Zopherinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as ironclad beetles. Together with the subfamily Usechinae, they have been treated historically as a family, but have recently been joined by several additional taxa, making the Zopheridae a much larger composite family, and the Zopherinae are now only a small component within it, consisting of seven genera in the tribe Zopherini and one, Phellopsis in its own tribe (Phellopsini).
| Ironclad beetles | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ironclad beetle, Zopherus nodulosus haldemani | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Zopheridae |
| Subfamily: | Zopherinae Solier, 1834 |
| Tribes[1] | |
| |
These beetles are apparently fungivores and associated with rotting wood, and as the common name implies, have one of the hardest of all arthropod exoskeletons; in some species, it is almost impossible to drive an insect pin through their bodies without using a small drill to make a hole first.
When disturbed, ironclad beetles play dead.
Some species in the genus Zopherus in Mexico are decorated with costume jewelry glued to their bodies, and sold as living brooches, known as ma'kech.[2]
Selected species
edit- Genus Phellopsis LeConte, 1862
- Phellopsis montana Casey, 1907
- Phellopsis obcordata (Kirby, 1837)
- Phellopsis porcata
- Phellopsis robustula Casey, 1907
- Genus Nosoderma Solier, 1841
- Nosoderma aequale
- Nosoderma diabolicum (LeConte, 1851)
- Nosoderma exsculptum
- Nosoderma guatemalense
- Nosoderma inaequale
- Nosoderma plicatum (LeConte, 1859)
- Nosoderma sylvaticum
- Nosoderma zunilense
- Genus Zopherus Laporte, 1840
- Zopherus championi Triplehorn, 1972
- Zopherus chilensis
- Zopherus concolor LeConte, 1851
- Zopherus elegans Horn, 1870
- Zopherus gracilis Horn, 1867
- Zopherus granicollis Horn, 1885
- Zopherus jansoni
- Zopherus jourdani
- Zopherus laevicollis
- Zopherus nervosus
- Zopherus nodulosus Solier, 1841
- Zopherus opacus Horn, 1867
- Zopherus sanctaehelenae (Blaisdell, 1931)
- Zopherus tristis LeConte, 1851
- Zopherus uteanus (Casey, 1907)
- Zopherus xestus Triplehorn, 1972
References
edit- ^ Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88). Pensoft Publishers: 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
- ^ "CBP Officers Intercept Live Beetle Worn as Jewelry at Brownsville Port of Entry" (Press release). US Customs and Border Patrol. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
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