The Wright Exhibition Team was a group of early aviators trained by the Wright brothers at Wright Flying School in Montgomery, Alabama in March 1910.
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History
editThe group was formed in 1910 at the suggestion of balloonist Augustus Roy Knabenshue.
The team made its first public appearance on June 13, 1910 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
The team performed aerial shows and set records for altitude (4939 feet) and endurance.
Pilots were paid $20 per week and $50 a day when flying. By August there were five separate teams flying at one time with $186,000 in receipts. Ralph Johnstone was the first to be killed.
After attempting another altitude record over Denver's Overland Park in November, Johnstone put his plane into Walter Richard Brookins' 'spiral dip' dive, and he never recovered. The plane plummeted to the ground, and Johnstone was crushed.
A month later, on New Year's Eve, 1910, Arch Hoxsey was killed in an identical crash. Although the team had lost its star fliers, newer pilots trained by Welsh joined the team and continued performing around the country at 25 locations.
Troubled by the deaths of the pilots, the Wrights disbanded the group in November 1911.
Members
edit- Leonard Warden Bonney (1884–1928) †
- Walter Richard Brookins (1889–1953).[1]
- Frank Trenholm Coffyn (1878–1960) [2]
- Howard Gill (1883–1912) †
- Archibald Hoxsey (1884–1910) ‡
- Ralph Johnstone (1880/?1886–1910) ‡
- Augustus Roy Knabenshue (1875–1960) managed the team.[3]
- Duval La Chapelle (1869-1932)
- Philip Orin Parmelee (1887–1912) †
- James Clifford Turpin (1886–1966) pilot, engineer
- Arthur L. Welsh (1875 or 1881–1912) †, Welsh was killed in a crash while demonstrating a Wright model C airplane for the U.S. Army in 1912.[4]
- Spencer Crane – mechanic
- James Davis – mechanic
‡ Died in crashes performing for the Wright team
† Died in crashes after leaving the team
Timeline
edit- 1910 Indianapolis Motor Speedway on June 13
- 1910 October – Walter Brookins crashes the Wright Baby Grand at Belmont Park in New York.[5]
- 1910 November – Ralph Johnstone dies at Denver's Overland park.
- 1910 December – Walter Brookins performs at Dominguez Field, Los Angeles.[6]
- 1910 Death of Arch Hoxsey on December 31
- 1911 May – Walter Brookins leaves the flight team.
- 1911 Chicago, Illinois August 12–30, Grant Park[7]
- 1911 November – The Wrights release the team, keeping Welsh on as a test pilot.
References
edit- ^ "Walter Brookins, 63, Early Record Flyer". New York Times. April 30, 1953. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
- ^ "Frank Trenholm Coffyn. Original Member of Wright Brothers Exhibition Team. Mapped Airmail Routes". Associated Press in the New York Times. December 11, 1960. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
- ^ "Aviator Parmelee Plunges to Death. Caught by Treacherous Gust of Wind While Giving Exhibition Flight in Washington State". New York Times. June 2, 1912. Retrieved 2007-07-21.
Philip Parmelee, the aviator, was killed here today while giving an exhibition flight from the fair grounds. Parmalee was the flying partner of Clifford Turpin, whose airship flew into the grandstand at Seattle Thursday, killing two persons and injuring fifteen.
- ^ "Lieut. Hazelhurst and Al Welsh, Professional Aviator, Victims of Airship Test". The New York Times. June 12, 1912. Retrieved 2009-09-04.
Lieut. Leighton W. Hazelhurst, Jr., of the Seventeenth Infantry, one of the most promising of the younger aviators of the army, and Al Welsh, one of the most daring professional aviators in America, were instantly killed in a flight at the Army Aviation School at College Park, Md., at 6:30 o'clock this evening.
- ^ Joshua Stoff. Long Island aircraft crashes 1909-1959. p. 16.
- ^ "Brookins Thrill with Acrobatics High in the Air ; Young Man Bird Gives Foretaste of Aviation Meet Sensations to Invited Guests ; Famous Spiral Dip Shown". Vol. 33, no. 80. Los Angeles Herald. December 20, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
- ^ Aero and Hydro: 387. 5 August 1911.
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