Wiggins Airways is a long-lived American aviation company that pursued many lines of business during its existence, including:
- fixed base operator
- local service carrier based in Massachusetts, providing scheduled airline service 1949–1953, certificated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now defunct Federal agency that, at the time, tightly regulated almost all airline service in the United States
- cargo airline based in Manchester, New Hampshire, United States, operating from Manchester–Boston Regional Airport. In 2014 it became a subsidiary of Ameriflight, and as of June 1, 2024, Wiggins is transitioning to becoming an operating base of Ameriflight, apparently merging into its parent.
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| Founded | 2 December 1930 incorporated as E.W. Wiggins Airways | ||||||
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| Hubs | Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (MHT) | ||||||
| Fleet size | 15 | ||||||
| Parent company | Ameriflight (2014-2024) | ||||||
| Headquarters | Leominster, Massachusetts Norwood, Massachusetts Manchester, New Hampshire | ||||||
| Key people | Elmer W. Wiggins Paul Halter | ||||||
| Website | wiggins-air | ||||||
History
editStartup
editThe business was incorporated in Massachusetts on 2 December 1930 as E.W. Wiggins Airways, Inc. by president Elmer W. Wiggins, with its principal office in Leominster. The proposed business of the corporation was a many-hundred word comprehensive description of apparently every type of aviation-related business, covering everything from gliders to helicopters (a dozen years before the first mass-produced helicopter) to dirigibles and rocketships, including manufacturing, leasing, operating, financing, fueling, sales and more.[1] Starting in the 1930s, Wiggins was a fixed base operator, including pilot instruction. During World War II it built aircraft parts and trained pilots for the military.[2] By 1944, the company had moved to Norwood.[3]
Scheduled passenger airline
edit
In June 1946, the CAB certificated Wiggins as a local service carrier to fly several passenger routes between Boston and Albany. Founder Elmer Wiggins died just prior to the public hearings for the CAB case that produced the certification.[2] The company wanted to use Douglas DC-3s for the routes, but was frustrated by lack of adequate airports. In 1949, the CAB said it would accept the use of smaller aircraft. After Wiggins experimented with several types, it was found that the four-passenger Cessna T-50 was able to safely operate into the rudimentary airports available and climb fast enough to scale mountainous territory. While a twin-engine aircraft, it was of wood and fabric construction, unattractive to passengers.[4]
See External links for a link to a photo of Wiggins Airways aircraft of this era.
Scheduled service finally started on 19 September 1949.[5] The basic problem for Wiggins was that few flew the carrier. Even after the airline had been further developed, in 1951 and 1952, an average of fewer than 10 people boarded Wiggins per day, across the whole system. Since passenger revenue was extremely low, the postal subsidy (by which all local service carriers were then supported) was unacceptably high per pound of mail. This was the same basic problem that the CAB had faced previously with both Florida Airways in 1949 and Mid-West Airlines in 1952, and had the same result. In a decision reached in October 1952, the CAB said it would not renew the Wiggins certification. In the same decision, it allowed that there was intrinsic demand from Albany to Boston, just not the way Wiggins was flying, and handed a route between the two to Mohawk Airlines. As with the 1952 decision to not extend Mid-West's certification, the five members of the Board split 3–2, with the same minority members with the same dissenting opinion: Wiggins deserved a shot at flying DC-3s and could be expected eventually to do well with them.[4]
Wiggins and the states of New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont plus several New England cities asked for reconsideration, but in July 1953 the Board affirmed its decision.[6] Wiggins flew its last scheduled flight on July 31, 1953.[7] Wiggins was the last of three local service carriers (of the 19 that initiated CAB-certificated service) to have the CAB refuse to renew their certificates.[8] However, unlike Florida Airways and Mid-West, Wiggins did not liquidate as a result, having other healthy lines of business.[7]
New Hampshire
editWiggins was drawn to New Hampshire by flying feeder cargo aircraft for Federal Express and UPS Airlines. This started in the 1980s and by 1990 Wiggins had contracts at Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (MHT) with both UPS and Federal Express.[9] (The same year, the airline officially changed its name to Wiggins Airways, Inc.)[10] This led the airline to buy Stead Aviation, an MHT fixed base operator, in 1997, with the intention of moving the airline to Manchester.[11] Wiggins built a new headquarters, general aviation terminal and hangar, opening the complex in 1999.[12] Wiggins opened a new aviation fuel farm at MHT in 2004.[13] In the same year, the company finally reincorporated in New Hampshire.[14]
Wiggins Airways was bought out by its employees in the creation of an Employee Share Ownership Plan in 1985. Wiggins employed over 160 people during this time.
