishing second behind Greece in Euro 2008 qualifying Group C to reach the tournament. They were placed alongside Switzerland, Portugal, and the Czech Republic in Group A. In their first match, they played Portugal and were beaten 2–0, but wins over Switzerland (2–1) and the Czech Republic (3–2) – both secured by late goals – meant qualification for the knockout stages.[23][24][25] Turkey knocked out a host nation – Switzerland – in the group stages for the second time.[26] The quarter-final against Croatia was goalless after 90 minutes, and Croatia led 1–0 in the final minute of extra time, but another late Turkish goal by forward Semih Şentürk brought the game to penalties. The goal raised some controversy with Croatia fans and Croatia head coach Slaven Bilić, who claimed that the goal had been scored after extra time had elapsed. This complaint, however, was overruled, and the game went into penalties. Turkey defeated Croatia in penalties, 3–1.[27] Turkey went into the semi-final against Germany with just 14 outfield players available as a result of injuries and suspensions but scored first and were drawing 2–2. But they finished third by default after losing 3–2 with a last-minute goal by Philipp Lahm.[28]

 
Turkey against France on 5 June 2009

2010s

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Turkey was drawn in UEFA Group 5 together with Armenia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Estonia and Spain. Turkey had a mixed qualifying campaign, finishing with 15 points and missing out on a play-off place to Bosnia and Herzegovina with 19 points. Spain topped the group to qualify, winning every game in the process. Coach Fatih Terim announced he would be resigning his post following their failure to qualify.[29]

 
The Turks during Euro 2012 qualification

Turkey was drawn in Group A in qualification for Euro 2012, together with Kazakhstan, Austria, Belgium, Germany and Azerbaijan. The Turks reached the play-offs after beating Azerbaijan 1–0 but were eliminated 3–0 on aggregate by Croatia.

On 14 November 2012, Turkey celebrated their 500th match in a friendly game played against Denmark at the Türk Telekom Arena, Istanbul, which ended in a 1–1 draw. Before the match, footballers and coaches, who contributed to the national team's success in the past, were honored. Turkish pop singer Hadise, who wore a national team jersey with the number 500, performed a small concert.[30][31]

Turkey was drawn in Group D in qualification for the 2014 World Cup, together with Andorra, Estonia, Hungary, the Netherlands and Romania, finishing fourth. Abdullah Avcı was sacked soon after. Fatih Terim was put in charge for the third time to lead the national team, but a 2–0 defeat against the Netherlands ended hopes of qualification.

 
Turkey against Austria on 29 March 2016

Grouped in Group A in the qualification campaign for Euro 2016, with Iceland, Latvia, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, and the Czech Republic, the team qualified for their first major tournament in eight years as the best third-placed team after beating Iceland 1–0, with Selçuk İnan netting a free kick in the 89th minute, along with Kazakhstan beating Latvia 1–0.[32][33][34][35][36] After a year and a half of going unbeaten, a loss to England as a pre-tournament friendly ended the team's winning streak, subsequently leading to back-to-back losses against Croatia and Spain in the tournament. Turkey won their last game against the Czech Republic, 2–0. They nearly reached the last 16 until a late winner for Ireland against Italy meant that the latter instead qualified as one of the best third-placed teams.[37]

Placed with Croatia, Finland, Iceland, Kosovo and Ukraine for 2018 World Cup qualifying, manager Fatih Terim left after an off-field incident,[38] and 72-year-old former Romania manager Mircea Lucescu took over. After eight games, Turkey were in pole position to qualify for the tournament, but a 3–0 defeat to Iceland at home ended automatic qualification hopes. After a 2–2 draw against Finland, the team finished fourth in Group I.

Turkey was drawn with Russia and Sweden in the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League B and performed poorly, leading to a bottom finish. In the first game at home against 2018 World Cup host and quarter-finalist Russia, Turkey lost 2–1. Turkey then put up its best performance in the League, winning 3–2 against Sweden on Swedish soil. However, Turkey could not extend their performances and lost to Russia in Sochi before suffering a humiliating 1–0 home loss to Sweden, thus initially relegating Turkey to League C. However, UEFA rule changes meant Turkey was allowed to remain in League B.

Turkey was drawn in Group H in the qualifying stages of Euro 2020 along with 2018 World Cup champions France, Iceland, Albania, Moldova, and Andorra. Veteran coach Şenol Güneş revolutionized the team, with many young talents, combining them with experienced players like Burak Yılmaz and Emre Belözoglu. The team eventually managed to achieve a 2–0 victory against France in Konya and a 1–1 draw at the Stade de France. Turkey then struggled against Andorra in their first match, winning after an 89th-minute goal at Vodafone Park in Istanbul. Turkey's only defeat in the group came against Iceland in Reykjavík, losing 2–1. The defeat came after the ill-treatment of the Turkish group at the Iceland customs, keeping them at the airport for three hours. This was followed by an Icelandic supporter holding a toilet brush to team captain Emre Belozoglu as a pretend microphone during an interview. The events were heavily criticized by the Turkish and European media. Turkey entered matchday nine as group leaders with 19 points. They and Iceland drew 0–0 at Turk Telekom Arena in Istanbul. After finishing behind France, a draw was enough to secure Turkey a spot in Euro 2020 finals, ahead of their away match against Andorra.[39]

