Ustyuzhensky District (Russian: Устюже́нский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[6] district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Babayevsky District in the north, Kaduysky District in the northeast, Cherepovetsky District in the east, Vesyegonsky and Sandovsky Districts of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Pestovsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the southwest, and with Chagodoshchensky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,600 square kilometers (1,400 sq mi).[4] Its administrative center is the town of Ustyuzhna.[3] Population: 18,738 (2010 Census);[5] 21,679 (2002 Census);[8] 22,483 (1989 Soviet census).[9] The population of Ustyuzhna accounts for 50.7% of the district's population.[5]
Ustyuzhensky District
Устюженский район | |
|---|---|
.png) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Ustyuzhensky District in Vologda Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 58°50′N 36°26′E / 58.833°N 36.433°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Vologda Oblast[1] |
| Established | August 1, 1927[2] |
| Administrative center | Ustyuzhna[3] |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,600 km2 (1,400 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 18,738 |
| • Density | 5.2/km2 (13/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 50.7% |
| • Rural | 49.3% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 1 Towns of district significance, 13 Selsoviets |
| • Inhabited localities[3] | 1 cities/towns, 224 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Ustyuzhensky Municipal District[6] |
| • Municipal divisions[6] | 1 urban settlements, 9 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [7]) |
| OKTMO ID | 19650000 |
| Website | http://ustuzhensky.munrus.ru |
Geography
editThe landscape of the district is flat and much of the district's territory belongs to the basin of the Mologa River and its principal left tributaries, the Kobozha and the Chagodoshcha. The Mologa itself crosses the district from southwest to northeast. The rivers in the southeastern part of the district drain to the rivers which were formerly right tributaries of the Mologa, but currently flow to the Rybinsk Reservoir.
There are lakes in the district, the biggest of which are Lake Otno and Lake Talets, both in the northeast of the district.
History
editUstyuzhna was first mentioned in the chronicles in 1252 as Ustyug-Zhelezny, but archaeological data show that the settlement already existed in the 11th century. In 1252, it was a part of the Principality of Uglich.[10] Ustyuzhna lied on the shortest route from Novgorod to the basin of the Northern Dvina River, which caused an understandable interest of the Novgorod Republic. In the 14th century, Novgorod tried several times to establish control over the area. During the Time of Troubles, the Polish Army laid a siege on Ustyuzhna, but did not manage to conquer the town. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the area became one of the most important centers of metal production in Russia. In the beginning of the 18th century, it was a major producer of arms.[10]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off. In 1738, Ustyuzhna was chartered and became the seat of Ustyuzhensky Uyezd. In 1776, the area was transferred to Novgorod Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and Ustyuzhensky Uyezd was transferred to Novgorod Governorate.
In June 1918, five uyezds of Novgorod Governorate, including Ustyuzhensky Uyezd, were split off to form Cherepovets Governorate, with the administrative center in Cherepovets. On August 1, 1927, Cherepovets Governorate was abolished, and Cherepovets Okrug of Leningrad Oblast was established on its former territory. Simultaneously, uyezds were abolished, and Ustyuzhensky District was established, with the administrative center in the town of Ustyuzhna. On September 23, 1937, Ustyuzhensky District was transferred to newly established Vologda Oblast and remained there ever since.[2]
Economy
editIndustry
editIn the district, there are enterprises of timber, food, and textile industries, as well as production of construction materials.[11]
Agriculture
editAgriculture in the district is based on cattle breeding.[11]
Transportation
editA114 highway, connecting Vologda to Cherepovets and St. Petersburg, crosses the district from east to west, passing north of Ustyuzhna. Ustyuzhna is connected by roads with Tver via Vesyegonsk, Bezhetsk via Sandovo, and Borovichi via Pestovo. There are also local roads.
Culture and recreation
edit
The district contains 44 objects (39 of them in Ustyuzhna) classified as cultural and historical heritage by the Russian Federal law, and additionally 145 objects (97 of them located in Ustyuzhna) classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[12] Ustyuzhna is a historical town with the well-preserved center from the 19th century.
The Ustyuzhensky District Museum is located in Ustyuzhna.[13] In the settlement of Danilovskoye close to Ustyuzhna, there is Batyushkov estate which is now the museum of Batyushkov family and of Aleksandr Kuprin. Konstantin Batyushkov, a Russian 19th-century poet, was raised in the estate, whereas Kuprin, a 20th-century author, visited the estate on a regular basis between 1906 and 1911.[14]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Law #371-OZ
- ^ a b Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
- ^ a b c Resolution #178
- ^ a b Судаков, Г. В. (2006). Г. В. Судаков (ed.). Вологодская энциклопедия (PDF) (in Russian). Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 488. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. Retrieved November 23, 2011.
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #1126-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 497. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ a b Экономика (in Russian). Муниципальный район Устюженский. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ Устюженский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
- ^ Музей-усадьба Батюшковых и А.И.Куприна в Даниловском: Филиал Устюженского краеведческого музея (in Russian). Вологодская областная универсальная научная библиотека. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
Sources
edit- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №371-ОЗ от 4 июня 1999 г. «О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области», в ред. Закона №2916-ОЗ от 7 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон области "О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №124–125, 29 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #371-OZ of June 4, 1999 On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Law #2916-OZ of December 7, 2012 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Правительство Вологодской области. Постановление №178 от 1 марта 2010 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Вологодской области», в ред. Постановления №686 от 25 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Постановления Правительства области». Вступил в силу 20 марта 2010 г. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №29, 20 марта 2010 г. (Government of Vologda Oblast. Resolution #178 of March 1, 2010 On Adopting the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #686 of June 25, 2012 On Amending Various Resolutions of the Oblast Government. Effective as of March 20, 2010.).
- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №1126-ОЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ Устюженского муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав», в ред. Закона №2809-ОЗ от 5 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы области, устанавливающие границы и статус муниципальных образований области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №242, 11 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #1126-OZ of December 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of Ustyuzhensky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Law #2809-OZ of July 5, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Oblast, Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Municipal Formations of the Oblast. Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).