Ameriflight era
editIn December 2014, Ameriflight acquired Wiggins Airways (at the time comprising 48 aircraft and 100 employees), which resulted in Ameriflight becoming the largest regional air cargo carrier in the world, with 218 aircraft.[15][16] Ameriflight elected not to continue to operate Wiggins' FBO and airline service departments, selling those departments to Signature Flight Support.[17]
While Signature Flight Support operates fueling and deicing services to aircraft flying into Manchester Boston Regional Airport, Wiggins Airways does maintenance on their fleet of Beechcraft 99s, as well as servicing the airlines that serve the airport and general aviation aircraft.
In February of 2024, Wiggins Airways flew its final FedEx revenue run, signaling the separation of the two companies. The final C208 was flown out to Akron Canton Airport on March 13, 2024, ending the connection between FedEx and Wiggins Airways. On June 1, 2024, Ameriflight announced it would transition Wiggins to becoming simply an operating base of Ameriflight.[18]
Fleet
edit1987-88 World Airline Fleets (copyright 1987) lists the E.W. Wiggins Airways dba Wiggins Airways with a fleet as follows, the Cessna Caravan noted as being flown for Federal Express:[19]
- 5 Bell 206
- 1 Cessna Caravan
- 2 DHC-6 Twin Otter Cargo
- 1 Piper Aztec
As of 3 June 2024, the Federal Aviation Administration lists Wiggins as flying 12 Beechcraft 99s and three Cessna Caravans under Part 135 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, the Caravans with Fedex registrations.[20]
Routes
editThe route map from Wiggins time as a scheduled airline in 1949–1953 is shown above.
Note: * denotes a route flown on demand (Adhoc) by UPS
Incidents and Accidents
edit- On August 22, 2023, while operating a training flight from Lewiston-Auburn Airport, Wiggins Air Flight 634 crashed in a wooded area in Litchfield, ME.[21] The aircraft involved was a Beechcraft Model 99. The aircraft was totally destroyed after entering a steep dive while conducting training, almost disintegrating on impact. Both occupants were killed in the crash.
- On January 26, 2024, a Wiggins Airways Beech C99 cargo flight from Manchester-Boston Regional Airport to Presque Isle International Airport crashed in Londonderry, NH into wooded terrain, destroying the aircraft and severely injuring the sole pilot on board.[22] After takeoff, the aircraft broadcast an emergency transponder code then flew erratically for 16 minutes before crashing. The pilot's door had become detached, resulting in control difficulties, and the pilot was unable to contact ATC.
References
edit- ^ "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Organization, Filing Number 000041972198". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 2 December 1930. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ a b "New England Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 7: 27–82. June 1946 – March 1947. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657737.
- ^ "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Amendment, Filing Number 200345082280". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 2 August 1944. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Wiggins Renewal Investigation Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 16: 483–533. July 1952 – February 1953. hdl:2027/osu.32437011658529.
- ^ Wiggins Airways Initials Local Airline Service, Springfield (MA) Morning Union, September 20, 1949
- ^ "Wiggins Renewal Investigation Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 17: 565–579. March–September 1953. hdl:2027/osu.32437011658479.
- ^ a b Wiggins Bows Out With Last Flight Cover, Greenfield (MA) Recorder, August 3, 1953
- ^ Eads, George C. (1972). The Local Service Airline Experiment. Brookings Institution. pp. 4, 98. ISBN 9780815720225.
- ^ Brouder, Edward W., Jr.; Quirin, Maurice B. (2006). Manchester's Airport: Flying Through Time. Amherst, NH: Unified Business Technologies Press. p. 322. ISBN 097214899X.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Amendment, Filing Number 020500169047". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 22 May 1990. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ Wiggins Airways Buys N.H. Firm, Boston Globe, August 10, 1997
- ^ Brouder & Quirin 2006, p. 323.
- ^ Brouder & Quirin 2006, p. 346.
- ^ "Search results for Wiggins Airways, Inc., ID 498216". quickstart.sos.nh.gov. New Hampshire Secretary of State Business Search. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Wiggins Airways". Airliner World: 15. January 2015.
- ^ "Wiggins Acquisition Goes Ahead". Airliner World: 14. December 2014.
- ^ "Signature Flight Support to acquire Wiggins AirWays FBO at Manchester Airport".
- ^ "Wiggins Airways website homepage". wiggins-air.com. Wiggins Airways. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ Endres, Gunter G. (1987). 1987-88 World Airline Fleets. Feltham, Middlesex, UK: Browcom Publishing. p. 218. ISBN 0946141304.
- ^ "FAA-certificated Aircraft Operators (Legal Part 135 holders)". www.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ "NTSB releases preliminary report on plane crash in Litchfield that killed two people". 8 September 2023.
- ^ "Loss of control Accident Beechcraft C99 Commuter N53RP".
External links
edit- Official website
- Wiggins aircraft in early 1950s scheduled era (slow link, may need to reload): "E.W. Wiggins Airways Cessna T-50 N58147" (photo). edcoatescollection.com. Ed Coates Collection. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