2020s

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Turkey during the UEFA Euro 2020 group stage match against Wales in Baku

After qualifying for Euro 2020, which would be postponed to June and July 2021 due to COVID-19, Turkey was drawn against Russia, alongside Hungary, and Serbia in the 2020–21 UEFA Nations League B. They performed poorly in their two opening games in September 2020. The first game against Hungary at home saw Turkey suffer a 1–0 defeat courtesy of a free kick from Dominik Szoboszlai. Playing in Belgrade, following Aleksandar Kolarov's red card, the Turks were held goalless against Serbia. This hampered their chances of qualifying for League A, as their next opponents in October would be Russia (a country that Turkey hasn't beaten since 1975) and Hungary.

In Moscow, Turkey drew 1–1 after Kenan Karaman's equalizer. The Turkish side then drew 2–2 against Serbia at home.[40]

Against Russia, Denis Cheryshev scored for the Russians to take an early lead making the Turkish side look hapless. But after Russia's red card reduced the side to ten men, the Turks eventually won 3–2.[41][42][43] The Turks then traveled to Hungary with the hope that a win against the Hungarians could mean possible promotion, if Russia lost to Serbia. While Russia suffered a humiliating 5–0 defeat away in Belgrade, Turkey also lost 2–0 to the Hungarians. That meant Turkey and Serbia were tied on points, but they were relegated after they lost the head-to-head away goals tiebreaker, 2–0.[44][45][46] Such an outcome also meant Turkey would have to fight to get a direct Qatar 2022 ticket as play-off qualification appeared slim with their relegation, in which the 2022 World Cup qualifiers that started in March 2021.

Turkey had the honor of opening the Euro 2021 finals, but with Ciro Immobile and Lorenzo Insigne scoring, Turkey fell 3–0 to Italy. Roberto Mancini's side had been frustrated by Turkey's defensive approach in the first half but broke through in the 53rd minute when a hard-hit cross from Domenico Berardi flew in off Turkish defender Merih Demiral for an own goal. They went on to lose the next two games to both Switzerland and Wales, losing all three games alongside debutants North Macedonia.

In the 2022 World Cup qualifiers, Turkey was drawn into Group G with the Netherlands, Norway, Montenegro, Latvia, and Gibraltar. After they finished second in their group behind the Netherlands,[47][48][49] they entered 2022 FIFA World Cup UEFA playoffs against Portugal[50][51] but they lost 3–1 in a game that Burak Yılmaz missed a crucial penalty to equalise and thus failed to qualify for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.[52] Afterwards, he announced his international retirement.[53][54]

In 2022–23 UEFA Nations League C, they were drawn in Group 1 with Luxembourg, the Faroe Islanders, Lithuania. They were promoted to League B after recording 13 points in six games. Their Nations League success not only rewarded them a playoff place should they fail to qualify directly,[55] but also an easier draw in Group D with Croatia, Wales, Armenia, and Latvia. They subsequently qualified directly on 16 October 2023 and finished first on 19 November 2023.[56][57][58]

Turkey took part in Euro 2024 Group F together with Portugal, Czech Republic and play-off winner Georgia and finished the group in 2nd place. The team reached the quarter-finals by beating Austria 2–1, then lost to the Netherlands 2–1 and finished the tournament in 5th place.[59]

2030s

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Turkey is set to take part of the UEFA Euro 2032 having automatically qualified as co-host along with Italy who also automatically qualified as co-host.

Kit suppliers

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turkey national football team kits.

Turkey's kit colors were home red kits and white away kits, manufactured by Adidas, from 1982 to 2002. Nike became the manufacturer in 2003. 17 years later, they switched their kit colors to white for home kits and red as the away color.

Kit provider Period
  Adidas 1982–2002
  Nike 2003–present

Rivalries

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Main article: Greece–Turkey football rivalry

Turkey has developed several notable rivalries, the most well-known being Croatia,[60] and Greece, with a smaller rivalry against Armenia.[61]

Turkey and Croatia have played each other nine times,[62] with their first encounter at Euro 1996; where both countries made their debuts in the opening match, which Croatia won 1–0.[63] In Euro 2008, Turkey won on penalties after a 1–1 deadlock. The two teams faced each other in the 2012 Euro qualifying play-offs, with Croatia winning 3–0 in the first-leg in Istanbul, and advancing to the tournament finals following a 0–0 draw in the second-leg.[64][65] The two teams faced each other once again in a European competition at Euro 2016, playing in the opening match of Group D, with Croatia winning 1–0.[66][67] Only three months after the Euros, the two teams played in their opening match in Group I of 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying, which finished 1–1.[68] Exactly one year later, Turkey won the reverse fixture 1–0 at home, which played a key part in both countries' qualifying campaigns, although Turkey would not qualify for the World Cup while Croatia would finish runners-up behind France.[69][70] Turkey and Croatia would again face each other during the UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying campaign, where Turkey managed to shock Croatia with a 1–0 win away as the Turks managed to top the table of a qualification group for the first time in their history, whereas Croatia, despite a 2–0 away win earlier to Turkey, had struggled with a rather poor performance and only managed to qualify at the last hurdle.[71][72]

