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Ubon Ratchathani province

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Ubon Ratchathani (Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔù.bōn râːt.tɕʰā.tʰāː.nīː]; Northeastern Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔǔ.bōn lâːt.sā.tʰa᷇ː.ni᷇ː]), often shortened to Ubon (อุบลฯ), is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces lies in lower northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Ubon is about 630 km (390 mi) from Bangkok.[6] Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise) Sisaket, Yasothon, and Amnat Charoen. To the north and east it borders Salavan and Champasak of Laos, to the south Preah Vihear of Cambodia.

Ubon Ratchathani
อุบลราชธานี
Province
From left to right, top to bottom : Pha Taem National Park, Wat Phra That Nong Bua, Prasat Ban Ben, Sam Phan Bok, Ubon Ratchathani University, Thung Si Mueang
Flag of Ubon Ratchathani
Flag
Official seal of Ubon Ratchathani
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Ubon
Mueang Dokbua
(city of lotuses)
Motto(s): 
อุบลเมืองดอกบัวงาม แม่น้ำสองสี มีปลาแซ่บหลาย หาดทรายแก่งหิน ถิ่นไทยนักปราชญ์ ทวยราษฎร์ใฝ่ธรรม งามล้ำเทียนพรรษา ผาแต้มก่อนประวัติศาสตร์ ฉลาดภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่น ดินแดนอนุสาวรีย์คนดีศรีอุบล
("Ubon, the city of beautiful lotuses. Bicoloured river. Delicious fish. Sandy beaches and rocky rapids. Home of the scholars. The people revering Dharma. Beautiful Thain Phansa festival. Prehistoric Pha Taem. Smart local knowledge. Land of the monumental, great peoples of Ubon.")
Map of Thailand highlighting Ubon Ratchathani province
Map of Thailand highlighting Ubon Ratchathani province
CountryThailand
CapitalMueang Ubon Ratchathani
Government
 • GovernorChonlatee Yangtrong
(since October 2022)[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total
15,626 km2 (6,033 sq mi)
 • RankRanked 5th
Population
 (2022)[3]
 • Total
1,869,806
 • RankRanked 3rd
 • Density120/km2 (300/sq mi)
  • RankRanked 41st
Human Achievement Index
[4]
 • HAI (2022)0.6272 "somewhat low"
Ranked 60th
GDP
[5]
 • Totalbaht 120 billion
(US$4.0 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
34xxx
Calling code045
ISO 3166 codeTH-34
Websitewww.ubonratchathani.go.th

Geography

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Mekong River in Khong Chiam

At Khong Chiam the Mun River, the biggest river of the Khorat Plateau, joins the Mekong, which forms the northeastern boundary of Thailand with Laos. It is called "Maenam Song Si" or the "Mun River alluvium" because the brown water from Mekong River mixes with the blue water of the Mun. It is about 84 km (52 mi) from Ubon Ratchathani city centre.[7]

The area in the Dângrêk Mountains where the borders of the three countries, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia meet is promoted as the "Emerald Triangle", in contrast to the "Golden Triangle" in the north of Thailand. "Emerald" refers to the largely intact monsoon forests there. The total forest area is 2,808 km2 (1,084 sq mi) or 18 percent of provincial area.[2]

History

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The city was founded in the late 18th century by Thao Kham Phong, descendant of Phra Wo and Phra Ta, who escaped from King Siribunsan of Vientiane into Siam Kingdom during the reign of King Taksin the Great. Later Thao Kham Phong was appointed to be "Phra Pathum Wongsa" The first ruler of Ubon Ratchathani. In 1792, Ubon Ratchathani became a province, and was also the administrative center of the monthon Isan.

Until 1972, Ubon Ratchathani was the largest province of Thailand by area. Yasothon was split off from Ubon Ratchathani in 1972, followed by Amnat Charoen in 1993.

Before it became a province. Ubon Ratchathani was the administrative center of the monthon Isan, of which monthon Ubon was split off. In 1925 it became part of monthon Nakhon Ratchasima, with the abolishment of the monthon in 1933 the province became a first level subdivision of the country.