Turkey also has a historical rivalry with Greece. Playing 14 times, Turkey won eight matches, drew thrice, and lost only three games.[73] Both countries have been described as "punching above their weight", with Greece winning Euro 2004 after being classified as underdogs before the competition, and Turkey advancing to the semi-finals of Euro 2008, where they were knocked out by Germany. Due to tension between the two countries and the dispute over Cyprus, coupled with several incidents occurring during matches between Turkish and Greek clubs, it has been described as one of the biggest international football rivalries.[74]

Results and fixtures

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Main article: Turkey national football team results
Main article: Turkey national football team results (2020–present)

The following is a list of Turkey's match results in the last twelve months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2023

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21 November UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Wales   1–1   Turkey Cardiff, Wales
19:45 GMT (UTC+00:00)
Report
Stadium: Cardiff City Stadium
Attendance: 32,291[75]
Referee: Matej Jug (Slovenia)

2024

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22 March Friendly Hungary   1–0   Turkey Budapest, Hungary
20:45 CET (UTC+01:00) Szoboszlai   48' (pen.) Report Stadium: Puskas Arena
Attendance: 54,444[76]
Referee: Bartosz Frankowski (Poland)
26 March Friendly Austria   6–1   Turkey Vienna, Austria
20:45 CET (UTC+01:00)
Report
Stadium: Ernst-Happel-Stadion
Attendance: 38,500[77]
Referee: Daniele Chiffi (Italy)
4 June Friendly Italy   0–0   Turkey Bologna, Italy
21:00 CEST (UTC+02:00) Report Stadium: Stadio Renato Dall'Ara
Attendance: 25,012[78]
Referee: Sebastian Gishamer (Austria)
10 June Friendly Poland   2–1   Turkey Warsaw, Poland
20:45 CEST (UTC+02:00)
Report
Stadium: Kazimierz Górski National Stadium
Attendance: 48,677[79]
Referee: Balázs Berke (Hungary)
18 June UEFA Euro 2024 Group F Turkey   3–1   Georgia Dortmund, Germany
18:00 CEST (UTC+02:00)
Report
Stadium: Westfalenstadion
Attendance: 59,127[80]
Referee: Facundo Tello (Argentina)
22 June UEFA Euro 2024 Group F Turkey   0–3   Portugal Dortmund, Germany
18:00 CEST (UTC+02:00) Report
Stadium: Westfalenstadion
Attendance: 61,047[81]
Referee: Felix Zwayer (Germany)
26 June UEFA Euro 2024 Group F Czech Republic   1–2   Turkey Hamburg, Germany
21:00 CEST (UTC+02:00)
Report
Stadium: Volksparkstadion
Attendance: 47,683[82]
Referee: István Kovács (Romania)
2 July UEFA Euro 2024 Round of 16 Austria   1–2   Turkey Leipzig, Germany
21:00
Report
Stadium: Red Bull Arena
Attendance: 38,305[83]
Referee: Artur Soares Dias (Portugal)
6 July UEFA Euro 2024 Quarter-finals Netherlands   2–1   Turkey Berlin, Germany
21:00 CEST
Report
Stadium: Olympiastadion
Attendance: 70,091[84]
Referee: Clément Turpin (France)
6 September 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Wales   0–0   Turkey Cardiff, Wales
19:45 BST (UTC+01:00) Report Stadium: Cardiff City Stadium
Attendance: 28,625[85]
Referee: Rohit Saggi (Norway)
9 September 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Turkey   3–1   Iceland İzmir, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report
Stadium: Gürsel Aksel Stadium
Attendance: 16,167[86]
Referee: Enea Jorgji (Albania)
11 October 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Turkey   1–0   Montenegro Samsun, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report Stadium: Samsun 19 Mayıs Stadium
Attendance: 28,829[87]
Referee: Daniele Chiffi (Italy)
14 October 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Iceland   2–4   Turkey Reykjavík, Iceland
18:45 UTC±0
Report
Stadium: Laugardalsvöllur
Attendance: 5,260[88]
Referee: Damian Sylwestrzak (Poland)
16 November 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Turkey   0–0   Wales Kayseri, Turkey
20:00 TRT (UTC+03:00) Report Stadium: Kadir Has Stadium
Attendance: 28,812[89]
Referee: Juan Martínez Munuera (Spain)
19 November 2024–25 UEFA Nations League B Montenegro   3–1   Turkey Podgorica, Montenegro
20:45 CET (UTC+01:00)
Report
Stadium: Podgorica City Stadium
Attendance: 2,579
Referee: Urs Schnyder (Switzerland)

2025

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20 March 2024–25 UEFA Nations League promotion/relegation play-offs Turkey   – TBD Turkey
--:-- Stadium: TBD
23 March 2024–25 UEFA Nations League promotion/relegation play-offs TBD –   Turkey TBD
--:-- Stadium: TBD