Symbols

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The provincial seal shows a lotus flower in a pond. This alludes to the meaning of the name of the province, which translates to 'royal city of the lotus flower'. The provincial flower is the lotus (Nymphaea lotus). The provincial tree is the Yang-na (Dipterocarpus alatus). Black-eared catfish (Pangasius larnaudii) is the provincial aquatic animal.

Economy

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Ubon Ratchathani is the nation's leading rice-producing province. It earns more than 10 billion baht a year from rice sales.[8]

Ubonratchathani has many coffee cafes around the city in both downtown and in the rural area. This business runs the city lively. People tend to hang out on the weekend.

National parks

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Sirindhorn Reservoir, Sirindhorn District

Ubon Ratchathani boasts the following national parks:

  • Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park is in the mountainous southern region of the province.[9]
  • Kaeng Tana National Park is in Khong Chiam District.[10]
  • Pha Taem National Park, plateaus and hills dominate the park landscape. The sheer cliffs here are a result of earthquakes. The interesting places in the national park are Pha Taem and Pha Kham. On the cliffs surfaces are numerous prehistoric cave paintings from 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. These paintings depict scenes of fishing, rice farming, figures of people, animals, hands and geometric designs that depict life during the pre-historic time and reflect the ancient lifestyle of the people who lived there.[11][12]

There are four national parks, along with two other national parks, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.

Wildlife sanctuaries

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There are two wildlife sanctuaries, along with four other wildlife sanctuaries, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.

Health

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The main hospital of Ubon Ratchathani province is Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital.

Transportation

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Air

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Ubon Ratchathani University Gate, Warin Chamrap District
Main article: Ubon Ratchathani Airport

Ubon Ratchathani is served by Ubon Ratchathani Airport.

Rail

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Ubon Ratchathani Railway Station is the main railway station in Ubon Ratchathani.

Education

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Ubon Ratchathani province is the home of Ubon Ratchathani University.

Administrative divisions

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Provincial government

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Ubon Ratchathani with 25 districts

The province is divided into 25 districts (amphoe). The districts are further divided into 219 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,469 villages (mubans).

1. Mueang Ubon Ratchathani
2. Si Mueang Mai
3. Khong Chiam
4. Khueang Nai
5. Khemarat
6. Det Udom
7. Na Chaluai
8. Nam Yuen
9. Buntharik
10. Trakan Phuet Phon
11. Kut Khaopun
12. Muang Sam Sip
13. Warin Chamrap
14. Phibun Mangsahan
15. Tan Sum
16. Pho Sai
17. Samrong
18. Don Mot Daeng
19. Sirindhorn
20. Thung Si Udom
21. Na Yia
22. Na Tan
23. Lao Suea Kok
24. Sawang Wirawong
25. Nam Khun