Coaching staff

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Main article: List of Turkey national football team managers
As of 21 September 2023.[90]
Position Name
Head coach   Vincenzo Montella
Assistant coaches[91]   Daniele Russo
  Selçuk Şahin
Goalkeeping coaches   Ozan Özerkan
  Emrah Karakovan
Fitness coach   Pierpaolo Polino
  Ömür Serdal Altunsöz
  Vural Durmuş
Match analyst   Massimo Crivellaro
  Okan Aydıner
Team manager[d]   Ceyhun Kazanci

Players

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Current squad

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The following players were called up for 2024–25 UEFA Nations League matches against Wales and Montenegro on 16 and 19 November 2024, respectively.[93][94][95]

Caps and goals are correct as of 16 November 2024, after the match against   Wales.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club
1 1GK Mert Günok (1989-03-01) 1 March 1989 (age 35) 36 0   Beşiktaş
12 1GK Altay Bayındır (1998-04-14) 14 April 1998 (age 26) 10 0   Manchester United
23 1GK Uğurcan Çakır (1996-04-05) 5 April 1996 (age 28) 29 0   Trabzonspor
1GK Muhammed Şengezer (1997-01-05) 5 January 1997 (age 27) 0 0   Başakşehir
2 2DF Zeki Çelik (1997-02-17) 17 February 1997 (age 27) 53 2   Roma
3 2DF Merih Demiral (1998-03-05) 5 March 1998 (age 26) 52 4   Al-Ahli
4 2DF Samet Akaydin (1994-03-13) 13 March 1994 (age 30) 11 1   Fenerbahçe
13 2DF Eren Elmalı (2000-07-07) 7 July 2000 (age 24) 13 0   Trabzonspor
15 2DF Emirhan Topçu (2000-10-11) 11 October 2000 (age 24) 1 0   Beşiktaş
18 2DF Mert Müldür (1999-04-03) 3 April 1999 (age 25) 32 2   Fenerbahçe
14 2DF Yasin Özcan (2006-04-20) 20 April 2006 (age 18) 0 0   Kasımpaşa
2DF Gökhan Sazdağı (1994-09-20) 20 September 1994 (age 30) 0 0   Kayserispor
5 3MF Okay Yokuşlu (1994-03-09) 9 March 1994 (age 30) 46 1   Trabzonspor
6 3MF Orkun Kökçü (2000-12-29) 29 December 2000 (age 23) 37 2   Benfica
8 3MF Arda Güler (2005-02-25) 25 February 2005 (age 19) 17 3   Real Madrid
10 3MF Hakan Çalhanoğlu (captain) (1994-02-08) 8 February 1994 (age 30) 95 20   Inter Milan
16 3MF İsmail Yüksek (1999-01-26) 26 January 1999 (age 25) 20 1   Fenerbahçe
21 3MF Doğucan Haspolat (2000-02-11) 11 February 2000 (age 24) 0 0   Westerlo
22 3MF Kaan Ayhan (vice-captain) (1994-11-10) 10 November 1994 (age 30) 67 5   Galatasaray
7 4FW Kerem Aktürkoğlu (1998-10-21) 21 October 1998 (age 26) 39 10   Benfica
9 4FW Enes Ünal (1997-05-10) 10 May 1997 (age 27) 34 3   Bournemouth
11 4FW Barış Alper Yılmaz (2000-05-23) 23 May 2000 (age 24) 23 2   Galatasaray
17 3MF Yunus Akgün (2000-07-07) 7 July 2000 (age 24) 12 2   Galatasaray
4FW Bertuğ Yıldırım (2002-01-12) 12 January 2002 (age 22) 5 2   Getafe
20 4FW Semih Kılıçsoy (2005-08-15) 15 August 2005 (age 19) 3 0   Beşiktaş
19 4FW Kenan Yıldız (2005-05-04) 4 May 2005 (age 19) 16 1   Juventus
4FW Cihan Çanak (2005-01-24) 24 January 2005 (age 19) 0 0   Trabzonspor

Recent call-ups

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The following players have also been called up to the team within the last twelve months.

Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up
GK Emre BilginTRA (2004-02-26) 26 February 2004 (age 20) 0 0   Fatih Karagümrük v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
GK Berke Özer (2000-05-25) 25 May 2000 (age 24) 0 0   Eyüpspor v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
GK Doğan AlemdarINJ (2002-10-29) 29 October 2002 (age 22) 2 0   Stade Rennais v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
GK Jankat YılmazTRA (2004-08-16) 16 August 2004 (age 20) 0 0   Adanaspor v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
GK Deniz DilmenTRA (2005-06-05) 5 June 2005 (age 19) 0 0   Başakşehir v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
GK Okan Kocuk (1995-07-27) 27 July 1995 (age 29) 0 0   Samsunspor v.   Austria, 26 March 2024
DF Abdülkerim BardakcıSUS (1994-09-07) 7 September 1994 (age 30) 17 1   Galatasaray v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
DF Çağlar SöyüncüINJ (1996-05-23) 23 May 1996 (age 28) 56 2   Fenerbahçe v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
DF Ferdi KadıoğluINJ (1999-10-07) 7 October 1999 (age 25) 22 1   Brighton v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
DF Ozan KabakINJ (2000-03-25) 25 March 2000 (age 24) 26 2   Hoffenheim v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
DF Cenk ÖzkacarINJ (2000-10-06) 6 October 2000 (age 24) 9 0   Real Valladolid v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
DF Metehan BaltacıTRA (2002-11-03) 3 November 2002 (age 22) 0 0   Galatasaray v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
DF Emrecan TerziTRA (2004-01-05) 5 January 2004 (age 20) 0 0   Beşiktaş v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
DF Ahmetcan Kaplan (2003-01-16) 16 January 2003 (age 21) 0 0   Ajax UEFA Euro 2024
DF Serdar SaatçıTRA (2002-02-14) 14 February 2002 (age 22) 0 0   Braga UEFA Euro 2024PRE
DF Uğur YıldızTRA (2002-08-06) 6 August 2002 (age 22) 0 0   Keçiörengücü UEFA Euro 2024PRE
DF Rıdvan Yılmaz (2001-05-21) 21 May 2001 (age 23) 7 0   Rangers v.   Austria, 26 March 2024
MF Yunus KonakTRA (2006-01-10) 10 January 2006 (age 18) 0 0   Brentford v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
MF İrfan KahveciINJ (1995-07-15) 15 July 1995 (age 29) 37 4   Fenerbahçe v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
MF Atakan Karazor (1996-10-13) 13 October 1996 (age 28) 0 0   Stuttgart v.   Montenegro, 11 October 2024
MF Salih Özcan (1998-01-11) 11 January 1998 (age 26) 22 0   Wolfsburg v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
MF Can Uzun (2005-11-11) 11 November 2005 (age 19) 1 0   Eintracht Frankfurt v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
MF Bartuğ ElmazTRA (2003-02-17) 17 February 2003 (age 21) 0 0   Fenerbahçe v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
MF Yusuf Özdemir (2001-01-10) 10 January 2001 (age 23) 0 0   Alanyaspor v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
MF Berat Özdemir (1998-05-23) 23 May 1998 (age 26) 4 0   Başakşehir UEFA Euro 2024PRE
FW Ahmed KutucuINJ (2000-03-01) 1 March 2000 (age 24) 2 0   Eyüpspor v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
FW Deniz GülINJ (2004-07-02) 2 July 2004 (age 20) 0 0   Porto v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
FW Eren DinkçiINJ (2001-12-13) 13 December 2001 (age 22) 0 0   Freiburg v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
FW Mustafa HekimoğluTRA (2007-04-22) 22 April 2007 (age 17) 0 0   Beşiktaş v.   Wales, 16 November 2024
FW Umut Nayir (1993-06-28) 28 June 1993 (age 31) 4 1   Konyaspor v.   Wales, 6 September 2024
FW Cenk Tosun (1991-06-07) 7 June 1991 (age 33) 53 21   Fenerbahçe UEFA Euro 2024
FW Yusuf YazıcıINJ (1997-01-29) 29 January 1997 (age 27) 45 3   Olympiacos UEFA Euro 2024
FW Abdülkadir Ömür (1999-06-25) 25 June 1999 (age 25) 14 0   Hull City UEFA Euro 2024PRE
FW Oğuz Aydın (2000-10-27) 27 October 2000 (age 24) 1 0   Fenerbahçe UEFA Euro 2024PRE
FW Enis DestanTRA (2002-06-15) 15 June 2002 (age 22) 0 0   Trabzonspor UEFA Euro 2024PRE
FW Cengiz ÜnderINJ (1997-07-14) 14 July 1997 (age 27) 51 16   Fenerbahçe v.   Hungary, 22 March 2024
Notes
  • PRE = Preliminary squad/standby.
  • INJ = Not part of the current squad due to injury.
  • SUS = Player is suspended.
  • RET = Retired from international football.
  • TRA = Player is included for training purposes only.

Player records

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Main article: List of Turkey international footballers
Main article: Turkey national football team records and statistics
As of 16 November 2024[96][97]
Players in bold are still active with the Turkey national team.

Most appearances

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Rüştü Reçber is Turkey's most-capped player with 120 appearances.
Rank Player Caps Goals Career
1 Rüştü Reçber 120 0 1994–2012
2 Hakan Şükür 112 51 1992–2007
3 Bülent Korkmaz 102 2 1990–2005
4 Emre Belözoğlu 101 9 2000–2019
5 Arda Turan 100 17 2006–2017
6 Hakan Çalhanoğlu 95 20 2013–present
7 Tugay Kerimoğlu 94 2 1990–2007
8 Alpay Özalan 90 4 1995–2005
9 Hamit Altıntop 82 7 2004–2014
10 Mehmet Topal 81 2 2008–2018