Municipalities

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No. City/Town Thai Urban Population[15] Notes
1. Ubon Ratchathani เทศบาลนครอุบลราชธานี 79,023
Former capital of the province
2. Jaeramair เทศบาลเมืองแจระแม 11,092
New capital and exurb of Ubon Ratchathani
3. Kham Yai เทศบาลตำบลขามใหญ่ 34,538
Exurb of Ubon Ratchathani
4. Warin Chamrap เทศบาลเมืองวารินชำราบ 28,154
Educational, railway terminal
5. Saen Suk เทศบาลตำบลแสนสุข 24,720
Exurb, Warin Chamrap
6. Det Udom เทศบาลเมืองเดชอุดม 14,264
Main provincial southern city
7. Kud Prathay เทศบาลตำบลกุดประทาย 13,382
8. Kholaen เทศบาลตำบลคอแลน 12,703
9. Thep Wongsa เทศบาลตำบลเทพวงศา
10. Phibun Mangsahan เทศบาลเมืองพิบูลมังสาหาร 10,842
Main provincial eastern city
11. Pathum เทศบาลตำบลปทุม 10,505
Exurb, Ubon Ratchathani
12. Nong Phue เทศบาลตำบลหนองผือ 9,685
13. Trakan เทศบาลตำบลตระการ 9,082
Main provincial northern city
14. Nam Yuen เทศบาลตำบลน้ำยืน 9,542
15. Kham Pom เทศบาลตำบลขามป้อม 9,209
16. Nikhom Sang Ton Eng Lum Dom Noi เทศบาลตำบลนิมคมสร้างตนเองลำโดมน้อย 7,538
17. Na Chaluay เทศบาลตำบลนาจะหลวย 7,470
18. Buangam เทศบาลตำบลบัวงาม 7,086
19. Na Yia เทศบาลตำบลนาเยีย 6,730
20. Khemmaratthani เทศบาลตำบลเขมราฐ 6,288
21. Ubon เทศบาลตำบลอุบล 6,101
Exurb, Ubon Ratchathani
22. Khuang Nai เทศบาลตำบลเขื่องใน 4,751
23. Buntharik เทศบาลตำบลบุณฑริก 4,607
24. Sri Muangmai เทศบาลตำบลศรีเมืองใหม่ 4,284
25. Kud Khaopun เทศบาลตำบลกุดข้าวปุ้น 4,124
26. Chongmek เทศบาลตำบลช่องเม็ก 3,628
27. Muang Sam Sip เทศบาลตำบลม่วงสามสิบ 3,358
28. Huai Khayung เทศบาลตำบลห้วยขะยูง 3,346
29. Ang Sila เทศบาลตำบลอ่างศิลา 3,304
30. Tansum เทศบาลตำบลตาลสุม 3,267
31. Na Suang เทศบาลตำบลนาส่วง 3,215
32. Phosai เทศบาลตำบลโพธิ์ไทร 3,100
33. ฺBaan Dan - Khong Chium เทศบาลตำบลบ้านด่านโขงเจียม 2,741
34. Hua Na เทศบาลตำบลหัวนา N/A
35. Muag Srikai เทศบาลตำบลเมืองศรีไค N/A
Exurb, Warin Chamrap
36. That เทศบาลตำบลธาตุ N/A
Educational city, exurb, Warin Chamrap

Local government

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As of 26 November 2019 there are:[16] one Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 60 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Ubon Ratchathani has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Chaeramae, Det Udom, Phibun Mangsahan and Warin Chamrap have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 54 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 179 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations – SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[3]

Human achievement index 2022

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Health Education Employment Income
       
46 63 32 72
Housing Family Transport Participation
 
 
    
24 4 61 53
Province Ubon Ratchathani, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6272 is "somewhat low", occupies place 60 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[4]

Rank Classification
  1–13 "High"
14–29 "Somewhat high"
30–45 "Average"
46–61 "Somewhat low"
62–77 "Low"


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Sister cities

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Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "รายนามผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด" [List of Governors of Provinces of Thailand] (PDF). Ministry of Interior (Thailand). 2 December 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  2. ^ a b "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  3. ^ a b รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2562 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
  4. ^ a b "ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)" [Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai). Retrieved 12 March 2024, page 90{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  5. ^ "Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition". <>. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). July 2019. ISSN 1686-0799. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  6. ^ "Ubon Ratchathani". Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  7. ^ "Maenam Song Si". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Archived from the original on 2015-09-12. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  8. ^ Wipatayotin, Apinya (18 August 2018). "How to pad farmers' pockets". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  9. ^ "Phu Chong Na Yoi National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  10. ^ "Kaeng Tana National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  11. ^ "Pha Taem National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  12. ^ Pawaputanon, Oopatham (May 2007). "An Introduction to the Mekong Fisheries of Thailand" (PDF). Mekong Development Series No. 5. Vientiane: Mekong River Commission. ISSN 1680-4023. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
  13. ^ a b c d "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  14. ^ a b "ตาราง 5 พื้นที่เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่า พ.ศ. 2562" [Table 5 Wildlife Sanctuary Areas in 2019] (PDF). Department of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Plant Conservation (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  15. ^ Department of Provincial Administration (2014). "Official Statistics Registration System". Retrieved November 10, 2015.[failed verification]
  16. ^ "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019. 75 Ubon Ratchathani: 1 PAO, 1 City mun., 4 Town mun., 54 Subdistrict mun., 179 SAO.
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15°13′46″N 104°51′04″E / 15.22944°N 104.85111°E / 15.22944; 104.85111

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