Top goalscorers

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Hakan Şükür is Turkey's top scorer with 51 goals.
Rank Player Goals Caps Ratio Career
1 Hakan Şükür 51 112 0.46 1992–2007
2 Burak Yılmaz 31 77 0.4 2006–2022
3 Tuncay Şanlı 22 80 0.28 2002–2010
4 Lefter Küçükandonyadis 21 46 0.46 1948–1963
Cenk Tosun 21 53 0.4 2013–present
6 Hakan Çalhanoğlu 20 95 0.21 2013–present
7 Metin Oktay 19 36 0.53 1956–1968
Cemil Turan 19 44 0.43 1969–1979
Nihat Kahveci 19 68 0.28 2000–2011
10 Arda Turan 17 100 0.17 2006–2017

Most clean sheets

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Rank Player Clean sheets Caps Ratio Career
1 Rüştü Reçber 58 120 0.48 1994–2012
2 Volkan Demirel 22 63 0.35 2004–2014
3 Turgay Şeren 16 46 0.35 1950–1966
4 Volkan Babacan 15 35 0.43 2014–2018
Mert Günok 15 36 0.42 2012–present
6 Ömer Çatkıç 10 19 0.53 2000–2005
Engin İpekoğlu 10 32 0.31 1989–1999
8 Uğurcan Çakır 9 27 0.33 2019–present
9 Sabri Dino 7 12 0.58 1969–1975
Sinan Bolat 7 12 0.58 2009–2019

Centuriate goals

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Selçuk İnan scored Turkey's 700th overall goal in November 2015.

As of 29 September 2020.[98][99]

Goal no. Date Scorer Opponent Result
1st 26 October 1923 Zeki Rıza Sporel   Romania 2–2
100th 23 June 1954 Mustafa Ertan   West Germany 2–7
200th 14 February 1973 Osman Arpacıoğlu   Algeria 4–0
300th 27 February 1991 Uğur Tütüneker   Yugoslavia 1–1
400th 27 March 1999 Sergen Yalçın   Moldova 2–0
500th 9 October 2004 Fatih Tekke   Kazakhstan 4–0
600th 5 September 2009 Arda Turan   Estonia 4–2
700th 3 September 2015 Selçuk İnan   Latvia 1–1
800th 13 November 2021 Kerem Aktürkoğlu   Gibraltar 6–0

Competitive record

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FIFA World Cup

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Main article: Turkey at the FIFA World Cup
FIFA World Cup record Qualification record
Year Result Position Pld W D* L GF GA Squad Pld W D L GF GA
  1930 Did not enter Did not enter
  1934 Withdrew Withdrew
  1938 Did not enter Did not enter
  1950 Qualified but withdrew 1 1 0 0 7 0
  1954 Group stage 9th 3 1 0 2 10 11 Squad 3 1 1 1 4 6
  1958 Withdrew Withdrew
  1962 Did not qualify 4 2 0 2 4 4
  1966 6 1 0 5 4 19
  1970 4 0 0 4 2 13
  1974 6 2 2 2 5 3
  1978 6 2 1 3 9 5
  1982 8 0 0 8 1 22
  1986 8 0 1 7 2 24
  1990 8 3 1 4 12 10
  1994 10 3 1 6 11 19
  1998 8 4 2 2 21 9
    2002 Third place 3rd 7 4 1 2 10 6 Squad 12 8 3 1 24 8
  2006 Did not qualify 14 7 5 2 27 13
  2010 10 4 3 3 13 10
  2014 10 5 1 4 16 9
  2018 10 4 3 3 14 13
  2022 11 6 3 2 28 19
      2026 To be determined To be determined
      2030
  2034
Total Third place 2/22 10 5 1 4 20 17 — 139 53 27 59 204 206

UEFA European Championship

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Main article: Turkey at the UEFA European Championship
UEFA European Championship record Qualification record
Year Result Position Pld W D* L GF GA Squad Pld W D L GF GA
  1960 Did not qualify 2 1 0 1 2 3
  1964 2 0 0 2 0 7
  1968 6 1 2 3 3 8
  1972 6 2 1 3 5 13
  1976 6 2 2 2 5 10
  1980 6 3 1 2 5 5
  1984 8 3 1 4 8 16
  1988 6 0 2 4 2 16
  1992 6 0 0 6 1 14
  1996 Group stage 16th 3 0 0 3 0 5 Squad 8 4 3 1 16 8
    2000 Quarter-finals 6th 4 1 1 2 3 4 Squad 10 5 4 1 16 7
  2004 Did not qualify 10 6 2 2 19 8
    2008 Semi-finals 3rd 5 2 1 2 8 9 Squad 12 7 3 2 25 11
    2012 Did not qualify 12 5 3 4 13 14
  2016 Group stage 17th 3 1 0 2 2 4 Squad 10 5 3 2 14 9
  2020 24th 3 0 0 3 1 8 Squad 10 7 2 1 18 3
  2024 Quarter-finals 7th 5 3 0 2 8 8 Squad 8 5 2 1 14 7
    2028 To be determined To be determined
    2032 Qualified as co-hosts Qualified as co-hosts
Total Semi-finals 6/19 23 7 2 14 22 38 128 56 31 41 166 159

UEFA Nations League

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UEFA Nations League record
Season Division Group Pld W D* L GF GA P/R RK
2018–19 B 2 4 1 0 3 4 7   22nd
2020–21 B 3 6 1 3 2 6 8   29th
2022–23 C 1 6 4 1 1 18 5   35th
2024–25 B 4 To be determined
Total 16 6 4 6 28 20 22nd

FIFA Confederations Cup

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Main article: Turkey at the FIFA Confederations Cup
FIFA Confederations Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA Squad
  1992 Did not qualify
  1995
  1997
  1999
    2001
  2003 Third place 3rd 5 2 1 2 8 8 Squad
  2005 Did not qualify
  2009
  2013
  2017
Total Third place 1/10 5 2 1 2 8 8 —

Olympic Games

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Main article: Football at the Summer Olympics
 
Turkey at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris
 
Turkey at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam

For 1968–1988 see this page. Football at the Summer Olympics has been an under-23 tournament since 1992.

Olympic Games record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA Squad
  1924 Round 1 13th 1 0 0 1 2 5 Squad
  1928 14th 1 0 0 1 1 7 Squad
  1936 15th 1 0 0 1 0 1 Squad
  1948 Quarter-finals 6th 2 1 0 1 5 3 Squad
  1952 8th 2 1 0 1 3 8 Squad
  1956 Withdrew
  1960 Round 1 14th 3 0 1 2 3 10 Squad
  1964 Did not qualify
  1968
  1972
  1976
  1980
  1984 Withdrew
  1988 Did not qualify
Since 1992 See Turkey national under-23 football team
Total Quarter-finals 6/14 10 2 1 7 14 34 —

Mediterranean Games

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Main article: Turkey national football B team
Mediterranean Games record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
  1951 Did not participate
  1955
  1959 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 1 0 7 4
  1963 Runners-up 2nd 5 3 1 1 12 7
  1967 Fourth place 4th 5 2 1 2 5 7
  1971 Third place 3rd 4 3 1 0 4 1
 1975 Group stage 7th 4 0 2 2 1 5
  1979 Group stage 5th 3 1 1 1 2 2
  1983 Runners-up 2nd 4 2 0 2 4 5
  1987 Third place 3rd 5 3 0 2 6 2
1991–present See Turkey national under-20 football team
Total Runners-up 8/10 32 15 7 10 41 33

Mediterranean Cup

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Main article: Mediterranean Cup
Mediterranean Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
  1949 Runners-up 2nd 3 2 0 1 7 6
1950–53 Fourth place 4th 3 6 1 1 4 4
1953–58 Fourth place 4th 8 2 3 3 7 7
Total Runners-up 3/3 14 10 4 5 18 17

Balkan Cup

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Main article: Balkan Cup
Balkan Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
1929–31 Did not participate
  1931 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 0 1 3 5
  1932 Did not participate
  1933
  1934–35
  1935
  1936
  1946
1947
1948
1973–76 Semi-finals 4th 2 1 0 1 6 7
1977–80 Group stage 3rd 4 1 1 2 4 8
Total Runners-up 3/12 8 3 1 4 13 20

ECO Cup

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Main article: ECO Cup
ECO Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
  1965 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 1 0 3 1
  1967 Champions 1st 4 2 2 0 8 4
  1969 Champions 1st 4 2 2 0 8 2
  1970 Runners-up 2nd 3 2 1 0 4 2
  1974 Champions 1st 3 2 1 0 3 2
  1993 Did not participate
Total 3 titles 5/6 16 9 7 0 26 11

Head-to-head record

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Main article: Turkey national football team results

The following table shows Turkey's all-time international record, as of 19 November 2024.

  Positive record
  Neutral record
  Negative record

Opponents Pld W D L GF GA GD
  Albania 12 6 2 4 13 14 -1
  Algeria 3 1 0 2 4 2 +2
  Andorra 4 4 0 0 10 0 +10
  Angola 1 1 0 0 3 2 +1
  Armenia 4 3 1 0 7 2 +5
  Australia 2 2 0 0 4 1 +3
  Austria 18 8 1 9 25 25 0
  Azerbaijan 8 6 1 1 11 3 +8
  Belarus 4 2 1 1 8 7 +1
  Belgium 11 3 5 3 17 18 -1
  Bosnia and Herzegovina 6 2 2 2 6 7 -1
  Brazil 6 0 2 4 3 10 -7
  Bulgaria 22 7 6 9 34 39 -5
  Cameroon 1 0 0 1 0 1 -1
  Canada 2 2 0 0 6 1 +5
  Chile 3 2 1 0 3 0 +3
  China 2 2 0 0 7 0 +7
  Colombia 1 1 0 0 2 1 +1
  Costa Rica 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
  Croatia 12 2 6 4 11 15 -4
  Czech Republic[note 1] 22 7 3 12 22 46 -24
  Denmark 10 2 5 3 9 12 -3
  East Germany 5 3 1 1 10 5 +5
  Ecuador 1 0 0 1 0 1 -1
  Egypt 6 4 0 2 13 10 +3
  England 11 0 2 9 1 33 -32
  Estonia 8 5 3 0 17 4 +13
  Ethiopia 2 1 1 0 3 0 +3
  Faroe Islands 3 1 1 1 6 3 +3
  Finland 15 5 4 6 24 22 +2
  France 6 1 1 4 5 13 -8
  Georgia 6 4 1 1 15 6 +9
  Germany[note 2] 22 4 4 14 16 52 -36
  Ghana 2 0 2 0 3 3 0
  Gibraltar 2 2 0 0 9 0 +9
  Greece 14 9 2 3 22 11 +11
  Guinea 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
  Honduras 3 3 0 0 5 0 +5
  Hungary 15 4 2 9 17 32 -15
  Iceland 15 4 3 8 18 26 -8
  Iran 7 5 2 0 14 2 +12
  Iraq 3 2 1 0 8 1 +7
  Israel 6 4 0 2 9 12 -3
  Italy 16 0 5 11 10 29 -19
  Ivory Coast 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
  Japan 3 1 0 2 3 5 -2
  Kazakhstan 6 6 0 0 19 2 +17
  Kosovo 2 2 0 0 6 1 +5
  Latvia 10 4 5 1 22 15 +7
  Libya 2 0 1 1 2 3 -1
  Liechtenstein 2 2 0 0 9 0 +9
  Lithuania 2 2 0 0 8 0 +8
  Luxembourg 9 7 1 1 18 9 +9
  Malaysia 1 1 0 0 3 0 +3
  Malta 6 5 1 0 15 4 +11
  Moldova 13 11 2 0 35 3 +32
  Montenegro 6 3 2 1 9 8 +1
  Netherlands 15 4 4 7 15 23 -8
  New Zealand 1 1 0 0 2 1 +1
  North Macedonia 8 5 2 1 14 9 +5
  Northern Ireland 12 5 2 5 12 12 0
  Norway 11 5 3 3 15 16 -1
  Pakistan 5 4 1 0 20 10 +10
  Paraguay 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
  Poland 18 3 3 12 13 41 -28
  Portugal 10 2 0 8 9 22 -13
  Qatar 1 1 0 0 2 1 +1
  Republic of Ireland 14 3 6 5 16 27 -11
  Romania 26 5 7 14 24 49 -25
  Russia[note 3] 22 3 3 16 12 39 -27
  San Marino 4 3 1 0 16 1 +15
  Saudi Arabia 3 3 0 0 6 1 +5
  Scotland 2 2 0 0 4 2 +2
  Senegal 1 1 0 0 1 0 +1
  Slovakia 6 4 1 1 8 3 +5
  Slovenia 2 1 0 1 1 2 -1
  South Africa 1 0 0 1 0 2 -2
  South Korea 7 4 2 1 13 4 +9
  Spain 11 1 4 6 5 17 -12
  Serbia[note 4] 12 1 5 6 16 28 -12
  Sweden 12 5 4 3 15 14 +1
   Switzerland 16 8 3 5 22 23 -1
  Syria 1 1 0 0 7 0 +7
  Tunisia 5 1 4 0 6 3 +3
  Ukraine 9 4 3 2 11 9 +2
  United States 4 1 1 2 5 6 -1
  Uruguay 1 0 0 1 2 3 -1
  Uzbekistan 1 1 0 0 2 0 +2
  Wales 12 4 4 4 11 12 -1
Total (91) 640 254 150 237 886 903 -13
  1. ^ Includes the results of   Czechoslovakia.
  2. ^ Includes the results of   West Germany.
  3. ^ Includes the results of   Soviet Union.
  4. ^ Includes the results of   Yugoslavia.

Honours

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Major competitions

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Regional

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Friendly

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  • ECO Cup
    •   Champions (3): 1967, 1969, 1974
    •   Runners-up (2): 1965, 1970

Summary

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Competition       Total
FIFA World Cup 0 0 1 1
FIFA Confederations Cup 0 0 1 1
UEFA European Championship 0 0 0[f] 0
Total 0 0 2 2

Decoration

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In 2002, the national team was honored with the Turkish "State Medal of Distinguished Service" for their third place achievement at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. All the team members, coaches and officials were given medals.[102]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Since the Republic was not formally declared by the time of the event, the game was played between Romania and TFF. The city also was not consistently known as Istanbul in the English-speaking world until 1930.
  2. ^ Although there was no third-place play-off match, UEFA decided to award the defeated semi-finalists of Euro 2008 with bronze medals. [4]
  3. ^ Turkey withdrew due to financial reasons.[9][10]
  4. ^ The official title held by Altıntop is "Executive Board Member, about National Team, "Hope" U-21 National Teams and Junior National Teams Manager.[92]
  5. ^ Although there was no third-place play-off match, UEFA decided to award the defeated semi-finalists of Euro 2008 with bronze medals. [100]
  6. ^ Although there was no third-place play-off match, UEFA decided to award the defeated semi-finalists of Euro 2008 with bronze medals. [101]

References

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  • Yüce, Mehmet (2016). Romantik Yürekler: Futbol Tarihimizin Yeni Devreleri: 1952-1992 Türkiye Futbol Tarihi 3. Cilt (in Turkish). Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları. ISBN 9789750519932.
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